高職院�！艾F(xiàn)代學(xué)徒制”外部環(huán)境保障策略研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-06 16:19
【摘要】：據(jù)報(bào)道,2012年約有2/5的大學(xué)生畢業(yè)面臨“就業(yè)難”,另一方用人單位卻越來越難招聘到所需要的高級技工人才,要解決“技工荒”和“就業(yè)難”的矛盾,就要通過“現(xiàn)代學(xué)徒制”來實(shí)現(xiàn)高職教育的內(nèi)源式發(fā)展,“現(xiàn)代學(xué)徒制”是以校企合作為基礎(chǔ)的人才培養(yǎng)模式,其中以實(shí)現(xiàn)學(xué)生(徒弟)的培養(yǎng)以及教師-師傅的共同指導(dǎo)為核心內(nèi)容,課程是聯(lián)系學(xué)校和企業(yè)的重要紐帶。 “現(xiàn)代學(xué)徒制”能否有效地發(fā)揮經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)效益關(guān)鍵不在學(xué)校內(nèi)部自身的建設(shè),而在于能否實(shí)現(xiàn)政府、企業(yè)、行業(yè)組織以及整個(gè)社會(huì)對這種人才培養(yǎng)模式積極的支持和配合。高職教育是以市場本位和能力本位為標(biāo)準(zhǔn),著眼于社會(huì)發(fā)展和個(gè)人就業(yè)的教育形式,外部環(huán)境對“現(xiàn)代學(xué)徒制”的發(fā)展趨勢、質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)起著決定性的作用,因此,針對高職院�！艾F(xiàn)代學(xué)徒制”外部環(huán)境的研究和分析是保障“現(xiàn)代學(xué)徒制”有效實(shí)施的基礎(chǔ)和前提。 本研究主要采用文獻(xiàn)分析、問卷調(diào)查和深入訪談等研究方法,選取國家級示范類高職院校-重慶Z校為典型案例,對高職院�！艾F(xiàn)代學(xué)徒制”的開展情況進(jìn)行實(shí)地調(diào)研。 本研究包涵四個(gè)方面的內(nèi)容： 第一,帕森斯“結(jié)構(gòu)功能主義”,即AGIL模式,基于適應(yīng)-目標(biāo)達(dá)成-整合-潛在模式維系四個(gè)角度,通過對流式的互換,分析系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部的關(guān)系,最終實(shí)現(xiàn)均衡的態(tài)勢,AGIL是任何社會(huì)系統(tǒng)或社會(huì)組織發(fā)展演變的必要條件。高職院�！艾F(xiàn)代學(xué)徒制”是在特定系統(tǒng)中開展的社會(huì)行動(dòng),因此,高職院�！艾F(xiàn)代學(xué)徒制”可以以此為理論依據(jù)來分析影響外部環(huán)境保障的因素,從政府、企業(yè)、行業(yè)和社會(huì)的角度提出切實(shí)的實(shí)施策略。 第二,對重慶市高職院校Z�！艾F(xiàn)代學(xué)徒制”的實(shí)施情況進(jìn)行調(diào)查,分析特點(diǎn)和現(xiàn)狀,明確“現(xiàn)代學(xué)徒制”已取得的成績,發(fā)現(xiàn)“現(xiàn)代學(xué)徒制”外部環(huán)境保障,如法律不健全、經(jīng)費(fèi)短缺、企業(yè)參與度低等方面存在的問題,并尋求導(dǎo)致外部環(huán)境保障不足的原因。 第三,在對德國“雙元制”和澳大利亞“新學(xué)徒制”進(jìn)行述評的基礎(chǔ)上,提出針對我國高職院�！艾F(xiàn)代學(xué)徒制”外部環(huán)境保障的完善策略：首先,政府要制定扶持性政策和明確的法律條例,加大對高職教育的資金投入。其次,企業(yè)拓展“現(xiàn)代學(xué)徒制”人才培養(yǎng)的思路,建設(shè)現(xiàn)代企業(yè)教育制度和樹立正確人才儲(chǔ)備的觀念。再有,社會(huì)要建立溝通利益相關(guān)者的的交流機(jī)制,加強(qiáng)行業(yè)資格認(rèn)證的管理和機(jī)制的創(chuàng)新。最后,社會(huì)要繼承和發(fā)揚(yáng)中國傳統(tǒng)“藝徒”文化,加大對“現(xiàn)代學(xué)徒制”的宣傳力度,并倡導(dǎo)高職教育終身化的理念。 第四,本研究的結(jié)論旨在為我國的“現(xiàn)代學(xué)徒制”提供一種更有益的外部環(huán)境保障思路。在高職院�！艾F(xiàn)代學(xué)徒制”中,只有實(shí)現(xiàn)校企之間的深度合作,才能真正實(shí)現(xiàn)各方的“雙贏”,長久利益的掛鉤和銜接,最終將高職教育的特色化辦學(xué)和個(gè)性化發(fā)展融入人的全面發(fā)展與社會(huì)進(jìn)步的和諧統(tǒng)一。
[Abstract]:It is reported that in 2012, about 2/5 college graduates are faced with "difficult employment", while the other employers are more and more difficult to recruit to the required senior technicians. In order to solve the contradiction between "technical shortage" and "difficult employment", the "modern apprenticeship" should be adopted to realize the endogenous development of higher vocational education. "Modern apprenticeship" is a school. The training model based on enterprise cooperation is based on the training of students (Apprentice) and the common guidance of teachers and teachers. The curriculum is an important link between schools and enterprises.
Whether the "modern apprenticeship" can effectively play the key to economic and social benefits is not to build itself in the school itself, but to support and cooperate with the government, enterprises, industry organizations and the society as a whole. Higher vocational education is based on the market and ability standard, with a view to social development and the development of the society. The external environment plays a decisive role in the development trend of "modern apprenticeship" and the quality standard. Therefore, the research and analysis of the external environment of "modern apprenticeship" in higher vocational colleges is the basis and premise to ensure the effective implementation of the "modern apprenticeship" system.
This study mainly uses literature analysis, questionnaire survey and in-depth interview and other research methods, and selects the national demonstration class higher vocational colleges, Chongqing Z school as a typical case, and makes a field survey on the development of "modern apprenticeship" in higher vocational colleges.
This study includes four aspects:
First, Parsons's "structural functionalism", that is, AGIL model, is based on four angles of adaptation - goal reaching - integration - potential mode. Through the exchange of convection, it analyses the relationship within the system and finally realizes the equilibrium situation. AGIL is the necessary condition for the development and evolution of any social system or social organization. "The modern apprenticeship system of higher vocational colleges. "It is a social action in a specific system. Therefore," modern apprenticeship "in higher vocational colleges can be used as a theoretical basis to analyze the factors affecting external environmental protection, and put forward practical implementation strategies from the perspective of government, enterprises, industry and society.
Second, to investigate the implementation of "modern apprenticeship" in the Z School of Higher Vocational Colleges in Chongqing, analyze the characteristics and present situation, make clear the achievements made by the modern apprenticeship system, and find out the external environmental protection of "modern apprenticeship", such as the legal imperfection, the shortage of funds, the low enterprise participation and the low degree, and seek to lead to the external ring. The reasons for insufficient security.
Third, on the basis of a review of the "dual system" in Germany and the "New Apprenticeship" in Australia, this paper puts forward a perfect strategy for the external environment protection of "modern apprenticeship" in China's higher vocational colleges. First, the government should formulate supportive policies and clear legal regulations to increase the investment in higher vocational education. Secondly, the development of enterprises. "Modern apprenticeship" train of thought, the construction of modern enterprise education system and the idea of setting up a correct talent reserve. Furthermore, the society should establish communication mechanism to communicate the stakeholders, strengthen the management and innovation of industry qualification certification. Finally, the society should inherit and carry forward the Chinese traditional "apprenticeship" culture, and increase the " Advocacy of modern apprenticeship, and advocating the idea of lifelong education in higher vocational education.
Fourth, the conclusion of this study is to provide a more beneficial external environmental protection idea for the modern apprenticeship system in China. In the modern apprenticeship system of higher vocational colleges, only by realizing the deep cooperation between school and enterprise, can the "win-win", the link and connection of the long-term interests be realized, and the characteristics of higher vocational education will be finally made. School running and individualized development are integrated into the harmonious unity of human's all-round development and social progress.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：G712
本文編號：2168277
[Abstract]:It is reported that in 2012, about 2/5 college graduates are faced with "difficult employment", while the other employers are more and more difficult to recruit to the required senior technicians. In order to solve the contradiction between "technical shortage" and "difficult employment", the "modern apprenticeship" should be adopted to realize the endogenous development of higher vocational education. "Modern apprenticeship" is a school. The training model based on enterprise cooperation is based on the training of students (Apprentice) and the common guidance of teachers and teachers. The curriculum is an important link between schools and enterprises.
Whether the "modern apprenticeship" can effectively play the key to economic and social benefits is not to build itself in the school itself, but to support and cooperate with the government, enterprises, industry organizations and the society as a whole. Higher vocational education is based on the market and ability standard, with a view to social development and the development of the society. The external environment plays a decisive role in the development trend of "modern apprenticeship" and the quality standard. Therefore, the research and analysis of the external environment of "modern apprenticeship" in higher vocational colleges is the basis and premise to ensure the effective implementation of the "modern apprenticeship" system.
This study mainly uses literature analysis, questionnaire survey and in-depth interview and other research methods, and selects the national demonstration class higher vocational colleges, Chongqing Z school as a typical case, and makes a field survey on the development of "modern apprenticeship" in higher vocational colleges.
This study includes four aspects:
First, Parsons's "structural functionalism", that is, AGIL model, is based on four angles of adaptation - goal reaching - integration - potential mode. Through the exchange of convection, it analyses the relationship within the system and finally realizes the equilibrium situation. AGIL is the necessary condition for the development and evolution of any social system or social organization. "The modern apprenticeship system of higher vocational colleges. "It is a social action in a specific system. Therefore," modern apprenticeship "in higher vocational colleges can be used as a theoretical basis to analyze the factors affecting external environmental protection, and put forward practical implementation strategies from the perspective of government, enterprises, industry and society.
Second, to investigate the implementation of "modern apprenticeship" in the Z School of Higher Vocational Colleges in Chongqing, analyze the characteristics and present situation, make clear the achievements made by the modern apprenticeship system, and find out the external environmental protection of "modern apprenticeship", such as the legal imperfection, the shortage of funds, the low enterprise participation and the low degree, and seek to lead to the external ring. The reasons for insufficient security.
Third, on the basis of a review of the "dual system" in Germany and the "New Apprenticeship" in Australia, this paper puts forward a perfect strategy for the external environment protection of "modern apprenticeship" in China's higher vocational colleges. First, the government should formulate supportive policies and clear legal regulations to increase the investment in higher vocational education. Secondly, the development of enterprises. "Modern apprenticeship" train of thought, the construction of modern enterprise education system and the idea of setting up a correct talent reserve. Furthermore, the society should establish communication mechanism to communicate the stakeholders, strengthen the management and innovation of industry qualification certification. Finally, the society should inherit and carry forward the Chinese traditional "apprenticeship" culture, and increase the " Advocacy of modern apprenticeship, and advocating the idea of lifelong education in higher vocational education.
Fourth, the conclusion of this study is to provide a more beneficial external environmental protection idea for the modern apprenticeship system in China. In the modern apprenticeship system of higher vocational colleges, only by realizing the deep cooperation between school and enterprise, can the "win-win", the link and connection of the long-term interests be realized, and the characteristics of higher vocational education will be finally made. School running and individualized development are integrated into the harmonious unity of human's all-round development and social progress.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：G712
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，本文編號：2168277
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