本文選題：熟悉環(huán)境 + 幼兒　； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文

【摘要】： 依戀(attachment),一般是指個體的人對某一特定個體的長久持續(xù)的情感聯(lián)系,在兒童心理發(fā)展研究上,依戀常常被定義為兒童與撫養(yǎng)者在相互作用的過程中產(chǎn)生的一種強烈而持久的情感聯(lián)結(jié),一般表現(xiàn)為兒童對撫養(yǎng)者的一種追隨、依附和親密行為以及由此帶來的歸屬感和安全感,一般在兒童2歲左右形成。依戀關(guān)系一旦形成,就會保持相對穩(wěn)定,并在兒童的社會性及情感發(fā)展過程中起重要作用。 本研究選取幼兒熟悉的生活環(huán)境——幼兒園,在幼兒每天入園和離園的兩個時間段,從幼兒與撫養(yǎng)者的分離和重聚的兩個自然情境中,歸納幼兒典型的依戀行為指標,再根據(jù)焦慮(分離)和親近(重聚)兩個維度自行編定熟悉情景下的“幼兒依戀行為問卷”,確定問卷有較好的信、效度,然后根據(jù)問卷結(jié)果判斷幼兒的依戀類型,并與以往陌生情境研究下的依戀類型及行為表現(xiàn)進行比較,探討差異。本研究采用橫斷研究,隨機抽取大、中、小班的幼兒,由幼兒家長填寫問卷,共收回有效問卷200份。主要研究結(jié)果如下: 1.編制了由21個題目組成的“幼兒依戀行為問卷”,經(jīng)檢驗有較好的信度、效度,可以進行心理測量。 2.經(jīng)過測量和統(tǒng)計分析,將熟悉環(huán)境中的幼兒依戀類型劃分為四類,分別定義為和諧型、淡漠型、緊張型和矛盾型,其中,和諧型和淡漠型依戀的比例顯著高于其他依戀類型,為安全性依戀,共占79.4%;緊張型和矛盾型為不安全性依戀,占20.6%。 3.研究結(jié)論顯示,熟悉環(huán)境下幼兒依戀類型與陌生情景下的幼兒依戀類型是有不同的。熟悉環(huán)境下和諧型依戀表現(xiàn)與陌生情景的安全型基本一致,而淡漠型兒童的表現(xiàn)是對幼兒園生活的習(xí)慣,為熟悉環(huán)境下所特有,也應(yīng)歸為安全依戀。緊張型和矛盾型屬于不安全依戀,但其表現(xiàn)與陌生情景下的反抗型依戀有所區(qū)別,是反抗型依戀的細化與補充。 4.研究結(jié)果顯示,隨著幼兒年齡的增長,各年齡段的依戀類型人數(shù)比例變化明顯,說明依戀類型在年齡上有顯著差異。從性別上看,女孩在和諧型依戀和淡漠型依戀中都有大量人數(shù),男孩在安全性依戀上的人數(shù)相對少一些,說明在不同依戀類型在性別上有顯著性差異。
[Abstract]:Attachment generally refers to an individual's long-lasting emotional connection to a particular individual, in the study of children's psychological development. Attachment is often defined as a strong and lasting emotional connection between the child and the caregiver in the course of interaction, which is generally expressed as a child's pursuit of the caregiver. Attachment and intimacy, and the resulting sense of belonging and security, typically develop around the age of two. Once attachment is formed, it will remain relatively stable and play an important role in children's social and emotional development. In this study, kindergarten, a familiar living environment for young children, was selected to sum up the typical attachment behavior indicators of children from the two natural situations of the separation and reunion of children and their caregivers in the two periods of time of children entering and leaving the kindergarten every day. According to the two dimensions of anxiety (separation) and closeness (reunion), the questionnaire was designed to determine the reliability and validity of the questionnaire, and then according to the results of the questionnaire, the attachment type of children was judged. And compared with the previous study of unfamiliar situations, the types of attachment and behavior were compared to explore the differences. In this study, 200 valid questionnaires were collected randomly from large, middle and small children. The main results are as follows: 1. In this paper, a questionnaire on the attachment behavior of toddlers is developed, which is composed of 21 subjects. The questionnaire has good reliability and validity, and can be used for psychological measurement. 2. 2. Through measurement and statistical analysis, the attachment types of children in familiar environment were divided into four categories, which were defined as harmony type, indifference type, tension type and contradiction type, among which, the proportion of harmonious and indifferent attachment was significantly higher than that of other attachment types. For safety attachment, 79.4%, tension type and contradictory type are unsafe attachment, accounting for 20.63.3%. The results show that the types of attachment in familiar environment are different from those in unfamiliar situations. The expression of harmonious attachment in familiar environment is basically consistent with the safe type of unfamiliar situation, while the performance of indifferent children is the habit of kindergarten life, which is unique to the familiar environment, and should also be classified as safe attachment. Tension type and contradiction type belong to unsafe attachment, but their performance is different from resistance type attachment in strange situation, and it is the refinement and supplement of resistance type attachment. 4. The results showed that the proportion of attachment types varied significantly with the increase of age, indicating that there were significant differences in the age of attachment types. From the gender point of view, girls have a large number of harmonious attachment and indifferent attachment, while the number of boys in security attachment is relatively small, which indicates that there are significant differences in sex between different attachment types.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：G610

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 曾曉強;大學(xué)生父母依戀及其對學(xué)校適應(yīng)的影響[D];西南大學(xué);2009年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 馮娟娟;2-3歲幼兒依戀、氣質(zhì)特征與母親依戀關(guān)系的研究[D];陜西師范大學(xué);2008年

2 林云強;自閉癥兒童的依戀及其與發(fā)展障礙各功能領(lǐng)域關(guān)系的研究[D];華東師范大學(xué);2009年

3 尹琳;母親對情緒調(diào)節(jié)的態(tài)度與兒童的依戀和情緒調(diào)節(jié)[D];華東師范大學(xué);2010年

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本文編號：2023181