發(fā)布時間：2018-12-26 18:45

【摘要】：大學(xué)生處于青少年晚期，屬于職業(yè)探索階段的過渡期，其發(fā)展任務(wù)是在探索過程中發(fā)展職業(yè)定向，并形成具體的職業(yè)選擇。大學(xué)生如何做出職業(yè)選擇，關(guān)系到他們今后的職業(yè)發(fā)展和他們將會對國家做出的貢獻。現(xiàn)有的職業(yè)發(fā)展理論主要以西方理論為主，與西方文化相比，中國社會文化更具有家族主義的傾向。在中國特殊的文化背景下，研究家庭因素對大學(xué)生的職業(yè)選擇的影響具有重要的理論和現(xiàn)實意義。 本研究采用質(zhì)性研究方法，對12名研究對象（其中大三、大四、研二、研三各3名，男生7名，女生5名）的成長、求學(xué)、求職等經(jīng)歷進行了盡可能詳細的了解。并且在此基礎(chǔ)上構(gòu)建了扎根理論，分析和探討家庭各因素，如家庭居住地、經(jīng)濟水平、學(xué)歷背景等因素對訪談對象的生涯發(fā)展與選擇的影響。通過對訪談資料的分析，得出以下結(jié)果： （1）家庭可以通過兩個途徑影響大學(xué)生的職業(yè)選擇。一方面家庭可以通過影響求職結(jié)果直接影響大學(xué)生的職業(yè)選擇，另外一方面，，家庭通過影響大學(xué)生的職業(yè)自我概念的形成，影響大學(xué)生的職業(yè)選擇。大學(xué)生的職業(yè)選擇與職業(yè)自我概念存在密切的關(guān)系，職業(yè)自我概念是大學(xué)生進行職業(yè)選擇的基礎(chǔ)，職業(yè)自我概念在職業(yè)發(fā)展與選擇中得到進一步的發(fā)展與完善。 （2）大學(xué)生的職業(yè)自我概念由生理自我、生涯自我和關(guān)系自我三個成分構(gòu)成。生理自我是個體外在的、可以直接觀察到的表顯特征，包括性別、外表和年齡；生涯自我包括個體的興趣、能力和價值觀；關(guān)系自我指個體職業(yè)選擇過程中感受到的來自家庭的支持，包括情感支持和關(guān)系支持兩個維度。 （3）家庭在大學(xué)生的職業(yè)自我概念形成與發(fā)展過程中發(fā)揮著重要作用。首先，家庭的遺傳決定了個體的生理特征。其次，家庭居住地、經(jīng)濟水平、教育價值取向等對個體的興趣開發(fā)、能力培養(yǎng)和價值觀的形成起著關(guān)鍵作用。第三，家庭提供的關(guān)系支持對大學(xué)生的求職結(jié)果有著直接的影響。 （4）隨著受教育水平的提高，接觸的群體和事物的變化，家庭的影響會逐漸減弱，大學(xué)生的職業(yè)意識會逐漸明晰，并發(fā)展出新的職業(yè)自我概念。 大學(xué)生的職業(yè)選擇并不僅僅受到家庭因素的影響，學(xué)生本人和學(xué)校也發(fā)揮著重要的作用。為了促使個體在生涯發(fā)展的各個階段能夠更好地完成發(fā)展任務(wù)，做出更貼近“人適其職”的選擇，本研究最后對學(xué)生、家庭和學(xué)校分別提出了一些建議。
[Abstract]:College students are in the late stage of adolescence, which belongs to the transition period of career exploration, and its development task is to develop vocational orientation and form specific career choices in the process of exploration. How college students make career choices is related to their future career development and their contribution to the country. The existing theories of career development mainly focus on western theories. Compared with western culture, Chinese social culture has a tendency of familism. Under the special cultural background of China, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the influence of family factors on college students' career choice. In this study, 12 subjects (junior, senior, second and third, male 7, female 5) were studied in detail. Based on this theory, the author analyzes and discusses the influence of family factors, such as family residence, economic level, educational background and so on, on the career development and choice of the interviewees. The results are as follows: (1) families can influence college students' career choices through two ways. On the one hand, the family can directly affect the career choice of college students by influencing the job search results. On the other hand, the family can affect the career choice of college students by influencing the formation of professional self-concept of college students. There is a close relationship between college students' career choice and career self-concept, which is the basis of college students' career choice, and vocational self-concept has been further developed and perfected in the process of career development and choice. (2) the professional self concept of college students consists of physiological self, career self and relational self. The physical self is external and can be observed directly, including gender, appearance and age, while the career self includes the interests, abilities and values of the individual. Relationship self refers to the support from family in the process of individual career choice, which includes two dimensions: emotional support and relationship support. (3) Family plays an important role in the formation and development of professional self-concept of college students. First of all, the inheritance of the family determines the physiological characteristics of the individual. Secondly, family residence, economic level and educational value orientation play a key role in the development of individual interest, ability development and the formation of values. Third, the relationship support provided by family has a direct impact on college students'job search results. (4) with the improvement of education level and the changes of contact groups and things, the influence of family will be weakened gradually, the professional consciousness of college students will be gradually clarified, and a new professional self-concept will be developed. The career choice of college students is not only influenced by family factors, but also by students themselves and schools. In order to promote the individual to complete the development task better in each stage of his career development and make the choice closer to "the person is fit for his duty", this study finally puts forward some suggestions to the students, families and schools.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：G647.38

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