本文選題：學(xué)齡前 + 兒童　； 參考：《中南大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文

【摘要】： 目的：對(duì)長(zhǎng)沙市岳麓區(qū)學(xué)齡前兒童氣質(zhì)類型及相關(guān)因素進(jìn)行研究，以了解長(zhǎng)沙市兒童的氣質(zhì)特點(diǎn)及影響因素，為學(xué)齡前兒童身心健康教育、家庭教育、早期教育提供科學(xué)的依據(jù)。 方法：應(yīng)用《3-7歲兒童氣質(zhì)量表》，針對(duì)兒童在活動(dòng)水平、規(guī)律性、趨避性、適應(yīng)性、情緒本質(zhì)、反應(yīng)強(qiáng)度、堅(jiān)持性、注意分散度、反應(yīng)閾等九個(gè)方面的氣質(zhì)特點(diǎn)，把兒童分為易養(yǎng)型、難養(yǎng)型、中間偏易養(yǎng)型或中間偏難養(yǎng)型、啟動(dòng)緩慢型等五個(gè)氣質(zhì)類型。然后根據(jù)《一般情況調(diào)查問(wèn)卷》的相關(guān)因素：包括學(xué)齡前兒童年齡、性別、家庭教育等15個(gè)因素與學(xué)齡前兒童的氣質(zhì)類型進(jìn)行相關(guān)性分析。 通過(guò)對(duì)長(zhǎng)沙市岳麓區(qū)采用兩級(jí)整群抽樣抽取4所幼兒園進(jìn)行現(xiàn)況調(diào)查，共發(fā)放調(diào)查問(wèn)卷620份，，回收有效調(diào)查問(wèn)卷590份，采用兒童氣質(zhì)評(píng)分和分析的軟件進(jìn)行處理，獲得兒童相關(guān)氣質(zhì)類型及詳細(xì)的氣質(zhì)維度解釋。同時(shí)使用SPSS13.0分析軟件，對(duì)氣質(zhì)類型進(jìn)行單因素分析、χ~2檢驗(yàn)和t檢驗(yàn)，對(duì)兒童氣質(zhì)的影響因素進(jìn)行了了logistic回歸分析、多元線性回歸分析。 結(jié)果： 1長(zhǎng)沙市岳麓區(qū)學(xué)齡前兒童的氣質(zhì)類型分布分別為：易養(yǎng)型與中間偏易養(yǎng)型合并稱E組，E組兒童氣質(zhì)占73.7％；難養(yǎng)型、中間偏難養(yǎng)型、啟動(dòng)緩慢型合并稱D組，D組兒童氣質(zhì)占26.3％。 2影響氣質(zhì)類型的因素為母親孕期營(yíng)養(yǎng)、父母教養(yǎng)方式、父母管教態(tài)度、母親妊娠時(shí)年齡、父母婚姻關(guān)系、兒童出生情況。 3與氣質(zhì)維度相關(guān)的因素主要包括以下幾個(gè)方面： (1)活動(dòng)水平相關(guān)的因素：性別、教養(yǎng)方式(打罵)、孕期營(yíng)養(yǎng)、照管人(祖父母)、父親文化。 (2)節(jié)律性相關(guān)的因素：管教態(tài)度、孕期營(yíng)養(yǎng)、教養(yǎng)方式(打罵)、教養(yǎng)方式(訓(xùn)斥)。 (3)趨避性相關(guān)的因素：管教態(tài)度、分娩方式(胎吸)、父親文化、出生情況(早產(chǎn))、妊娠年齡(母親)。 (4)適應(yīng)性相關(guān)的因素：管教態(tài)度、父親文化、教養(yǎng)方式(打罵)、父母關(guān)系、照管人(保姆)、照管人(祖父母)。 (5)反映強(qiáng)度相關(guān)的因素：母親文化、教養(yǎng)方式(打罵)、教養(yǎng)方式(訓(xùn)斥)、出生情況(剖宮產(chǎn))、出生體重。 (6)情緒本質(zhì)相關(guān)的因素：管教態(tài)度、入托年齡、父母關(guān)系、出生情況(過(guò)期產(chǎn))、教養(yǎng)方式(訓(xùn)斥)。 (7)堅(jiān)持性相關(guān)的因素：父親文化、管教態(tài)度、父母關(guān)系、出生情況(早產(chǎn))、照管人(祖父母)、孕期營(yíng)養(yǎng)。 (8)反應(yīng)閾相關(guān)的因素：家庭住房面積。 結(jié)論： 1本次研究得出易養(yǎng)型兒童比例約為難養(yǎng)型兒童三倍，難養(yǎng)型兒童比例僅占調(diào)查兒童的十分之一。 2學(xué)齡前兒童氣質(zhì)與個(gè)體因素、家庭環(huán)境、孕產(chǎn)期保健有密切關(guān)系。 3造成兒童難養(yǎng)型氣質(zhì)與父母管教態(tài)度有分歧或不一致、父母關(guān)系不夠和睦、以打罵、訓(xùn)斥為主的父母教養(yǎng)方式、母親孕期營(yíng)養(yǎng)差、早產(chǎn)等因素有關(guān)。 4氣質(zhì)維度與年齡、性別、父母親文化、管教態(tài)度、教養(yǎng)方式、父母關(guān)系、母親孕時(shí)情況、胎兒分娩方式及出生情況、照管人、入托年齡、住房情況等相關(guān)。
[Abstract]:Objective: To study the temperament types and related factors of preschool children in Yuelu District, Changsha, in order to understand the temperament characteristics and influencing factors of children in Changsha, and to provide scientific basis for the preschool children's physical and mental health education, family education and early education.
Methods: the children gas quality table <3-7 years old was applied to the children's temperament characteristics in nine aspects, such as activity level, regularity, avoidance, adaptability, emotional nature, reaction intensity, persistence, attention dispersion, reaction threshold and so on, and divided the children into five qualities, such as easy to foster, refractory, medium or intermediate, and slow to start. According to the related factors of the general survey questionnaire, 15 factors, including the age of preschool children, sex, family education and so on, were correlated with the temperament types of preschool children.
Through the survey of 4 kindergartens using two class cluster sampling in Yuelu District, Changsha, 620 questionnaires were issued and 590 questionnaires were collected. The children temperament and analysis software were processed to obtain the children's temperament types and the detailed explanation of temperament dimensions. At the same time, the SPSS13.0 analysis software was used. Univariate analysis of temperament types, chi square test and t test were used to analyze the influencing factors of children's temperament by logistic regression analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. ~2 regression analysis showed that there was no significant difference in temperament.
Result錛

本文編號(hào)：2001856