【摘要】：兒童擁有“看不見的好朋友”現(xiàn)象時常出現(xiàn)在影視作品中,而觀察我們的日常生活,也不難發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子們獨自玩耍時與空氣對話、或?qū)⑼婢弋?dāng)做有思想有個性的伙伴對待的情形,這些都是兒童的“假想伙伴”現(xiàn)象,包括完全看不見的“隱形伙伴”和以玩具等實物為依托的“擬人化物體伙伴”。假想伙伴來自于兒童的想象和創(chuàng)造,這種幻想創(chuàng)造的活動也會出現(xiàn)在某些成年人的身上,表現(xiàn)為相對來說更為隱秘的類似假想伙伴的現(xiàn)象�？偟膩碚f擁有假想伙伴的個體似乎表現(xiàn)出種與眾不同的看待世界的方式,綜合前人研究文獻(xiàn),將這種獨特的視角和行為傾向總結(jié)為“創(chuàng)造性人格”。本研究旨在考察假想伙伴現(xiàn)象的存在情況,及其與創(chuàng)造性人格之間的關(guān)系。 本研究采用問卷調(diào)查法,其中對假想伙伴調(diào)查問卷在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)之上結(jié)合實際情況編制而成,對創(chuàng)造性人格的測量采用具有良好信效度、經(jīng)本士化、并被廣泛應(yīng)用的成熟量表《威廉姆斯創(chuàng)造性個性傾向測驗》,同時輔以標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化了的幻想性量表作為創(chuàng)造性人格特征的補充。選取南京師范大學(xué)、南京林業(yè)大學(xué)和南京藝術(shù)學(xué)院,本科一到四年級共530名學(xué)生進(jìn)行施測,最后回收有效問卷448份。 本研究發(fā)現(xiàn),(1)假想伙伴現(xiàn)象以一定比例存在于我國當(dāng)代大學(xué)生的童年期,并且一部分學(xué)生成年后仍然擁有假想伙伴；(2)假想伙伴現(xiàn)象表現(xiàn)出明顯的性別差異,總體上更多女性擁有假想伙伴,并且.女性的假想伙伴更傾向于表現(xiàn)為“擬人化物體伙伴”的形式,而男性更傾向于表現(xiàn)為相對內(nèi)隱的“隱形伙伴”的形式；(3)藝術(shù)類專業(yè)大學(xué)生中假想伙伴現(xiàn)象的存在比例要高于非藝術(shù)生；(4)假想伙伴現(xiàn)象與創(chuàng)造性人格、以及與創(chuàng)造性人格特征相關(guān)的幻想性之間存在密切的聯(lián)系；(5)童年假想伙伴現(xiàn)象對成年后的創(chuàng)造性人格、幻想性和藝術(shù)性等有正向的預(yù)測作用；(6)假想伙伴的形象被刻畫得越精細(xì),其對于創(chuàng)造性人格形成的作用越明顯。
[Abstract]:The phenomenon that children have "invisible good friends" often appears in film and television, and it is not difficult to observe our daily life when children play alone and talk to the air, or treat toys as if they have thought and personality. These are children's "imaginary partners", including completely invisible "invisible partners" and "anthropomorphic partners" based on objects such as toys. The imaginary partner comes from the imagination and creation of the child, and the activity of the imaginary creation will also appear in some adults, and it will be shown as a relatively more secretive phenomenon similar to the imaginary partner. In general, individuals with imaginary partners seem to show a different way of looking at the world. Combining the previous research literature, this unique perspective and behavioral tendency is summed up as "creative personality". The purpose of this study is to investigate the existence of hypothetical partnership and its relationship with creative personality. This research adopts the questionnaire method, in which the fictitious partner questionnaire is compiled on the basis of the previous studies, and it has good reliability and validity in the measurement of creative personality. The widely used mature scale, Williams Creative Personality disposition Test, was supplemented by standardized fantasy scale. A total of 530 students were selected from Nanjing normal University, Nanjing Forestry University and Nanjing College of Art, and 448 valid questionnaires were collected. This study finds that (1) the phenomenon of hypothetical partnership exists in a certain proportion in the childhood of contemporary college students in China, and some of the students still have imaginary partners after adulthood; (2) the phenomenon of hypothetical partnership shows obvious gender difference, and more women have imaginary partners in general. Women's imaginary partners are more likely to appear as "anthropomorphic object partners", while men are more inclined to express themselves as relatively implicit "invisible partners". (3) the proportion of hypothetical partnership in art majors is higher than that of non-art students, (4) there is a close relationship between hypothetical partnership and creative personality, as well as fantasy associated with creative personality. (5) the phenomenon of hypothetical partnership in childhood has a positive predictive effect on the creative personality, fantasy and artistry in adulthood, and (6) the more elaborate the image of the imaginary partner is, the more obvious its effect on the formation of creative personality is.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：G641

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