【摘要】：高素質(zhì)創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)型人才在建設(shè)創(chuàng)新型國家和全面建成小康社會、實現(xiàn)社會主義現(xiàn)代化和中華民族偉大復(fù)興過程中發(fā)揮極其重要的作用。美國建設(shè)創(chuàng)新型強國的實踐和我國改革開放以來的創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)熱潮，都充分證明了培養(yǎng)大批高素質(zhì)創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)型人才的極端重要性。高校擔(dān)負(fù)著培養(yǎng)大批高素質(zhì)創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)人才的重要任務(wù)，是提高自主創(chuàng)新能力、建設(shè)創(chuàng)新型國家的重要力量。深入開展大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)教育，既是培養(yǎng)大批高素質(zhì)創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)型人才的有效途徑，也是深入開展大學(xué)生思想政治教育和素質(zhì)教育的重要內(nèi)容。大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)教育模式是大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)教育理論與實踐有機結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物，對于有效促進(jìn)大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)教育的科學(xué)化、規(guī)范化、優(yōu)質(zhì)化、普及化具有重要作用。 文獻(xiàn)檢索結(jié)果表明，美國高校實施大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)教育起步較早，已經(jīng)積累了豐富而先進(jìn)的大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)教育經(jīng)驗，形成了許多行之有效的大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)教育模式，培養(yǎng)了一批又一批高素質(zhì)創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)型人才；而我國高校實施大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)教育起步較晚，雖然許多高校在構(gòu)建大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)教育模式方面進(jìn)行了積極探索與實踐并取得了一定成效，但還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能適應(yīng)培養(yǎng)大批高素質(zhì)創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)型人才的要求。因此，深入開展中美大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)教育模式比較研究，學(xué)習(xí)與借鑒美國高校在構(gòu)建大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)教育模式方面的成功經(jīng)驗，結(jié)合我國大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)教育的實際情況，為我國高�？茖W(xué)構(gòu)建大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)教育模式、有效實施大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)教育提供參考意見，就顯得十分重要和必要。 本文從大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)教育的概念、內(nèi)容、特征以及大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)教育模式的概念、要素、功能等方面進(jìn)行了多角度探討；在此基礎(chǔ)上從理論探索歷程和實踐探索歷程兩個方面就中美大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)教育的發(fā)展歷程進(jìn)行比較分析；進(jìn)而從目標(biāo)、理念、程序、條件、評價等五個維度就中美大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)教育模式進(jìn)行深入比較分析，，從而發(fā)現(xiàn)并指出我國在構(gòu)建大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)教育模式方面存在的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)；最后針對我國在構(gòu)建大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)教育模式方面存在的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，借鑒美國在構(gòu)建大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)教育模式方面的有益經(jīng)驗，得出了完善大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)教育模式的五點啟示。這五點啟示體現(xiàn)為：一要更新創(chuàng)業(yè)教育理念，包括知識先導(dǎo)理念、實踐為本理念、科學(xué)孵化理念和系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化理念；二要優(yōu)化創(chuàng)業(yè)課程體系，包括理論課程體系和實踐課程體系；三要健全創(chuàng)業(yè)教育機構(gòu)，包括教育領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組、理論研究機構(gòu)、教學(xué)管理機構(gòu)和資金管理機構(gòu)；四要改善創(chuàng)業(yè)教育條件，包括創(chuàng)業(yè)師資隊伍、創(chuàng)業(yè)實踐基地、創(chuàng)業(yè)文化氛圍和社會支持系統(tǒng)；五要完善創(chuàng)業(yè)教育評價，包括學(xué)校評價、企業(yè)評價、社會評價和政府評價。
[Abstract]:High-quality innovative entrepreneurial talents play an extremely important role in building an innovative country, building a well-off society in an all-round way, realizing socialist modernization and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The practice of building an innovative country in the United States and the upsurge of innovation and entrepreneurship since China's reform and opening up have fully proved the extreme importance of cultivating a large number of high-quality innovative entrepreneurial talents. Colleges and universities take on the important task of cultivating a large number of high-quality innovative entrepreneurial talents. It is an important force to improve the ability of independent innovation and build an innovative country. Carrying out entrepreneurship education for college students is not only an effective way to train a large number of innovative entrepreneurial talents with high quality, but also an important part of carrying out ideological and political education and quality education for college students. The mode of college students' entrepreneurship education is the product of the organic combination of theory and practice of college students' entrepreneurship education, which plays an important role in effectively promoting the scientization, standardization, high quality and popularization of college students' entrepreneurship education. The results of literature retrieval show that the implementation of entrepreneurship education for college students in the United States started early, accumulated rich and advanced experience in entrepreneurship education for college students, and formed many effective models of entrepreneurship education for college students. A number of high-quality innovative entrepreneurial talents have been trained. However, the implementation of entrepreneurship education for college students in China started relatively late, although many colleges and universities have actively explored and practiced the construction of entrepreneurship education model for college students and achieved some results. However, it is far from meeting the requirements of cultivating a large number of high-quality innovative entrepreneurial talents. Therefore, we should carry out a comparative study on the mode of entrepreneurship education for college students in China and the United States, learn from and draw lessons from the successful experience of American colleges and universities in constructing the mode of entrepreneurship education for college students, and combine the actual situation of entrepreneurship education for college students in China. It is very important and necessary for colleges and universities in our country to construct the mode of entrepreneurship education for college students scientifically, and to provide reference and advice for the effective implementation of entrepreneurship education for college students. This paper discusses the concept, content and characteristics of college students' entrepreneurship education from many angles, as well as the concept, elements and functions of college students' entrepreneurship education model. On this basis, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the development course of entrepreneurship education of Chinese and American college students from two aspects: theoretical exploration course and practice exploration course; Then, from the five dimensions of goal, concept, procedure, condition and evaluation, this paper makes a comparative analysis on the mode of entrepreneurship education for college students in China and the United States, and then finds and points out the weak links in the construction of entrepreneurship education model for college students in China. Finally, in view of the weak links existing in the construction of college students' entrepreneurship education model in our country, and drawing lessons from the beneficial experience of the United States in constructing the college students' entrepreneurship education model, this paper obtains five enlightenments for perfecting the college students' entrepreneurship education model. These five enlightenments are as follows: first, renew the concept of entrepreneurship education, including the concept of knowledge forerunner, practice-oriented, scientific incubation and systematic optimization, second, optimize the curriculum system of entrepreneurship, including theoretical curriculum system and practical curriculum system; Third, we should improve educational institutions for entrepreneurship, including educational leadership groups, theoretical research institutions, teaching and management institutions and fund management institutions; Fourth, it is necessary to improve the conditions of entrepreneurship education, including entrepreneurship teachers, entrepreneurial practice base, entrepreneurial culture atmosphere and social support system; fifth, improve the evaluation of entrepreneurship education, including school evaluation, enterprise evaluation, social evaluation and government evaluation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國計量學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：G647.38

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