本文選題：幼兒 + 概念　； 參考：《南京師范大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文

【摘要】： 本研究主要采用訪談法，通過下定義、原因解釋兩個途徑考察了300名45個月到80個月的幼兒對日常健康行為相關(guān)概念(衛(wèi)生、洗手、刷牙、洗澡、睡覺、鍛練、休息、整理、按時、姿勢)的認(rèn)知。 通過對訪談結(jié)果的整理、編碼與分析，研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)幼兒對日常健康行為相關(guān)概念的定義包括以下九種形式：不知道、認(rèn)知不準(zhǔn)確、原詞造句、情境描述、結(jié)果描述、具體舉例、直觀特征、重要屬性、實際功用．這九種形式可以劃分為三種水平：水平一，幼兒對概念缺乏理解，包括不知道、認(rèn)知不準(zhǔn)確、原詞造句三種形式；水平二，幼兒依據(jù)事物的具體實例、可直接感知的具體情境或外部特征掌握概念，，包括情境描述、結(jié)果描述、具體舉例、直觀特征四種形式；水平三，幼兒從事物非直覺的內(nèi)在屬性或人與事物之間的關(guān)系來認(rèn)識掌握概念，包括重要屬性和實際功用兩種形式。 通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，幼兒對日常健康行為相關(guān)概念的定義以具體舉例、情境描述和實際功用三種形式為主，通過這三種形式給概念下定義的幼兒分別達(dá)到了幼兒總數(shù)的18.50％、18.43％和16.57％。在本研究考察的300名幼兒中，24.30％的幼兒對日常健康行為相關(guān)概念的定義處于水平一，46.70％的幼兒處于水平二，29.00％的幼兒處于水平三。此外，研究者又運用SPSS對資料進(jìn)行量化分析，分別揭示了幼兒對日常健康行為相關(guān)概念認(rèn)知的年齡特點、性別特點和園所特點。研究結(jié)果顯示：幼兒對“洗澡”和“休息”這兩個概念的定義水平不存在顯著的年齡差異，對其余八個概念的定義水平存在極其顯著的年齡差異；幼兒對“按時”的定義水平存在顯著的性別差異，表現(xiàn)為男孩對“按時”的認(rèn)識優(yōu)于女孩，對其余九個概念的定義水平則不存在顯著的性別差異；幼兒對十個概念的定義水平均存在極其顯著的園所差異，表現(xiàn)為園A幼兒對日常健康行為相關(guān)概念的定義優(yōu)于園B幼兒。 本研究中，幼兒對日常健康行為相關(guān)概念的原因解釋包括沒有解釋、不準(zhǔn)確解釋、依據(jù)方法或要求解釋、依據(jù)后果解釋、依據(jù)功用解釋、依據(jù)功用與后果結(jié)合解釋、直接原因解釋七種形式。依據(jù)后果解釋是幼兒原因解釋的主要形式，49.43％的幼兒依據(jù)后果進(jìn)行解釋。 在此基礎(chǔ)上，研究者對幼兒日常健康行為相關(guān)概念認(rèn)知的特點進(jìn)行了綜合討論，指出幼兒對日常健康行為相關(guān)概念的認(rèn)知可能受到幼兒思維發(fā)展水平、幼兒生活經(jīng)驗、概念本身特點以及教育因素的影響，并對幼兒日常健康行為教育提出了一些建議。 最后。研究者對本研究進(jìn)行了反思，提出了需要繼續(xù)改進(jìn)的地方。
[Abstract]:In this study, interviews were used to define and explain why 300 children from 45 months to 80 months old were investigated about their concepts of daily health behavior (hygiene, washing hands, brushing teeth, bathing, sleeping, exercising, resting, finishing). On time, posture) cognition. Through the analysis, coding and analysis of the interview results, the researchers found that the definition of children's related concepts of daily health behavior includes the following nine forms: ignorance, cognitive inaccuracy, original word construction, situational description, result description, concrete examples. The nine forms can be divided into three levels: level 1, lack of understanding of concepts, including ignorance, inaccuracy of cognition, construction of sentences in original words, level 2, According to the concrete examples of things, children can directly perceive the concept of specific situation or external characteristics, including situation description, result description, concrete example, visual feature four forms; level three, From the intrinsic attributes of non-intuition of things or the relationship between people and things, children understand the concept of mastery, which includes two forms: important attributes and practical functions. Through the study, it is found that the definition of children's related concepts of daily health behavior is mainly in the form of concrete examples, situational description and practical function. The definition of the concept by these three forms reached 18.50% and 16.57% of the total number of children respectively. In this study, 24.30% of the 300 young children in this study defined the related concepts of daily health behavior at level 1, 46.70% in level 2 and 29. 00% in level 3. In addition, the researchers used SPSS to quantify the data, revealing the age characteristics, gender characteristics and garden characteristics of children's cognition of related concepts of daily health behavior. The results show that there is no significant age difference in the definition level of the two concepts of "bathing" and "rest", but there is extremely significant age difference in the definition level of the other eight concepts. There is a significant gender difference in the definition level of "time" in young children, which shows that boys' understanding of "time" is better than that of girls, while there is no significant gender difference in the definition level of the other nine concepts. There were significant differences in the definition level of the ten concepts among children, which showed that kindergarten A children had better definition of the related concepts of daily health behavior than those of kindergarten B children. In this study, young children's explanation of the related concepts of daily health behavior includes no explanation, inaccurate explanation, explanation according to method or requirement, interpretation based on consequence, combination of function and consequence. Direct causes explain seven forms. 49.43% of the children explained according to the consequences. On this basis, the characteristics of children's cognition of related concepts of daily health behavior are discussed comprehensively, and it is pointed out that children's cognition of related concepts of daily health behavior may be affected by the level of development of children's thinking and children's life experience. The characteristics of the concept and the influence of educational factors are also discussed, and some suggestions on the education of children's daily health behavior are put forward. Last The researchers reflect on this study and put forward some points for further improvement.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：G610

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 徐帥哲;小學(xué)生對預(yù)防意外傷害的認(rèn)知及教育規(guī)律[D];華東師范大學(xué);2011年

2 馬磊;幼兒樸素生物學(xué)理論發(fā)展的調(diào)查研究[D];廣西師范大學(xué);2011年

3 楊余香;幼兒對安全相關(guān)概念認(rèn)知的研究[D];南京師范大學(xué);2008年

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