本文選題：個性特征 + 高校創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境��； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,大學(xué)畢業(yè)生就業(yè)問題成為中國社會問題中排序在前幾位的重要問題,如何解決大學(xué)生就業(yè)成為社會關(guān)注的焦點之一。據(jù)統(tǒng)計,2010年我國需就業(yè)的人數(shù)達2000萬,而即使以我國每年經(jīng)濟增長10%算,經(jīng)濟每增長1%帶來80—100萬個就業(yè)崗位,每年還有近1000萬人失業(yè)。整體勞動力市場的供大于求,再加上大學(xué)生缺少工作經(jīng)驗以及大學(xué)生的認知偏差,大學(xué)生的就業(yè)情況更不容樂觀。 在解決大學(xué)生就業(yè)難的方法里,鼓勵大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)無疑是一條行之有效的方法。但是如何鼓勵大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè),各個高校則采取了不同的政策,有的高校會把資源投放在創(chuàng)業(yè)課程上,而有些高校則把資源投放在創(chuàng)業(yè)實踐上,也有的學(xué)校是對所有學(xué)生提供統(tǒng)一的政策,而有的高校則是有針對性的對部分學(xué)生提供幫助。如何能夠更高效的鼓勵大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè),是一個比較難解決的問題。而要想解決這個問題,則首先需要去解決到底哪些因素會影響大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)意向,而這正是本文研究的主要問題。 本文首先通過閱讀大量文獻,對創(chuàng)業(yè)、創(chuàng)業(yè)者、個性特征、高校創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境和創(chuàng)業(yè)意向進行了概念界定,同時對目前影響大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)意向的文獻進行了分析和總結(jié)；其次根據(jù)前人的文獻研究,提出了本文研究的模型,并提出了10個相應(yīng)的假設(shè)；再次為了能夠驗證假設(shè),設(shè)計出相應(yīng)的問卷,問卷總共包括4個部分,分別用來衡量個人背景、心理特征、高校創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境和創(chuàng)業(yè)意向。本文在濟南三所高校共搜集了212份有效問卷,并運用描述性統(tǒng)計分析、單因素方差分析和回歸分析的方法對212份有效問卷進行了分析處理,對濟南三所高校目前的創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境進行了橫向的比較,同時驗證了本文提出10個假設(shè),得出大學(xué)生的性別、專業(yè)、是否來自創(chuàng)業(yè)者家庭、個人成就動機、風(fēng)險傾向、創(chuàng)業(yè)教育和創(chuàng)業(yè)實踐對其創(chuàng)業(yè)意向有顯著影響,而學(xué)歷、內(nèi)控傾向和創(chuàng)業(yè)競賽則不會對創(chuàng)業(yè)意向有顯著的影響；最后根據(jù)前面分析處理得出的結(jié)果,對目前高校該如何開展創(chuàng)業(yè)教育、如何鼓勵大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)提出一些自己的建議。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the employment of college graduates has become one of the most important social problems in China. How to solve the employment of college students has become one of the focus of the society. According to statistics, the number of people in need of employment in our country reached 20 million in 2010, and even if the economic growth of our country is calculated by 10% per year, every 1% economic growth will bring 80-1 million jobs, and nearly 10 million people will lose their jobs every year. The overall labor market oversupply, coupled with the lack of work experience and college students' cognitive bias, the employment situation of college students is not optimistic. In solving the problem of employment, encouraging college students to start a business is undoubtedly an effective method. However, how to encourage college students to start a business, each university has adopted different policies, some colleges and universities will put resources into entrepreneurship courses, while some colleges and universities will put resources into entrepreneurial practice. Some schools provide a unified policy for all students, while some colleges and universities provide targeted assistance to some students. How to encourage college students to start a business more efficiently is a more difficult problem to solve. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to solve what factors will affect the entrepreneurial intention of college students, which is the main problem of this paper. This paper firstly defines the concept of entrepreneurship, entrepreneurs, personality characteristics, entrepreneurial environment and entrepreneurial intention by reading a large number of documents, and analyzes and summarizes the literature that affects the entrepreneurial intention of college students. Secondly, according to the previous literature research, the paper puts forward the model of this paper, and puts forward 10 corresponding hypotheses. Thirdly, in order to verify the hypothesis, the corresponding questionnaire is designed. The questionnaire includes four parts, which are used to measure the personal background. Psychological characteristics, entrepreneurial environment and entrepreneurial intention in colleges and universities. In this paper, 212 valid questionnaires were collected in three colleges and universities in Jinan, and 212 valid questionnaires were analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis, single factor variance analysis and regression analysis. This paper makes a horizontal comparison of the current entrepreneurial environment of the three universities in Jinan, and verifies the 10 hypotheses put forward in this paper. The conclusions are as follows: gender, specialty, whether or not the college students come from the family of entrepreneurs, personal achievement motivation, risk propensity, etc. Entrepreneurship education and practice have a significant impact on their entrepreneurial intentions, while academic qualifications, internal control tendencies and entrepreneurial competitions have no significant impact on entrepreneurial intentions. Finally, according to the results of the previous analysis, This paper puts forward some suggestions on how to carry out entrepreneurship education and how to encourage college students to start a business.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：G647.38;F279.2;F224

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