【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)的高等教育進(jìn)入大眾化階段,如何提升人才培養(yǎng)質(zhì)量成為現(xiàn)階段我國(guó)高等學(xué)校值得關(guān)注的理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題之一。高校進(jìn)行大學(xué)生就業(yè)能力開(kāi)發(fā)是提升人才培養(yǎng)質(zhì)量的重要途徑之一,但自高校擴(kuò)招來(lái),大學(xué)畢業(yè)生就業(yè)能力不足問(wèn)題日益突出�；诖吮尘�,本文將大學(xué)生就業(yè)能力及其開(kāi)發(fā)作為本文的研究主題。 本文通過(guò)對(duì)就業(yè)能力研究文獻(xiàn)的回溯,借助于能力結(jié)構(gòu)理論、勝任力理論,較清晰地界定了大學(xué)生就業(yè)能力的內(nèi)涵和就業(yè)能力結(jié)構(gòu)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,依據(jù)能力開(kāi)發(fā)相關(guān)理論,構(gòu)建了大學(xué)生就業(yè)能力影響因素模型,并使用訪談法、德?tīng)柗品�、�?wèn)卷調(diào)查法等方法收集數(shù)據(jù),運(yùn)用隸屬度分析、效度和信度分析、因子分析、回歸分析等方法對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了定量分析,驗(yàn)證了大學(xué)生就業(yè)能力影響因素模型,得出了基于高校視角對(duì)大學(xué)生就業(yè)能力的關(guān)鍵影響因素,最后本文提出了高校大學(xué)生就業(yè)能力的開(kāi)發(fā)路徑及其實(shí)施措施。 本文主要解答了三個(gè)問(wèn)題,即大學(xué)生就業(yè)能力結(jié)構(gòu)、大學(xué)生就業(yè)能力的影響因素、高校大學(xué)生就業(yè)能力開(kāi)發(fā)路徑,得出了具有一定新意的結(jié)論： 首先,得出了大學(xué)生就業(yè)能力內(nèi)涵及能力結(jié)構(gòu)和就業(yè)能力的影響因素。大學(xué)生就業(yè)能力是大學(xué)生個(gè)人與其畢業(yè)后的職業(yè)選擇、保持職業(yè)和促進(jìn)職業(yè)發(fā)展相關(guān)的知識(shí)、技能和態(tài)度的整合。大學(xué)生就業(yè)能力結(jié)構(gòu)由以下四個(gè)要素構(gòu)成：專(zhuān)業(yè)能力、通用技能、個(gè)人品質(zhì)、職業(yè)規(guī)劃能力�；趯�(duì)就業(yè)能力研究文獻(xiàn)述評(píng)和能力開(kāi)發(fā)理論,通過(guò)專(zhuān)家訪談,美國(guó)、英國(guó)和日本三個(gè)國(guó)家高校大學(xué)生就業(yè)能力開(kāi)發(fā)實(shí)踐的案例分析,本文得出高校大學(xué)生就業(yè)能力的影響要素包括：大學(xué)生就業(yè)能力開(kāi)發(fā)的目標(biāo)與戰(zhàn)略、專(zhuān)業(yè)設(shè)置、課程體系、培養(yǎng)途徑、師資水平、職業(yè)選擇與發(fā)展規(guī)劃指導(dǎo)機(jī)制、與雇主的互動(dòng)機(jī)制、培養(yǎng)評(píng)價(jià)機(jī)制等。 其次,本文在理論演繹的基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用德?tīng)柗品?設(shè)計(jì)了調(diào)查問(wèn)卷,通過(guò)對(duì)581份問(wèn)卷的分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)：培養(yǎng)途徑和與雇主的互動(dòng)機(jī)制對(duì)就業(yè)能力結(jié)構(gòu)的四個(gè)要素都產(chǎn)生極其顯著的正向影響。師資水平對(duì)專(zhuān)業(yè)能力、通用技能和個(gè)人品質(zhì)產(chǎn)生極其顯著的正向影響。職業(yè)指導(dǎo)對(duì)通用技能、個(gè)人品質(zhì)和職業(yè)規(guī)劃能力有顯著的正向影響。專(zhuān)業(yè)設(shè)置機(jī)制對(duì)個(gè)人品質(zhì)和專(zhuān)業(yè)能力產(chǎn)生顯著正向影響。課程體系對(duì)專(zhuān)業(yè)能力產(chǎn)生顯著正向影響。學(xué)校制定明確的大學(xué)生就業(yè)能力開(kāi)發(fā)的目標(biāo)與戰(zhàn)略,培養(yǎng)評(píng)價(jià)機(jī)制對(duì)就業(yè)能力沒(méi)有顯著的正向影響,究其原因是目標(biāo)與戰(zhàn)略、培養(yǎng)評(píng)價(jià)兩個(gè)因子對(duì)就業(yè)能力的影響是間接的。在上述分析的基礎(chǔ)上,構(gòu)建和修正了大學(xué)生就業(yè)能力影響因素模型。 最后,依據(jù)就業(yè)能力影響因素模型,提出了高校應(yīng)該實(shí)施一條動(dòng)態(tài)的就業(yè)能力開(kāi)發(fā)路徑,動(dòng)態(tài)的開(kāi)發(fā)路徑包括三個(gè)階段,即設(shè)定大學(xué)生就業(yè)能力開(kāi)發(fā)目標(biāo)之階段、實(shí)施就業(yè)能力開(kāi)發(fā)之階段和就業(yè)能力開(kāi)發(fā)結(jié)果評(píng)估階段。這一動(dòng)態(tài)路徑的實(shí)施需要高校通過(guò)目標(biāo)創(chuàng)新、管理創(chuàng)新、人員創(chuàng)新和制度創(chuàng)新等來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。在上述分析基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步深入探析了高校如何進(jìn)行目標(biāo)創(chuàng)新、如何進(jìn)行管理創(chuàng)新、如何進(jìn)行人員創(chuàng)新、如何進(jìn)行制度創(chuàng)新的具體措施來(lái)進(jìn)行大學(xué)生就業(yè)能力開(kāi)發(fā)。 本文的主要貢獻(xiàn)在于構(gòu)建了大學(xué)生就業(yè)能力影響因素模型,包括確定了大學(xué)生就業(yè)能力結(jié)構(gòu),影響大學(xué)生就業(yè)能力結(jié)構(gòu)的關(guān)鍵因素識(shí)別,以及關(guān)鍵因素與能力結(jié)構(gòu)的影響關(guān)系；并提出了高校大學(xué)生就業(yè)能力開(kāi)發(fā)路徑與實(shí)施措施。這些結(jié)論豐富了大學(xué)生就業(yè)能力的理論研究,也對(duì)高校內(nèi)部組織變革有一定的指導(dǎo)作用。
[Abstract]:With the popularization of higher education in our country, how to improve the quality of personnel training has become one of the theoretical and practical problems that deserve our attention at this stage. Based on this background, this paper takes the employment ability of college students and its development as the research topic of this paper.
Based on the retrospect of the literature on the employment ability, the connotation and structure of the employment ability of college students are clearly defined with the help of competency structure theory and competency theory. The paper collects the data by using the methods of questionnaire and so on. It uses the methods of membership analysis, validity and reliability analysis, factor analysis and regression analysis to analyze the data quantitatively. It verifies the influencing factors model of University Students'employment ability, and obtains the key influencing factors of University Students' employment ability based on the perspective of university. Finally, it puts forward the University The development path of employment and its implementation measures.
This paper mainly answers three questions, that is, the structure of College Students'employment ability, the influencing factors of College Students' employment ability, the development path of College Students'employment ability, and draws some new conclusions.
Firstly, the connotation of College Students'employment ability, the structure of their ability and the influencing factors of their employment ability are obtained. Ability, general skills, personal qualities, career planning ability. Based on the literature review and capacity development theory of employment ability, through expert interviews, case studies on the development of University Students'employment ability in the United States, Britain and Japan, this paper concludes that the Factors Influencing University Students' employment ability include: employment ability of University students. The goal and strategy of development, specialty setting, curriculum system, training approach, teacher level, career choice and development planning guidance mechanism, interaction mechanism with employers, training evaluation mechanism and so on.
Secondly, on the basis of theoretical deduction, this paper uses Delphi method to design a questionnaire. Through the analysis of 581 questionnaires, it is found that the cultivation approach and the interaction mechanism with employers have a very significant positive impact on the four elements of employability structure. Vocational guidance has a significant positive impact on general skills, personal qualities and career planning ability. Specialty setting mechanism has a significant positive impact on personal qualities and professional ability. Curriculum system has a significant positive impact on professional ability. On the basis of the above analysis, the influencing factors model of College Students'employment ability is constructed and revised.
Finally, according to the influencing factors model of employment ability, the paper puts forward that colleges and universities should implement a dynamic development path of employment ability. The dynamic development path includes three stages, that is, the stage of setting the development goal of University Students'employment ability, the stage of implementing the development of employment ability and the stage of evaluating the development result of employment ability. On the basis of the above analysis, this paper further explores how to carry out the goal innovation, how to carry out the management innovation, how to carry on the personnel innovation, how to carry on the system innovation concrete measure to carry on the university student employment ability development.
The main contribution of this paper is to construct the influencing factors model of College Students'employment ability, including determining the structure of College Students' employment ability, identifying the key factors affecting the structure of College Students'employment ability, and the relationship between the key factors and the structure of ability, and putting forward the development path and implementation measures of College Students' employment ability. Conclusion It enriches the theoretical research on the employment ability of College students, and has a certain guiding role in the internal organizational reform of colleges and universities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G647.38

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

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本文編號(hào)：2246097