從依法治校的角度探索校園危機的防控
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-12 18:03
【摘要】：近年來，隨著社會的巨大變革，高校也面臨著日益復雜的社會環(huán)境，社會變遷和教育改革交織在一起使高校的不穩(wěn)定因素明顯增強。目前，高校的社會化逐步走向深入，高校已然成為一個小型的社會縮影，民辦高校、擴大招生、環(huán)境開放、心理壓力、網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳播等一系列因素漸漸成為影響高校穩(wěn)定的新型因子，使高校校園危機呈現(xiàn)頻繁化、多樣化、復雜化和新型化的特點。例如，近幾年發(fā)生的藥家鑫事件、上海商學院女生宿舍火災事件、復旦大學投毒事件、河南工業(yè)大學食物中毒事件等等。校園危機的頻繁發(fā)生，已經(jīng)引起了人們的普遍關(guān)注，它不僅對高校正常的教學、科研和生活秩序構(gòu)成了威脅，還對高校的形象和聲譽造成了嚴重的損害，直接影響高校的穩(wěn)定和改革，有的甚至還給高校的健康發(fā)展和學生的成長成才造成無法挽救的損失。由此，校園危機管理已成為高校急需解決的重大問題，面對隨時可能發(fā)生的危機，我們不僅要重視對高校的日常管理，更要重視對危機的提前預防和有效控制。 校園危機防控是指國家、各級政府、教育行政部門和高校在危機發(fā)生前采取各種有效措施來消除危機的隱患，或者在危機來臨前做好思想、組織、制度、物資等各種充分準備，以防止危機擴大，最大限度地減少危機造成損失的一套行之有效的管理辦法和制度安排。校園危機防控依據(jù)的法律基礎(chǔ)主要有：主張公民基本人權(quán)即生命權(quán)與財產(chǎn)權(quán)所依據(jù)的憲法，履行行政行為（校園危機防控是國家行政應(yīng)急體系的組成部分、國家突發(fā)事件預防的子項，屬行政行為）所依據(jù)的行政法以及履行高校的安全保障義務(wù)所依據(jù)的民法等。 本文以校園危機的防控為研究對象，分別采用文獻研究和問卷調(diào)查研究等研究方法，對校園危機的現(xiàn)狀進行了分析，找出危機防控工作中存在的問題及不足，從依法治校的角度探討校園危機防控的策略。 首先，通過查閱文獻資料，從歸納校園危機的內(nèi)涵、類型以及與依法治校的關(guān)系入手，闡述了研究校園危機防控的意義。借鑒國外及港臺地區(qū)校園危機防控的經(jīng)驗，總結(jié)對我國校園危機防控的啟示。 其次，通過問卷調(diào)查分析目前校園危機的現(xiàn)狀，指出了存在的問題和不足，并從意識、制度、情緒、溝通、外因等五個方面對校園危機的成因進行了詳細分析，為提出有效預防校園危機的措施奠定了堅實的基礎(chǔ)。 最后，提出校園危機防控的措施，要建立健全完善學校規(guī)章制度，，要加強對學生的法制教育，要形成校園危機防控組織和預警系統(tǒng)，要建立暢通多維的溝通渠道。通過這些措施，將校園危機消滅在萌芽之中。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the great changes of society, colleges and universities are also faced with increasingly complex social environment, social changes and educational reform intertwined together to strengthen the unstable factors of colleges and universities. At present, the socialization of colleges and universities is gradually deepening, and colleges and universities have become a small social microcosm. Private colleges and universities are expanding enrollment, opening up the environment, and psychological pressure. A series of factors, such as network communication, have gradually become the new factors that affect the stability of colleges and universities, which make the crisis of university campus more frequent, diversified, complicated and new. For example, the incident of Yao Jiaxin in recent years, the fire of female dormitory of Shanghai Business School, the poisoning of Fudan University, the food poisoning of Henan University of Technology and so on. The frequent occurrence of campus crisis has aroused widespread concern. It not only poses a threat to the normal teaching, scientific research and living order of colleges and universities, but also causes serious damage to the image and reputation of colleges and universities. It directly affects the stability and reform of colleges and universities, and some even bring irreparable losses to the healthy development of colleges and universities and the growth of students. As a result, campus crisis management has become a major problem that colleges and universities urgently need to solve. In the face of the crisis that may occur at any time, we should not only attach importance to the daily management of colleges and universities, but also to the prevention and effective control of crises in advance. Campus crisis prevention and control means that the state, governments at all levels, educational administrative departments and colleges and universities take all kinds of effective measures to eliminate the hidden dangers of the crisis before the crisis, or make a good preparation of ideas, organizations, systems, materials, etc., before the crisis comes. A set of effective management methods and institutional arrangements to prevent the crisis from spreading and minimize the damage caused by the crisis. The legal basis for the prevention and control of the campus crisis mainly includes: the constitution which advocates the basic human rights of citizens, namely, the right to life and the right to property, and the implementation of administrative acts (the campus crisis prevention and control is an integral part of the national administrative emergency system. The administrative law based on the state emergency prevention belongs to the administrative act and the civil law to fulfill the duty of safety and security of colleges and universities. Taking the prevention and control of campus crisis as the research object, this paper analyzes the current situation of the campus crisis by using the methods of literature research and questionnaire investigation, and finds out the problems and shortcomings in the crisis prevention and control work. This paper probes into the strategy of preventing and controlling the campus crisis from the angle of administering the school according to law. First of all, the significance of studying the campus crisis prevention and control is expounded by consulting the literature and summarizing the connotation, types and the relationship between the campus crisis and the administration of school by law. Based on the experience of overseas and Hong Kong and Taiwan campus crisis prevention and control, this paper summarizes the enlightenment of campus crisis prevention and control in our country. Secondly, through the questionnaire survey to analyze the current situation of the campus crisis, pointed out the existing problems and deficiencies, and from the consciousness, system, emotion, communication, external causes of the campus crisis of five aspects of a detailed analysis of the causes of the campus crisis, For the effective prevention of campus crisis measures laid a solid foundation. Finally, the measures of preventing and controlling the campus crisis should be put forward, the rules and regulations of the school should be established and perfected, the legal education of the students should be strengthened, the organization and early warning system of the crisis prevention and control in the campus should be formed, and the channel of communication should be established. Through these measures, the campus crisis will be nipped in the bud.
【學位授予單位】：山東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：G647
本文編號：2179865
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the great changes of society, colleges and universities are also faced with increasingly complex social environment, social changes and educational reform intertwined together to strengthen the unstable factors of colleges and universities. At present, the socialization of colleges and universities is gradually deepening, and colleges and universities have become a small social microcosm. Private colleges and universities are expanding enrollment, opening up the environment, and psychological pressure. A series of factors, such as network communication, have gradually become the new factors that affect the stability of colleges and universities, which make the crisis of university campus more frequent, diversified, complicated and new. For example, the incident of Yao Jiaxin in recent years, the fire of female dormitory of Shanghai Business School, the poisoning of Fudan University, the food poisoning of Henan University of Technology and so on. The frequent occurrence of campus crisis has aroused widespread concern. It not only poses a threat to the normal teaching, scientific research and living order of colleges and universities, but also causes serious damage to the image and reputation of colleges and universities. It directly affects the stability and reform of colleges and universities, and some even bring irreparable losses to the healthy development of colleges and universities and the growth of students. As a result, campus crisis management has become a major problem that colleges and universities urgently need to solve. In the face of the crisis that may occur at any time, we should not only attach importance to the daily management of colleges and universities, but also to the prevention and effective control of crises in advance. Campus crisis prevention and control means that the state, governments at all levels, educational administrative departments and colleges and universities take all kinds of effective measures to eliminate the hidden dangers of the crisis before the crisis, or make a good preparation of ideas, organizations, systems, materials, etc., before the crisis comes. A set of effective management methods and institutional arrangements to prevent the crisis from spreading and minimize the damage caused by the crisis. The legal basis for the prevention and control of the campus crisis mainly includes: the constitution which advocates the basic human rights of citizens, namely, the right to life and the right to property, and the implementation of administrative acts (the campus crisis prevention and control is an integral part of the national administrative emergency system. The administrative law based on the state emergency prevention belongs to the administrative act and the civil law to fulfill the duty of safety and security of colleges and universities. Taking the prevention and control of campus crisis as the research object, this paper analyzes the current situation of the campus crisis by using the methods of literature research and questionnaire investigation, and finds out the problems and shortcomings in the crisis prevention and control work. This paper probes into the strategy of preventing and controlling the campus crisis from the angle of administering the school according to law. First of all, the significance of studying the campus crisis prevention and control is expounded by consulting the literature and summarizing the connotation, types and the relationship between the campus crisis and the administration of school by law. Based on the experience of overseas and Hong Kong and Taiwan campus crisis prevention and control, this paper summarizes the enlightenment of campus crisis prevention and control in our country. Secondly, through the questionnaire survey to analyze the current situation of the campus crisis, pointed out the existing problems and deficiencies, and from the consciousness, system, emotion, communication, external causes of the campus crisis of five aspects of a detailed analysis of the causes of the campus crisis, For the effective prevention of campus crisis measures laid a solid foundation. Finally, the measures of preventing and controlling the campus crisis should be put forward, the rules and regulations of the school should be established and perfected, the legal education of the students should be strengthened, the organization and early warning system of the crisis prevention and control in the campus should be formed, and the channel of communication should be established. Through these measures, the campus crisis will be nipped in the bud.
【學位授予單位】：山東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：G647
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