河南某大學(xué)新生視力現(xiàn)狀及影響因素研究
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the present situation and characteristics of visual acuity among freshmen enrolled in a university in Henan Province, and to study the influencing factors of vision impairment among young students and the effective methods to prevent and cure it. To provide scientific basis for the further development of vision prevention and health care for young students. Methods A cluster sampling method was adopted to select freshmen from a university in Henan Province as the objects of investigation. A total of 16751 freshmen were investigated in 2006-2010 by means of a general survey of eyesight and questionnaire. The investigation data were recorded by Epidata3.0 and analyzed by SPSS12.0. Result 1. General situation: of the 16751 college students surveyed, 8634 were males and 8117 females; 9257 were urban registered students, 7494 were rural registered students; 8441 were under 19 years old; 8310 were over 19 years old. The overall detection rate of poor vision was 86.02% (14409 / 16751). The average detection rate of light, moderate and severe visual acuity was 8.01% and 15.6995%, respectively. The detection rate of poor eyesight in 2010 was 3.28% lower than that in 2006, the difference was statistically significant (x20.14.574% P 0.05). 2. Comparison of visual acuity in different gender, household registration and age groups: the average prevalence rate of visual impairment in boys (85.17%) was lower than that in girls (86.92%) in 2006-2010, and the difference was statistically significant (x2P 10.550). The detection rate of poor eyesight of male students in different years was lower than that of girls (P0.05). From 2006 to 2010, there was a difference in the average rate of vision impairment between urban and rural registered students (x20.28.907), and the average rate of poor eyesight of urban registered students was higher than that of rural students. From 2006 to 2010, the rate of poor eyesight of urban household registration students showed a downward trend, while the rate of rural household registration students showed an overall rising trend. In 2006, the rate of poor eyesight of urban household registration students was higher than that of rural household registration students (x2f46.252, P0.05). From 2006 to 2010, the gap between urban household registration and rural household registration was reduced year by year. From 2006 to 2010, the average detection rate of visual acuity in the group over 19 years old was higher than that in the group aged 19 years and below, and the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). The detection rate of visual acuity was different between the two groups in the same year (P0.05). 3. The influencing factors of poor eyesight were: parents' myopia, reading distance, break mode, extracurricular activity time, whether or not to do eye exercises every day, had a significant effect on visual acuity (P0.05); The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that the major factors affecting the poor visual acuity were the myopia of parents, the time of eye use after school, the way of rest between classes, the time of outdoor activities every day, and whether or not to do eye exercises every day. Extracurricular physical exercise, outdoor activities during recess, outdoor activities every day longer, adhere to doing eye exercises every day for the protection of poor eyesight; The risk factors of poor eyesight were myopia of parents, close distance of reading, dim lighting of classroom, long time of watching computer TV and long time of using eyes after class. Conclusion from 2006 to 2010, the rate of vision failure of freshmen enrolled in a certain university in Henan Province showed a downward trend, but it was still in a high level, and there were differences in gender, household registration and age. The relationship between poor eyesight and genetic factors, eye habit, eye use time and eye health care was significant. The visual acuity of freshmen in colleges and universities is the result of many factors, and the protection of students' eyesight should be paid more attention and participation by the health department, schools and the whole society, and comprehensive measures should be taken to prevent and cure the students' visual acuity as soon as possible.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2012
【分類號(hào)】:G647.8
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