本文關(guān)鍵詞： 高等教育大眾化 大學(xué)生 就業(yè)觀　出處：《重慶交通大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：就業(yè)乃民生之本，大學(xué)生就業(yè)問題，不僅關(guān)系到個(gè)人的前途與命運(yùn)，更關(guān)系到社會(huì)的和諧與穩(wěn)定。近年來，隨著我國高等教育步入大眾化教育階段，畢業(yè)生的就業(yè)形勢(shì)日益嚴(yán)峻，就業(yè)難成了全社會(huì)關(guān)注的熱點(diǎn)問題。高等教育大眾化背景下，大學(xué)生就業(yè)難的原因有很多：既有社會(huì)、家庭、學(xué)校等客觀因素的影響；又有大學(xué)生自身能力素養(yǎng)及就業(yè)價(jià)值取向偏差等主觀因素的存在。眾所周知，內(nèi)因是事物變化發(fā)展的根據(jù)，觀念是行為的先導(dǎo)，解決大學(xué)生就業(yè)難問題，轉(zhuǎn)變就業(yè)觀念無疑是關(guān)鍵。 本文在借鑒前人理論成果和研究方法的基礎(chǔ)上，通過對(duì)重慶市部分高校大學(xué)生就業(yè)觀的問卷調(diào)查，以實(shí)際數(shù)據(jù)為依據(jù)，分析現(xiàn)階段大學(xué)生就業(yè)觀存在的新變化、新問題，從理論上探究其成因并提出合理對(duì)策，力圖幫助大學(xué)生樹立科學(xué)的就業(yè)觀，，實(shí)現(xiàn)充分就業(yè)，并為高校的就業(yè)指導(dǎo)提供必要理論參考。 本文主要由以下幾部分構(gòu)成： 引言：對(duì)論文的研究背景和理論實(shí)踐意義進(jìn)行綜述，并介紹論文的思路、研究方法以及國內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀。 第一章：對(duì)高等教育大眾化的相關(guān)情況進(jìn)行概述，為課題研究提供背景和鋪墊。首先引入馬丁·特羅的大眾化教育理論，對(duì)高等教育大眾化的內(nèi)涵及特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析；然后闡述我國高等教育大眾化存在的問題；最后簡(jiǎn)要介紹在教育大眾化階段我國大學(xué)生的就業(yè)形勢(shì)。 第二章：大學(xué)生就業(yè)觀的內(nèi)涵及歷史演變。分析就業(yè)觀的內(nèi)涵及構(gòu)成要素，并緊密結(jié)合時(shí)代背景對(duì)建國以來大學(xué)生就業(yè)制度經(jīng)歷的三個(gè)歷史時(shí)期：統(tǒng)包統(tǒng)分時(shí)期、供需見面到雙向選擇的過渡時(shí)期、自主擇業(yè)時(shí)期進(jìn)行合理分析，總結(jié)出大學(xué)生就業(yè)觀在各個(gè)階段的特點(diǎn)，以便大家對(duì)大學(xué)生就業(yè)觀的發(fā)展變化有深入理解。 第三章：大學(xué)生就業(yè)觀的現(xiàn)狀分析。通過問卷、訪談等方式，對(duì)當(dāng)前大學(xué)生就業(yè)觀現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行調(diào)查研究，通過理性分析，指出當(dāng)前大學(xué)生就業(yè)觀發(fā)生的積極變化及存在問題。 第四章：大學(xué)生就業(yè)觀問題的原因探析。首先闡述導(dǎo)致大學(xué)生就業(yè)觀扭曲的客觀因素，如經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、社會(huì)輿論、用人標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、家庭環(huán)境、學(xué)校教育等因素。然后分析影響大學(xué)生就業(yè)觀的主觀因素，如大學(xué)生的自我認(rèn)知、心理特征、個(gè)人素質(zhì)及能力等。 第五章：樹立大學(xué)生科學(xué)就業(yè)觀的探索。針對(duì)不良就業(yè)觀產(chǎn)生的原因從完善國家就業(yè)政策、加強(qiáng)就業(yè)導(dǎo)向、設(shè)置科學(xué)務(wù)實(shí)的用人標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、轉(zhuǎn)變家庭教育觀念、改革教育體制、強(qiáng)化大學(xué)生的自我調(diào)適能力等方面提出合理建議，引導(dǎo)大學(xué)生樹立與高等教育大眾化背景相適應(yīng)的大眾化就業(yè)觀，以便順利實(shí)現(xiàn)就業(yè)。
[Abstract]:Employment is the foundation of people's livelihood. The employment of college students is not only related to the future and destiny of individuals, but also to the harmony and stability of society. The employment situation of graduates is becoming more and more serious, and the employment difficulty has become a hot issue in the whole society. Under the background of the popularization of higher education, there are many reasons for the difficulty in obtaining employment for college students: the influence of objective factors such as society, family, school and so on; There is also the existence of subjective factors such as ability accomplishment and deviation of employment value orientation of college students. As we all know, internal cause is the basis of change and development of things, concept is the guide of behavior, and it is difficult to solve the problem of employment for college students. Changing the concept of employment is undoubtedly the key. Based on the previous theoretical results and research methods, this paper analyzes the new changes and problems in the employment view of college students in Chongqing, based on the actual data, through the questionnaire survey of some college students' view of employment. This paper probes into its causes theoretically and puts forward some reasonable countermeasures in order to help college students set up scientific view of employment, realize full employment, and provide necessary theoretical reference for employment guidance in colleges and universities. This paper is composed of the following parts:. Introduction: this paper summarizes the research background and theoretical and practical significance of the paper, and introduces the ideas, research methods and research status at home and abroad. Chapter one: summarize the related situation of the popularization of higher education, provide the background and foundation for the research of the subject. Firstly, introduce Martin Trow's theory of popular education, and analyze the connotation and characteristics of the popularization of higher education; At last, it briefly introduces the employment situation of college students in the stage of popularization of education. The second chapter: the connotation and historical evolution of college students' employment concept, analyzes the connotation and constituent elements of the employment view, and closely combines the background of the times to the three historical periods of college students' employment system since the founding of the people's Republic of China: the period of "turnkey" and "turnkey". In the transitional period from supply and demand to two-way choice, this paper makes a reasonable analysis of the period of independent employment selection, and summarizes the characteristics of college students' employment concept in each stage, so that we can have a deep understanding of the development and change of college students' employment view. The third chapter is the analysis of the present situation of college students' view of employment. By means of questionnaire and interview, this paper investigates and studies the present situation of college students' view of employment, and points out the positive changes and problems existing in the present view of employment of college students through rational analysis. Chapter 4th: analysis of the causes of the problem of college students' view of employment. First of all, the paper expounds the objective factors that lead to the distortion of college students' view of employment, such as economic development, public opinion, employment standards, family environment, etc. Then it analyzes the subjective factors that affect the college students' view of employment, such as college students' self-cognition, psychological characteristics, personal qualities and abilities. Chapter 5th: the exploration of setting up the scientific employment view of college students. In view of the causes of the bad employment view, we should perfect the national employment policy, strengthen the employment orientation, set up scientific and practical employment standards, change the concept of family education, and reform the educational system. In order to realize employment smoothly, the author puts forward some reasonable suggestions on how to strengthen the self-adjustment ability of college students, and guide them to set up a popularized employment concept suitable to the background of popularization of higher education.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：G647.38

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