【摘要】：大學(xué)生就業(yè)問題一直都是社會熱點(diǎn)問題,理論界和學(xué)術(shù)界關(guān)于大學(xué)生就業(yè)問題的研究很早就已經(jīng)開始了,并從經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、社會學(xué)、管理學(xué)、教育學(xué)及心理學(xué)等多學(xué)科視角對大學(xué)生就業(yè)問題展開了研究,已取得了較多的研究成果。但就目前取得的研究成果來看,大多數(shù)研究是在注重原有學(xué)科的理論體系和研究框架的基礎(chǔ)上,對大學(xué)生就業(yè)問題進(jìn)行研究的,從不同學(xué)科視角進(jìn)行交叉研究大學(xué)生就業(yè)問題卻還處于剛起步階段。 本文主要從人力資本和社會資本兩個(gè)角度出發(fā),研究人力資本和社會資本對大學(xué)生擇業(yè)取向的影響,試圖從大學(xué)生主觀方面去解釋大學(xué)生就業(yè)取向?qū)ζ渚蜆I(yè)的影響。為此,本文設(shè)定了如下內(nèi)容框架： 第一章,對研究的問題、情況進(jìn)行基本的闡述。第二章,對相關(guān)概念進(jìn)行界定,并總結(jié)理論基礎(chǔ)。從理論上進(jìn)一步分析擇業(yè)取向是如何影響大學(xué)生就業(yè)的。第三章,介紹問卷的設(shè)計(jì)及數(shù)據(jù)的收集情況,并對調(diào)查結(jié)果做描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)。第四章,通過構(gòu)建多元選擇回歸模型,從計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)角度分析影響大學(xué)生擇業(yè)取向的主要因素及其影響程度。第五章,構(gòu)建緩解大學(xué)生就業(yè)的對策建議。 本文采取隨機(jī)抽樣的方法對5所高校的1597名學(xué)生進(jìn)行問卷調(diào)查,被調(diào)查的大學(xué)生所在年級包含了大四到研三這4個(gè)年級。問卷通過對調(diào)查對象人力資本、社會資本、擇業(yè)取向等方面內(nèi)容的調(diào)查,并通過對調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)分析和計(jì)量分析,確定大學(xué)生擇業(yè)取向的主要影響因素。由于反映大學(xué)生擇業(yè)取向影響因素的變量大多為離散型變量,因此,本文采用多元選擇的logistic回歸模型。通過構(gòu)建模型,在控制其它變量的基礎(chǔ)上,定量分析人力資本、社會資本對大學(xué)生擇業(yè)取向的影響。研究結(jié)果顯示：人力資本、社會資本對大學(xué)生擇業(yè)取向產(chǎn)生顯著影響。在理想就業(yè)區(qū)域選擇上,人力資本中的英語過六級、有社會實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),社會資本中的父母職業(yè)所在社會階層為高等階層、家庭社會資源豐富的學(xué)生傾向于選擇經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)就業(yè)。在期望月薪水平選擇上,人力資本中的英語過六級、有社會實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),社會資本中的父母最高學(xué)歷為本科以上、家庭社會資源豐富的學(xué)生所期望的月薪水平也越高。 通過本文的研究,有助于從大學(xué)生自身去尋找就業(yè)難的內(nèi)在原因,對大學(xué)生群體的擇業(yè)取向有較為全面的理解。并在此基礎(chǔ)上通過規(guī)范的分析與研究,提出了進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)大學(xué)生就業(yè)的參考性建議：第一,政府相關(guān)部門要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造條件,促進(jìn)大學(xué)生就業(yè)；第二,高校要引導(dǎo)學(xué)生樹立正確的擇業(yè)觀念,指導(dǎo)學(xué)生就業(yè)；第三,大學(xué)生應(yīng)積極提高自己的就業(yè)能力,增強(qiáng)人力資本和社會資本的積累。
[Abstract]:The issue of college students' employment has always been a hot social issue. The research on the employment of college students in the theoretical and academic circles has begun very early, and from the aspects of economics, sociology, and management, This paper studies the employment of college students from the perspective of pedagogy and psychology, and has made more achievements. However, from the point of view of the current research results, most of the studies are based on the theoretical system and research framework of the original disciplines, and on the basis of which the employment of college students is studied. However, it is still in its infancy to study the employment problem of college students from different perspectives. This paper mainly studies the influence of human capital and social capital on college students' career choice from the angle of human capital and social capital, and tries to explain the influence of college students' employment orientation on their employment from the subjective aspect of college students. For this reason, this paper has set up the following content frame: the first chapter, carries on the basic elaboration to the research question, the situation. The second chapter defines the related concepts and summarizes the theoretical basis. In theory, it further analyzes how the career orientation affects the employment of college students. The third chapter introduces the design of the questionnaire and data collection, and the results of descriptive statistics. In the fourth chapter, the main factors affecting college students' career orientation and their influence degree are analyzed from the perspective of econometrics by building a regression model of multiple choices. The fifth chapter, constructs the countermeasure suggestion which alleviates the university student employment. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 1597 students in 5 universities by random sampling. The students' grades included four grades from senior year to junior year. Through the investigation of human capital, social capital, career orientation and so on, and through the descriptive statistical analysis and quantitative analysis of the survey data, the main influencing factors of college students' career orientation were determined. Because most of the variables that reflect the influencing factors of college students' career orientation are discrete variables, the logistic regression model of multiple choices is adopted in this paper. On the basis of controlling other variables, the influence of human capital and social capital on college students' career choice is analyzed. The results show that human capital and social capital have a significant impact on the career orientation of college students. In the choice of ideal employment area, the English level in human capital is over CET-6, and has social practical experience. The social stratum of parents' occupation in social capital is the higher class. Students with rich family and social resources tend to choose employment in economically developed areas. In the choice of expected monthly salary level, the English level in human capital is over CET-6, there is social practice experience, the highest degree of parents in social capital is undergraduate or above, and the expected monthly salary level of students with rich family and social resources is also higher. Through the study of this paper, it is helpful to find out the internal reasons of the difficulty of employment from the college students themselves, and to have a more comprehensive understanding of the career orientation of the college students. On this basis, through the normative analysis and research, the author puts forward some suggestions for further promoting the employment of college students: first, the relevant government departments should create conditions to promote the employment of college students; Second, colleges and universities should guide students to set up a correct concept of choosing a job and guide them to obtain employment; third, college students should actively improve their employability and strengthen the accumulation of human capital and social capital.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚(yáng)州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F249.21;G647.38;F224

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本文編號：2358012