吉林省高等職業(yè)院校學生就業(yè)形勢的分析研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-18 09:11
【摘要】：目前，中國正處在走新型工業(yè)化道路、推進產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級、轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟增長方式以及建設(shè)創(chuàng)新型國家的關(guān)鍵時期，，需要一大批能夠解決生產(chǎn)技術(shù)難題的高技能人才，這對人力資源結(jié)構(gòu)和素質(zhì)提出了更高的要求。高等職業(yè)教育作為中國高等教育體系的重要構(gòu)成要素，承擔著選拔、培養(yǎng)、輸送具有一定的知識儲備，能力儲備，人文素養(yǎng)儲備，能夠直接面向社會生產(chǎn)一線工作需要的高級技術(shù)人才的重要職責。 從1980年開始，中國的高等職業(yè)院校如雨后春筍般在東南沿海以及部分經(jīng)濟發(fā)展情況較好的地區(qū)誕生，中國職業(yè)學校在早期的起步以及發(fā)展過程當中，通過不斷的嘗試和摸索并在一定程度上借鑒西方國家的職業(yè)教育經(jīng)驗，逐漸找到了一條符合中國國情的，有利于大規(guī)模培養(yǎng)優(yōu)秀職業(yè)技術(shù)人才的發(fā)展道路。至此，中國高等職業(yè)教育已經(jīng)走過了30多年的發(fā)展歷程。 國家對高等職業(yè)院校發(fā)展情況給予了高度重視，從1999年到2002年教育部先后出臺了有關(guān)高等職業(yè)教育的三十多個文件，為適應(yīng)全面建設(shè)小康社會對高素質(zhì)勞動者和技能型人才的迫切需求，從提高高等職業(yè)院校的管理水平、師資力量、培養(yǎng)模式等一系列基礎(chǔ)性工作入手，從而保證高等職業(yè)院校學生的正確就業(yè)導向，為學生提供發(fā)揮個人價值與社會價值機會，進一步維護社會和諧。 發(fā)展現(xiàn)代職業(yè)教育，不僅是吉林省落實中央方針政策的必然要求，同時也關(guān)系進一步促進農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化、加快原有傳統(tǒng)工業(yè)改造和結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級、發(fā)展高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)、大力發(fā)展現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)等一系列戰(zhàn)略任務(wù)的順利完成。近幾年，吉林省高等職業(yè)教育發(fā)展迅速。目前，全省現(xiàn)有高職院校22所，全日制在校生已經(jīng)超過10萬人。高職教育已成為吉林省高等教育的重要組成部分，在推進吉林省高等教育大眾化進程、加快吉林省高技能人才培養(yǎng)速度，促進吉林省經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展中發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用。 高等職業(yè)院校通過建立完整的人才培養(yǎng)輸送體系，為用人單位提供優(yōu)質(zhì)人力資源服務(wù)，從而實現(xiàn)自己的社會功能屬性。而企業(yè)的發(fā)展離不開優(yōu)勢人才的助推作用，企業(yè)通過招聘和選擇人才到企業(yè)內(nèi)部中來，通過有效的培訓和管理促進人才實現(xiàn)自身利益最大化。一個培養(yǎng)人才，一個要用人才，雙方構(gòu)成了應(yīng)聘與招聘的共生關(guān)系。 但是，高等職業(yè)院校學生就業(yè)過程中還存在一些問題，例如用人單位就業(yè)門檻高、畢業(yè)生工作待遇低，專業(yè)設(shè)置有待優(yōu)化、師資隊伍有待提高，學生就業(yè)觀念及自我認知存在偏差等。 本文擬通過對吉林省高職院校大學生的就業(yè)背景及其就業(yè)形勢的分析，探尋高職畢業(yè)生就業(yè)工作的改革思路，通過建立有效的就業(yè)工作運行機制，科學設(shè)置學科專業(yè)、強化“雙師型”教師隊伍，改進就業(yè)指導工作、增強對高等職業(yè)學生的個性化指導，廣泛爭取社會各方面支持等途徑，從而提高吉林省高職院校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)的質(zhì)量，以促進吉林省高職院校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)工作的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:At present, China is on the road of new industrialization, promoting the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, transforming the mode of economic growth and building an innovative country. It needs a large number of highly skilled personnel who can solve the difficult problems of production technology, which puts forward higher requirements for the structure and quality of human resources. The important elements of the higher education system are responsible for selecting, training and transferring high-level technical personnel with a certain knowledge reserve, capacity reserve and humanistic quality reserve, which can directly meet the needs of the front-line work of social production.
Since 1980, China's higher vocational colleges have sprung up along the southeast coast and some areas with better economic development. In the early stages of their development, China's vocational schools have gradually found one through constant trial and exploration and to a certain extent learning from the vocational education experience of Western countries. China's higher vocational education has gone through more than 30 years of development.
The State attaches great importance to the development of Higher Vocational Colleges and universities. From 1999 to 2002, the Ministry of Education issued more than 30 documents on Higher Vocational education. In order to meet the urgent needs of building a well-off society in an all-round way for high-quality workers and skilled personnel, the management level of Higher Vocational Colleges and universities, the strength of teachers and the cultivation of them are to be improved. Starting with a series of basic work, such as cultivation mode, to ensure the correct employment orientation of Vocational College students, to provide students with opportunities to play their personal and social values, and to further maintain social harmony.
The development of modern vocational education is not only an inevitable requirement for Jilin Province to implement the central policy, but also related to the smooth completion of a series of strategic tasks, such as further promoting agricultural modernization, speeding up the transformation of traditional industries and structural optimization and upgrading, developing high-tech industries and vigorously developing modern service industries. Vocational education develops rapidly. At present, there are 22 Vocational Colleges in Jilin Province, with more than 100,000 full-time students. Higher vocational education has become an important part of higher education in Jilin Province. It is playing an important role in promoting the popularization of higher education in Jilin Province, speeding up the cultivation of high-skilled personnel in Jilin Province, and promoting the economic and social development of Jilin Province. More and more important role.
Vocational colleges and universities can realize their own social function attribute by establishing a complete personnel training and transportation system to provide high-quality human resources services for employers. However, the development of enterprises can not be separated from the role of advantageous talents. Enterprises recruit and select talents to the enterprise interior, through effective training and management to promote people. Only then realizes own benefit maximization. One trains the talented person, one must use the talented person, both sides constituted the application and the recruitment symbiosis relations.
However, there are still some problems in the employment process of students in Higher Vocational colleges, such as the high employment threshold of employers, the low salary of graduates, the optimization of specialty settings, the improvement of teachers, the deviation of students'employment concept and self-awareness.
Through the analysis of the employment background and the employment situation of the college students in Jilin Province, this paper explores the reform ideas of the employment work of the higher vocational college graduates, through the establishment of an effective employment operation mechanism, the scientific establishment of disciplines and specialties, the strengthening of the "double-qualified" teachers, the improvement of employment guidance, and the enhancement of the higher vocational students. Individualized guidance and extensive social support can improve the quality of employment of graduates from higher vocational colleges in Jilin Province, so as to promote the sustainable development of employment of graduates from higher vocational colleges in Jilin Province.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：G717.38
本文編號：2189022
[Abstract]:At present, China is on the road of new industrialization, promoting the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, transforming the mode of economic growth and building an innovative country. It needs a large number of highly skilled personnel who can solve the difficult problems of production technology, which puts forward higher requirements for the structure and quality of human resources. The important elements of the higher education system are responsible for selecting, training and transferring high-level technical personnel with a certain knowledge reserve, capacity reserve and humanistic quality reserve, which can directly meet the needs of the front-line work of social production.
Since 1980, China's higher vocational colleges have sprung up along the southeast coast and some areas with better economic development. In the early stages of their development, China's vocational schools have gradually found one through constant trial and exploration and to a certain extent learning from the vocational education experience of Western countries. China's higher vocational education has gone through more than 30 years of development.
The State attaches great importance to the development of Higher Vocational Colleges and universities. From 1999 to 2002, the Ministry of Education issued more than 30 documents on Higher Vocational education. In order to meet the urgent needs of building a well-off society in an all-round way for high-quality workers and skilled personnel, the management level of Higher Vocational Colleges and universities, the strength of teachers and the cultivation of them are to be improved. Starting with a series of basic work, such as cultivation mode, to ensure the correct employment orientation of Vocational College students, to provide students with opportunities to play their personal and social values, and to further maintain social harmony.
The development of modern vocational education is not only an inevitable requirement for Jilin Province to implement the central policy, but also related to the smooth completion of a series of strategic tasks, such as further promoting agricultural modernization, speeding up the transformation of traditional industries and structural optimization and upgrading, developing high-tech industries and vigorously developing modern service industries. Vocational education develops rapidly. At present, there are 22 Vocational Colleges in Jilin Province, with more than 100,000 full-time students. Higher vocational education has become an important part of higher education in Jilin Province. It is playing an important role in promoting the popularization of higher education in Jilin Province, speeding up the cultivation of high-skilled personnel in Jilin Province, and promoting the economic and social development of Jilin Province. More and more important role.
Vocational colleges and universities can realize their own social function attribute by establishing a complete personnel training and transportation system to provide high-quality human resources services for employers. However, the development of enterprises can not be separated from the role of advantageous talents. Enterprises recruit and select talents to the enterprise interior, through effective training and management to promote people. Only then realizes own benefit maximization. One trains the talented person, one must use the talented person, both sides constituted the application and the recruitment symbiosis relations.
However, there are still some problems in the employment process of students in Higher Vocational colleges, such as the high employment threshold of employers, the low salary of graduates, the optimization of specialty settings, the improvement of teachers, the deviation of students'employment concept and self-awareness.
Through the analysis of the employment background and the employment situation of the college students in Jilin Province, this paper explores the reform ideas of the employment work of the higher vocational college graduates, through the establishment of an effective employment operation mechanism, the scientific establishment of disciplines and specialties, the strengthening of the "double-qualified" teachers, the improvement of employment guidance, and the enhancement of the higher vocational students. Individualized guidance and extensive social support can improve the quality of employment of graduates from higher vocational colleges in Jilin Province, so as to promote the sustainable development of employment of graduates from higher vocational colleges in Jilin Province.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：G717.38
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