本文選題：清末民初 + 直隸��； 參考：《河北大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文是以1902—1922年直隸師范教育為對象的專題研究。 中國自古有尊師重道的傳統(tǒng)，但中國古代卻一直沒有出現(xiàn)專門培養(yǎng)師資的教育機構。直到1897年，南洋公學設立師范學院，才揭開了中國近代師范教育的序幕。后來，，隨著一系列師范教育章程和政令的頒布，師范教育得以初步發(fā)展。近代直隸師范教育就是在全國師范教育興起的大背景下，開始了自己的發(fā)展之路。 伴隨清末洋務教育和新政改革，直隸興建了一批新式學堂。這些新式學堂的創(chuàng)辦，除經費籌集外，最急需的就是師資問題。于是為了解決這一難題，直隸各地紛紛建立師范學堂，從而使師范教育在直隸得以興起。1902年，直隸創(chuàng)辦了第一所師范學堂——直隸師范學堂。次年，天津又創(chuàng)設了最早的教師進修學校——教師補習所和教員研究所。之后，全省各地各級各類師范教育機構開始普遍設立。據(jù)統(tǒng)計，1923年，直隸省境內僅師范學校就有28所，居全國第一，培養(yǎng)師范生數(shù)千人。 清末民初，直隸嚴格遵守政府教育方針，落實國家政策，建立了各級各類師范學堂（或學校），形成了相對完善的省級學制。從而使直隸師范教育經過了從無到有，從小到大的發(fā)展，為直隸各項教育事業(yè)輸送了大量師資和教育人才，并通過對私塾教師的培訓，參與和推動了傳統(tǒng)教育的現(xiàn)代化改造。直隸師范教育雖然取得了一些成就，但其發(fā)展過程中仍不可避免的存在一些問題，如發(fā)展不滿足于現(xiàn)狀和部分師范學堂辦學水平低下、不符合規(guī)格等。但是，它在初創(chuàng)和發(fā)展過程中所采取的一些革新措施和理念，仍然值得我們思考與借鑒。
[Abstract]:This paper focuses on normal education in Zhili from 1902 to 1922. China has a tradition of respecting teachers since ancient times, but there were no educational institutions specialized in teacher training in ancient China. It was not until 1897 that Nanyang Public School set up the normal College, which opened the prelude of Chinese modern normal education. Later, with the promulgation of a series of statutes and decrees, normal education developed preliminarily. The modern normal education in Zhili began its own development under the background of the rise of normal education in China. With the Westernization Education and the New deal Reform in the late Qing Dynasty, a number of new schools were built in Zhili. In addition to raising funds, the establishment of these new schools is most in need of teachers. In order to solve this problem, teachers' schools were established all over Zhili, which made normal education rise in Zhili. In 1902, Zhili established the first normal school-Zhili normal School. The following year, Tianjin also established the earliest teacher-training school-teacher tutoring Institute and Institute of Teachers. After that, all kinds of teacher-training institutions at all levels throughout the province began to be set up. According to statistics, in 1923, Zhili Province, there are only 28 normal schools, ranked first in the country, training thousands of normal students. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, Zhili strictly obeyed the educational policy of the government, carried out the national policy, established all kinds of normal schools at all levels (or schools), and formed a relatively perfect provincial school system. As a result, teachers' education in Zhili has been developed from scratch to existence and from small to large. A large number of teachers and educational talents have been sent to the various educational undertakings in Zhili, and through the training of teachers in private schools, they have participated in and promoted the modernization transformation of traditional education. Although some achievements have been made in normal education in Zhili, there are still some unavoidable problems in its development, such as the fact that the development is not satisfied with the present situation and the low level of running a school in some normal schools, which is not in accordance with the specifications and so on. However, some innovative measures and ideas adopted in the process of its establishment and development are still worthy of our consideration and reference.
【學位授予單位】：河北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：K25;G659.29

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