【摘要】：英國女子高等教育從十九世紀后半葉開始萌芽并發(fā)展至今,已經(jīng)走過了一個多世紀的歷程。英國社會經(jīng)濟、教育、文化傳統(tǒng)共同鑄就了英國女子高等教育的歷史。縱觀英國女子高等教育的發(fā)展,其中充滿了曲折與艱辛。本文從歷史回顧開始,根據(jù)發(fā)展過程中的具體表現(xiàn)及不同的社會背景,將英國女子高等教育發(fā)展劃分為三個時期。在萌芽時期,英國女子高等教育的先驅者們創(chuàng)辦了女子高等教育史上著名的兩所女子學院,英國各大學也開始向女性敞開大門,但在這一時期女性并沒有獲得與男性完全同等的高等教育權。在獲得初步發(fā)展之后,英國女子高等教育迎來了一段曲折發(fā)展的過程,這一時期女子高等教育發(fā)展緩慢,但仍然取得了一些令人可喜的進步。從六十年代開始,在女性主義思潮的影響下,伴隨著整個英國高等教育的迅猛發(fā)展,女子高等教育終于迎來了快速發(fā)展時期。受到多方面因素的影響英國女子高等教育發(fā)展過程中也出現(xiàn)了一些問題。通過對女子高等教育發(fā)展脈絡的梳理,本文總結出了其展過程中最主要的四個方面問題：教育機會問題、專業(yè)選擇問題、就業(yè)問題和女子學院發(fā)展問題。教育機會問題主要存在于女子高等教育發(fā)展初期,受到社會階層、家庭、經(jīng)濟條件等多方面的影響。女大學生在專業(yè)選擇上一直有著明顯的性別傾向性,在英國女子高等教育發(fā)展過程中這一問題依舊存在。女性就業(yè)問題是近年來關注的熱點,英國的女子高等教育雖然沒能很好的解決這一問題,仍有一些積極的做法值得我們學習。女子學院曾在英國女子高等教育發(fā)展過程中起到了關鍵性作用,如今也不得不面對男女合校教育帶來的挑戰(zhàn),開始了新的改革。英國女子高等教育的發(fā)展取得了一定的成功,但是仍有一些不足之處值得反思。 本文在綜合分析了英國女子高等教育的長處與不足基礎上,總結了英國女子高等教育發(fā)展經(jīng)驗,并與我國女子高等教育的發(fā)展進行比較,針對目前我國女子高等教育領域存在的問題,提出了一些合理的發(fā)展建議。首先可以適當建立專門的女子大學或大學下屬女子學院,發(fā)揮其特長優(yōu)勢,形成自身特色,培養(yǎng)優(yōu)秀女性人才,為廣大女性接受高等教育提供多一種選擇。其次加大女子高等教育的立法,進一步完善并保障女性接受高等教育的權利。第三,在就業(yè)問題上給予女性學生更多的關注,想方設法為女性學生爭取更多的就業(yè)機會。此外要關注那些家庭條件困難的女生,全面落實各項資助政策,幫助貧困女大學生完成學業(yè)。另外,針對目前高校中一些專業(yè)學科以男性為導向進行教育資源配置的問題,建議高校進行相關課程改革,改善學科領域的性別分布結構,注重男女性別差異,發(fā)掘女性的潛在能力。最后,女子高等教育的發(fā)展離不開女性自身獨立意識的增強,要適時地開展女性教育,幫助女性客觀的認識自己、評價自己,摒棄傳統(tǒng)觀念,確立現(xiàn)代女性觀。
[Abstract]:Since the beginning of the nineteenth century, British women's higher education began to sprout and developed so far, and has gone through the process of more than a century. Britain's socio-economic, educational and cultural traditions share the history of British women's higher education. Throughout the development of British women's higher education, it is full of twists and hardships. From the beginning of history, this paper divides the development of women's higher education into three periods according to the concrete expression in the course of development and the different social background. During the sprout period, the women of higher education in Britain established two famous women's colleges in the history of women's higher education, and British universities began to open their doors to women, but in this period women did not have the same right to higher education as men. After the initial development, British women's higher education ushered in a tortuous development process, during which the development of higher education in women was slow, but there were still some encouraging progress. From the beginning of the sixties, with the rapid development of the whole English higher education, the women's higher education finally ushered in a period of rapid development. Influenced by many factors, there are some problems in the development of British women's higher education. Through combing the development of women's higher education, this paper summarizes the main four aspects in the course of the exhibition: the problem of educational opportunity, the choice of specialty, the problem of employment and the development of women's college. The problem of educational opportunities lies in the development of women's higher education, which is influenced by social class, family and economic conditions. Female college students have had obvious gender tendency in professional choice, and this problem still exists in the course of British women's higher education development. Women's employment problem is a hot spot in recent years. Although the British women's higher education has not solved this problem well, there are still some positive practices that deserve our study. Women's College has played a key role in the development of women's higher education in England, and now has to face the challenges posed by the education of women and men, and began a new reform. There are some successes in the development of women's higher education in Britain, but there are still some shortcomings worthy of reflection. On the basis of comprehensive analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of British women's higher education, this paper summarizes the experiences of women's higher education development in England and compares with the development of women's higher education in China. The problem is that some reasonable development has been put forward It is suggested that the special women's college or university subordinate women's college can be set up properly to give full play to its advantages, to develop its own characteristics, to train excellent female talents, and to provide more opportunities for women to receive higher education. Second, strengthen the legislation of women's higher education, further improve and guarantee women's acceptance of higher education Right. Third, give women more attention to employment issues and find ways to seek more employment for female students Opportunities. In addition, attention should be paid to girls with difficult family conditions, full implementation of funding policies, and the completion of poor female college students In addition, aiming at the problems that some specialized subjects in colleges and universities take male-oriented education resources allocation, it is suggested that colleges should carry out relevant curriculum reform, improve the gender distribution structure in the field of subjects, pay attention to gender differences of men and women, and explore the potential of women. Finally, the development of women's higher education is inseparable from the enhancement of women's own independent consciousness, it is necessary to carry out female education, to help women to know themselves objectively, to evaluate themselves, to abandon traditional ideas and to establish modern women.
【學位授予單位】：安徽大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：G649.561

【引證文獻】

相關博士學位論文 前1條

1 姚琳;19世紀中后期英國女子教育研究[D];西南大學;2013年

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本文編號：2271013