【摘要】：縱觀世界教育史不難發(fā)現(xiàn),各國(guó)對(duì)高層次人才或者說(shuō)精英人才教育培養(yǎng)的腳步始終未曾停歇,在我國(guó)亦是如此。然而在諸多教育浪潮的沖刷下,有關(guān)拔尖創(chuàng)新人才培養(yǎng)的聲音一度沉寂。2009年,隨著錢(qián)學(xué)森的辭世,一封題為：《讓我們直面“錢(qián)學(xué)森之問(wèn)”》的公開(kāi)信,卻將這一問(wèn)題推向了教育領(lǐng)域的風(fēng)口浪尖,在教育界被冠之以“錢(qián)學(xué)森之問(wèn)”的艱深命題成為社會(huì)輿論的焦點(diǎn),拔尖創(chuàng)新人才的培養(yǎng)成為了教育領(lǐng)域炙手可熱的話題。以此為背景,本文首先界定了拔尖創(chuàng)新人才的概念,認(rèn)為所謂拔尖創(chuàng)新人才意指在我們所生活的這個(gè)富于個(gè)性和突破的時(shí)代中,在各行各業(yè)那些試圖通過(guò)變革來(lái)引領(lǐng)發(fā)展,從而為整個(gè)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的順利轉(zhuǎn)型做出突出貢獻(xiàn)的杰出人物,精深的專(zhuān)業(yè)造詣、強(qiáng)烈的社會(huì)責(zé)任感以及勇于批判和變革的勇氣應(yīng)作為其基本的素質(zhì)特征。同時(shí)筆者梳理了新中國(guó)成立后,特別是改革開(kāi)放以來(lái),我國(guó)拔尖創(chuàng)新人才的歷史軌跡,并對(duì)其人才培養(yǎng)的模式和路徑進(jìn)行了解析。在此基礎(chǔ)上,筆者認(rèn)為要打破我國(guó)當(dāng)前拔尖創(chuàng)新人才培養(yǎng)的桎梏,需要我們構(gòu)建一個(gè)民主的精英教育體系,以大眾教育為基礎(chǔ),摒棄功利化的教育價(jià)值取向,真正的尊重個(gè)體,給予每個(gè)學(xué)生符合其個(gè)性特征的教育,將他們引入適性的領(lǐng)域,唯有從培養(yǎng)一個(gè)真正的“人”開(kāi)始,大批的拔尖創(chuàng)新人才才能像錢(qián)老所希望的那樣,不斷的“冒”出來(lái)。
[Abstract]:Looking at the history of education in the world, it is not difficult to find that countries have never stopped training high-level talents or elite talents, and the same is true in our country. In 2009, with Qian Xuesen's death, an open letter titled "Let's face the question of Qian Xuesen." However, this problem has been pushed to the forefront of the education field, and the difficult proposition of "Qian Xuesen's question" has become the focus of public opinion in the field of education, and the cultivation of outstanding and innovative talents has become a hot topic in the field of education. Against this background, this paper first defines the concept of top-notch innovative talents, and believes that the so-called "top-notch innovative talents" mean that in the era of individuality and breakthrough we live in, in various industries, those who try to lead the development through change. Thus the outstanding figures who have made outstanding contributions to the smooth transformation of the whole society and economy, their profound professional attainments, strong social responsibility and courage to criticize and reform should be regarded as their basic quality characteristics. After the founding of New China, especially since the reform and opening up, the author combed the historical track of the top innovative talents in our country, and analyzed the mode and path of its talent training. On this basis, the author believes that in order to break the shackles of the cultivation of innovative talents at the top of our country, we need to build a democratic elite education system, based on mass education, abandon the utilitarian educational value orientation, and truly respect the individual. To give every student an education in accordance with his personality and to introduce them into a suitable field, only by cultivating a real "person", can a large number of top-notch innovative talents emerge constantly, as Qian Lao hoped.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G642.0

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