【摘要】： 進(jìn)入20世紀(jì)以后,隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展和人們思想觀念的變化,西方社會(huì)以往對(duì)死亡的恐懼心理遇到理性的有力的挑戰(zhàn),許多國(guó)家開(kāi)辟了“死亡學(xué)”這一新學(xué)科。死亡教育在西方發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的興起,就是伴隨著死亡學(xué)的興起而起步的。從20世紀(jì)60年代起開(kāi)始西方國(guó)家對(duì)死亡教育進(jìn)行全面而認(rèn)真的研究,并逐步開(kāi)展和普及了死亡教育。死亡教育是一種幫助人們理解死亡的本質(zhì)、獲取有關(guān)死亡各種知識(shí)、認(rèn)識(shí)死與生的辯證關(guān)系,引導(dǎo)人們思考死亡的意義,促使人們由死觀生、珍惜生命、直面死亡,增進(jìn)人們對(duì)生命的欣賞,激勵(lì)人們積極投入生活,賦予短暫生命以無(wú)限價(jià)值的教育。由于民族的、文化的和社會(huì)的諸種原因,我國(guó)尚處于探索階段。但是在青少年中持續(xù)上升的自殺率、漠視自我與他人生命現(xiàn)象使我們不得不對(duì)民眾的生命質(zhì)量進(jìn)行深入的思考�！八劳鼋逃痹谶@樣的社會(huì)背景下承擔(dān)著重要的角色。作為基礎(chǔ)教育的基礎(chǔ),幼兒園更要明晰死亡教育的價(jià)值,掌握其特點(diǎn),并科學(xué)地開(kāi)展。本研究采用文獻(xiàn)分析法、訪(fǎng)談法、觀察法、案例分析法對(duì)幼兒園死亡教育的價(jià)值及特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了理論與實(shí)踐緊密相結(jié)合的探索。 本文共分為四個(gè)部分: 第一部分,分析論述了我國(guó)幼兒園死亡教育的現(xiàn)狀、提出死亡教育的必要性,并綜述了相關(guān)研究,提出研究采取的方法。 第二部分,提出幼兒園死亡教育的價(jià)值:幼兒園死亡教育有利于幼兒健康情緒情感的養(yǎng)成、幼兒園死亡教育有利于生命品質(zhì)的提升、幼兒園死亡教育為幼兒科學(xué)知識(shí)和觀念的獲得奠定基礎(chǔ)。 第三部分,根據(jù)幼兒園教育目標(biāo)和幼兒的身心發(fā)展特點(diǎn),并結(jié)合死亡教育本身的特點(diǎn),分析出幼兒園死亡教育的特點(diǎn):幼兒園死亡教育是一種防御性的教育、幼兒園死亡教育是幼兒生命教育的重要組成部分、幼兒園死亡教育是依據(jù)幼兒對(duì)死亡的認(rèn)知水平分階段進(jìn)行的教育、幼兒園死亡教育的實(shí)施方式具有多樣性。 第四部分,提出幼兒園死亡教育的實(shí)施建議:從轉(zhuǎn)變教育觀念,靈活運(yùn)用教育技能;采用合適溝通方式取得家長(zhǎng)的支持兩方面進(jìn)行論述。
[Abstract]:After entering the 20th century, with the rapid development of science and technology and the change of people's ideas, the fear of death in western society has met with a powerful and rational challenge in the past. Many countries have opened up a new subject of "death science". The rise of death education in western developed countries started with the rise of death science. Since 1960's, death education has been studied in western countries, and death education has been popularized step by step. Death education is to help people understand the nature of death, acquire all kinds of knowledge about death, understand the dialectical relationship between death and life, guide people to think about the significance of death, urge people to view life from death, cherish life, face death directly. To promote people's appreciation of life, to encourage people to actively engage in life, to give short life with unlimited value of education. Because of the national, cultural and social reasons, our country is still in the stage of exploration. However, the increasing suicide rate among teenagers, the disregard for self and other people's life makes us think deeply about the quality of life of the people. Death Education plays an important role in this social background. As the foundation of basic education, kindergarten should clarify the value of death education, grasp its characteristics, and carry out it scientifically. In this study, literature analysis, interview, observation and case analysis were used to explore the value and characteristics of kindergarten death education in close combination of theory and practice. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part analyzes the present situation of the kindergarten death education in China, puts forward the necessity of the death education, summarizes the related research, and puts forward the methods adopted in the research. The second part puts forward the value of kindergarten death education: kindergarten death education is conducive to the healthy emotional development of children, kindergarten death education is conducive to the improvement of quality of life. Kindergarten death education lays a foundation for the acquisition of scientific knowledge and concepts of young children. The third part, according to the kindergarten education goal and the child's body and mind development characteristic, unifies the death education itself characteristic, analyzes the kindergarten death education characteristic: the kindergarten death education is one kind of defensive education, Kindergarten death education is an important part of infant life education. Kindergarten death education is based on the children's cognitive level of death in stages. The implementation of kindergarten death education has a variety of ways. In the fourth part, the author puts forward some suggestions on the implementation of kindergarten death education: changing the educational concept, using educational skills flexibly and obtaining the support of parents through appropriate communication.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G610

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 張娜娜;;我國(guó)幼兒園死亡教育研究和實(shí)踐現(xiàn)狀及反思[J];特立學(xué)刊;2013年03期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前4條

1 左東朔;小學(xué)生死亡認(rèn)知特點(diǎn)[D];華東師范大學(xué);2011年

2 牛國(guó)興;我國(guó)青少年的生死教育研究[D];河南師范大學(xué);2011年

3 劉靖靖;大班兒童死亡概念的發(fā)展及影響因素研究[D];陜西師范大學(xué);2010年

4 林梅梅;幼兒生命教育的現(xiàn)實(shí)考察及策略思考[D];山東師范大學(xué);2010年

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本文編號(hào)：2360982