中美檔案學(xué)碩士研究生教育的比較研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-11 08:48
【摘要】：二十世紀(jì)八十年代,中國(guó)開(kāi)始真正進(jìn)入檔案學(xué)碩士研究生層次的高等教育。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷發(fā)展,社會(huì)對(duì)高層次檔案人才的需求也越來(lái)越旺盛,中國(guó)大陸地區(qū)獲得檔案學(xué)碩士學(xué)位授予權(quán)的高校也不斷增多,檔案學(xué)碩士研究生教育規(guī)模日益擴(kuò)大,使檔案學(xué)碩士研究生教育成為檔案學(xué)界熱切關(guān)注的主題。2011年11月,教育部高等學(xué)校檔案學(xué)學(xué)科教學(xué)指導(dǎo)委員會(huì)年會(huì)暨第二十屆檔案學(xué)專業(yè)系主任會(huì)議在南京召開(kāi),會(huì)議主題為檔案事業(yè)發(fā)展的人才需求和培養(yǎng)策略,再次引發(fā)了檔案學(xué)界對(duì)檔案學(xué)高等教育的高度關(guān)注。2011年12月,南京大學(xué)信息管理學(xué)院教研人員遠(yuǎn)赴美國(guó)訪問(wèn),帶來(lái)了美國(guó)檔案職業(yè)及其檔案教育最新的發(fā)展信息。由此筆者提出了“中美檔案學(xué)碩士研究生教育的比較研究”論題。通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)研、問(wèn)卷調(diào)研以及文獻(xiàn)調(diào)研,從總體發(fā)展、專業(yè)招生、培養(yǎng)方案(含課程建設(shè))、師資隊(duì)伍以及學(xué)生就業(yè)五個(gè)方面,對(duì)中美檔案學(xué)碩士研究生教育進(jìn)行比較,揭示兩國(guó)檔案學(xué)碩士研究生教育的異同,分析其異同產(chǎn)生的原因,得出美國(guó)檔案學(xué)碩士研究生教育對(duì)中國(guó)的啟示。論文共分為以下8個(gè)章節(jié)：第一章緒論,介紹了論文的選題背景與研究意義,分析了目前國(guó)內(nèi)外檔案學(xué)碩士研究生教育的研究現(xiàn)狀,對(duì)論文的內(nèi)容、思路與方法進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì),對(duì)論文的研究對(duì)象進(jìn)行了確立,最后提出了本論文的創(chuàng)新之處；第二章調(diào)查方案的制定與實(shí)施,介紹了問(wèn)卷調(diào)研與網(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)研的實(shí)施過(guò)程、開(kāi)展時(shí)間以及取得的初步結(jié)果；第三章總體發(fā)展,從院校分布和院系隸屬兩方面分別介紹了中美兩國(guó)檔案學(xué)碩士研究生教育發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,比較兩者的差異,發(fā)現(xiàn)受各自國(guó)情影響,美國(guó)檔案學(xué)碩士研究生教育高校分布比中國(guó)檔案學(xué)碩士研究生教育高校分布更加均衡。在院系隸屬方面,中美兩國(guó)的檔案學(xué)碩士研究生教育主流隸屬關(guān)系是將檔案學(xué)歸在圖書(shū)館情報(bào)學(xué)和檔案管理一級(jí)學(xué)科下。第四章專業(yè)招生,從招生時(shí)間和生源結(jié)構(gòu)入手對(duì)中美兩國(guó)進(jìn)行分析比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)由于受歷史條件的限制,美國(guó)開(kāi)展檔案學(xué)碩士研究生教育的時(shí)間早于中國(guó),同時(shí)在生源方面,其類型也是更為豐富；第五章培養(yǎng)方案,從培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)和課程建設(shè)對(duì)中美兩國(guó)的檔案學(xué)碩士研究生教育進(jìn)行比較分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)美國(guó)檔案學(xué)碩士研究教育的培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)比中國(guó)更豐富具體,同時(shí)在課程建設(shè)方面更具有職業(yè)導(dǎo)向性,更注重實(shí)踐類課程的設(shè)置,培養(yǎng)的學(xué)生更符合市場(chǎng)需求。而中國(guó)的課程以理論性的教學(xué)為主,培養(yǎng)的學(xué)生不能很好地滿足市場(chǎng)需求。但是在學(xué)科獨(dú)立性方面,美國(guó)課程建設(shè)的獨(dú)立性遠(yuǎn)不如中國(guó)；第六章師資隊(duì)伍,從職稱、年齡以及教師科研情況對(duì)中美兩國(guó)的師資隊(duì)伍進(jìn)行比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)在年齡方面,美國(guó)的師資隊(duì)伍老齡化趨勢(shì)明顯,而中國(guó)的檔案學(xué)碩士研究生教育隊(duì)伍主要有青壯年組成,十分有活力；此外美國(guó)師資隊(duì)伍注重吸收檔案工作實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富人才,而中國(guó)的檔案學(xué)碩士研究生教育師資以純學(xué)術(shù)型的教師為主,中國(guó)的這種師資結(jié)構(gòu)已經(jīng)顯露出弊端；第七章學(xué)生就業(yè),從職業(yè)導(dǎo)向性和就業(yè)途徑兩方面,對(duì)中美兩國(guó)檔案學(xué)碩士研究生培養(yǎng)的結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)美國(guó)較之中國(guó)更重視學(xué)生的就業(yè)規(guī)劃；在碩士畢業(yè)生就業(yè)途徑方面,兩國(guó)學(xué)生的就業(yè)范圍都較廣,但是美國(guó)的就業(yè)類型更豐富；第八章啟示,概括了中國(guó)檔案學(xué)碩士研究生教育的優(yōu)勢(shì)與不足,提出中國(guó)檔案學(xué)碩士研究生教育需要在培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)制定方面、質(zhì)量監(jiān)督制度建設(shè)方面、檔案學(xué)專業(yè)學(xué)位設(shè)置方面、導(dǎo)師隊(duì)伍建設(shè)方面以及檔案行業(yè)與教育制度聯(lián)動(dòng)改革方面下功夫,以提高本國(guó)檔案學(xué)碩士研究生教育水平。
[Abstract]:In the 1980s, China began to enter the higher education of master's degree in archival science. With the continuous development of economy, the demand for high-level archival talents has become more and more vigorous. The number of colleges and universities in mainland China that have obtained the right to grant master's degree in archival science has also been increasing. The scale of master's degree in archival science is increasing. In November 2011, the annual meeting of the Archives Teaching Steering Committee of the Ministry of Education and the 20th meeting of the directors of archives departments were held in Nanjing. The theme of the meeting was the talent demand and training strategies for the development of archival undertakings, which once again triggered off. Archives academia pays close attention to archival higher education. In December 2011, the staff of the School of Information Management of Nanjing University visited the United States, bringing the latest development information of archival profession and its education in the United States. Questionnaire survey and literature survey are conducted to compare the postgraduate education of archival master's degree in China and the United States from five aspects: overall development, professional enrollment, training program (including curriculum construction), faculty and student employment, reveal the similarities and differences of the postgraduate education of archival master's degree in China and the United States, analyze the causes of the similarities and differences, and draw the conclusion of the American Master's degree of archival research. The thesis is divided into the following eight chapters: The first chapter is the introduction, which introduces the background and significance of the thesis, analyzes the research status of the master's education of archives both at home and abroad, designs the contents, ideas and methods of the thesis, establishes the research object of the thesis, and finally puts forward Chapter 2 introduces the implementation process, time and preliminary results of the questionnaire survey and the network survey. Chapter 3 introduces the development status of archives master education in China and the United States from the aspects of University distribution and department subordination. It is found that the distribution of archival postgraduate education institutions in the United States is more balanced than that in China because of their respective national conditions. Chapter Four is about the enrollment of Postgraduates in Archives in the United States and China. By comparing the enrollment time and the source structure of students, it is found that due to historical constraints, the time of postgraduate education in Archives in the United States is earlier than that in China, and the types of postgraduate education in Archives are richer in terms of the source of students. Comparing with the curriculum construction in China and the United States, it is found that the training objectives of the master of archives research education in the United States are richer and more specific than those in China. At the same time, it is more career-oriented in curriculum construction. It pays more attention to the setting of practical courses and trains students to meet the market demand. However, the independence of curriculum construction in the United States is far less than that in China. Chapter 6 compares the teachers'ranks in China and the United States in terms of their professional titles, age and research situation. The aging trend of the teaching staff is obvious, and China's archives Master graduate education team is mainly composed of young and middle-aged, very dynamic; in addition, the U.S. faculty attaches great importance to the absorption of archives work experience, while China's archives Master graduate education teachers are mainly academic teachers, China's such a teacher knot. Chapter VII Student Employment, from the two aspects of career orientation and employment channels, compares the results of the cultivation of master's degree students in archives between China and the United States, and finds that the United States pays more attention to the employment planning of students than China; in the employment channels of graduates, the employment scope of students in both countries is wider, but the United States does. The eighth chapter summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of China's Master of Archives graduate education, and points out that China's Master of Archives graduate education needs to set training objectives, establish quality supervision system, set up professional degrees in archives, build a team of tutors, and file industry and teaching. Efforts should be made in the linkage reform of education system so as to improve the educational level of graduate students in archival science.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：G643;G270-4
本文編號(hào)：2236201
[Abstract]:In the 1980s, China began to enter the higher education of master's degree in archival science. With the continuous development of economy, the demand for high-level archival talents has become more and more vigorous. The number of colleges and universities in mainland China that have obtained the right to grant master's degree in archival science has also been increasing. The scale of master's degree in archival science is increasing. In November 2011, the annual meeting of the Archives Teaching Steering Committee of the Ministry of Education and the 20th meeting of the directors of archives departments were held in Nanjing. The theme of the meeting was the talent demand and training strategies for the development of archival undertakings, which once again triggered off. Archives academia pays close attention to archival higher education. In December 2011, the staff of the School of Information Management of Nanjing University visited the United States, bringing the latest development information of archival profession and its education in the United States. Questionnaire survey and literature survey are conducted to compare the postgraduate education of archival master's degree in China and the United States from five aspects: overall development, professional enrollment, training program (including curriculum construction), faculty and student employment, reveal the similarities and differences of the postgraduate education of archival master's degree in China and the United States, analyze the causes of the similarities and differences, and draw the conclusion of the American Master's degree of archival research. The thesis is divided into the following eight chapters: The first chapter is the introduction, which introduces the background and significance of the thesis, analyzes the research status of the master's education of archives both at home and abroad, designs the contents, ideas and methods of the thesis, establishes the research object of the thesis, and finally puts forward Chapter 2 introduces the implementation process, time and preliminary results of the questionnaire survey and the network survey. Chapter 3 introduces the development status of archives master education in China and the United States from the aspects of University distribution and department subordination. It is found that the distribution of archival postgraduate education institutions in the United States is more balanced than that in China because of their respective national conditions. Chapter Four is about the enrollment of Postgraduates in Archives in the United States and China. By comparing the enrollment time and the source structure of students, it is found that due to historical constraints, the time of postgraduate education in Archives in the United States is earlier than that in China, and the types of postgraduate education in Archives are richer in terms of the source of students. Comparing with the curriculum construction in China and the United States, it is found that the training objectives of the master of archives research education in the United States are richer and more specific than those in China. At the same time, it is more career-oriented in curriculum construction. It pays more attention to the setting of practical courses and trains students to meet the market demand. However, the independence of curriculum construction in the United States is far less than that in China. Chapter 6 compares the teachers'ranks in China and the United States in terms of their professional titles, age and research situation. The aging trend of the teaching staff is obvious, and China's archives Master graduate education team is mainly composed of young and middle-aged, very dynamic; in addition, the U.S. faculty attaches great importance to the absorption of archives work experience, while China's archives Master graduate education teachers are mainly academic teachers, China's such a teacher knot. Chapter VII Student Employment, from the two aspects of career orientation and employment channels, compares the results of the cultivation of master's degree students in archives between China and the United States, and finds that the United States pays more attention to the employment planning of students than China; in the employment channels of graduates, the employment scope of students in both countries is wider, but the United States does. The eighth chapter summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of China's Master of Archives graduate education, and points out that China's Master of Archives graduate education needs to set training objectives, establish quality supervision system, set up professional degrees in archives, build a team of tutors, and file industry and teaching. Efforts should be made in the linkage reform of education system so as to improve the educational level of graduate students in archival science.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：G643;G270-4
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 唐思慧;;檔案學(xué)碩士研究生教育現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢(shì)[J];檔案學(xué)通訊;2006年05期
，本文編號(hào)：2236201
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