本文關(guān)鍵詞： 美國 蒙臺(tái)梭利 學(xué)校　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2008年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 蒙臺(tái)梭利是20世紀(jì)偉大的教育家之一,我們都熟知她是一種獨(dú)特幼兒教育方法的建立者,是一種廣受稱譽(yù)的幼兒園形式的發(fā)明者。然而,這卻并不是蒙臺(tái)梭利方法的全部,甚至不能算是其中最重要的部分。事實(shí)上,蒙臺(tái)梭利方法向后延伸至青少年,向前延伸到新生兒,是一個(gè)連續(xù)的統(tǒng)一整體。如今許多國家的教育者都已逐步認(rèn)識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)并開始將對蒙臺(tái)梭利方法的研究和實(shí)踐擴(kuò)展至更廣泛的年齡階段,尤以美國在此方面所取得成就最為突出。 改革開放以來,隨著教育多元化在我國的發(fā)展,蒙臺(tái)梭利方法重新被引入了我國的幼兒教育領(lǐng)域,至今也已發(fā)展了二十多年,并對我國幼兒教育領(lǐng)域的改革起到了很大的推動(dòng)作用。然而,對蒙臺(tái)梭利方法在6歲以上兒童及青少年的教育的實(shí)施研究基本還處于空白狀態(tài)。 筆者在本論文中選取美國的蒙臺(tái)梭利學(xué)校作為研究對象,因?yàn)槊绹鞘澜缟厦膳_(tái)梭利學(xué)校最多的國家,也是各個(gè)年齡層次的蒙臺(tái)梭利學(xué)校發(fā)展得最完備的國家,不僅有使用蒙臺(tái)梭利方法的學(xué)前教育,還有蒙臺(tái)梭利中小學(xué),甚至大學(xué)。尤其近幾年來這種方法已越來越多的影響到美國現(xiàn)今的教育改革和教育實(shí)踐,并受到前所未有的關(guān)注。蒙臺(tái)梭利學(xué)校在美國的發(fā)展為美國公立學(xué)校改革提供了一個(gè)很好的可供借鑒的典范,對美國教育研究也產(chǎn)生了極大的影響,同時(shí)也促進(jìn)了蒙臺(tái)梭利思想在世界其他國家的實(shí)踐與研究。另外,美國在發(fā)展蒙臺(tái)梭利學(xué)校時(shí)所面對的問題和我國如今所面臨的困境也有許多相似之處,因此美國蒙臺(tái)梭利學(xué)校的發(fā)展及特征對我國來說特別具有借鑒意義。 本文首先對蒙臺(tái)梭利的生平進(jìn)行了簡要介紹,然后通過查閱大量文獻(xiàn)對蒙臺(tái)梭利0-18歲教育思想進(jìn)行了梳理,并在此基礎(chǔ)上研究了蒙臺(tái)梭利的這些思想是如何在美國蒙臺(tái)梭利學(xué)校中實(shí)踐的,以及這些實(shí)踐又如何影響了美國的教育研究發(fā)展和公立學(xué)校改革。最后,結(jié)合我國目前的國情和蒙臺(tái)梭利方法在我國的發(fā)展情況,闡述了蒙臺(tái)梭利學(xué)校在我國發(fā)展的意義、問題和前景,希望能為我國成功發(fā)展蒙臺(tái)梭利學(xué)校、促進(jìn)教育改革提供一些可借鑒的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
[Abstract]:Montessori was one of the great educators in 20th century, and we all know her as the founder of a unique method of early childhood education, the inventor of a widely acclaimed form of kindergarten. However, this is not the whole Montessori method. It's not even the most important part of it. In fact, the Montessori approach extends backwards to teenagers, to newborns. It is a continuum of unity. Today educators in many countries have come to realize this and have begun to extend the study and practice of the Montessori method to a wider age stage, In particular, the United States has achieved the most in this area. Since the reform and opening up, with the development of educational diversification in China, Montessori's method has been reintroduced into the field of early childhood education in China, and has been developed for more than 20 years. However, the study on the implementation of Montessori's method in the education of children and adolescents over 6 years old is still in a blank state. In this thesis, the author chooses the Montessori School in the United States as the research object, because the United States is the country with the most Montessori schools in the world, and the Montessori School of all ages has the most complete development. There is not only preschool education using the Montessori method, but also Montessori primary and secondary schools and even universities. Especially in recent years, this method has more and more affected the educational reform and practice in the United States today. The development of Montessori schools in the United States has provided a good model for public school reform in the United States, and has had a great impact on American educational research. It has also promoted the practice and research of Montessori's thought in other countries of the world. In addition, the problems faced by the United States in developing Montessori schools are similar to the difficulties faced by our country today. Therefore, the development and characteristics of Montessori School in America are of special significance to our country. This paper first briefly introduces Montessori's life, and then combs Montessori's educational thoughts of 0-18 years old by consulting a lot of literature. On the basis of this, this paper studies how Montessori's thoughts are put into practice in Montessori schools in the United States, and how these practices affect the development of educational research and the reform of public schools in the United States. According to the current situation of our country and the development of Montessori method in our country, this paper expounds the significance, problems and prospects of the development of Montessori school in our country, hoping to develop the Montessori school successfully in our country. The promotion of educational reform provides some lessons for reference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號(hào)】：G610

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前5條

1 鄧艷華;蒙臺(tái)梭利教學(xué)法運(yùn)用的個(gè)案研究[D];湖南師范大學(xué);2011年

2 付娜;蒙氏幼兒園教師教學(xué)行為研究[D];浙江師范大學(xué);2010年

3 高展鵬;“蒙臺(tái)梭利教師教育”研究[D];福建師范大學(xué);2012年

4 李林益;民辦幼兒園內(nèi)部管理體制個(gè)案研究[D];云南大學(xué);2013年

5 茅瀟瀟;蒙氏幼兒早期教育本土化實(shí)踐研究[D];華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號(hào)：1522441