【摘要】：近年來，我國經(jīng)濟(jì)飛速發(fā)展，隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化全球化程度的加深，我國國民的原有世界觀、價(jià)值觀正受著巨大的沖擊。鑒于傳統(tǒng)文化中的精華部分對(duì)我國精神文明建設(shè)有著重要的支持作用，復(fù)興傳統(tǒng)文化的呼聲越來越高。本研究擬探討我國傳統(tǒng)文化中最重要的組成部分“仁”的觀念，分別研究古代傳統(tǒng)“仁”觀結(jié)構(gòu)和當(dāng)今大學(xué)生“仁”觀結(jié)構(gòu)，并進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。 本研究首先對(duì)國內(nèi)外有關(guān)傳統(tǒng)“仁”觀結(jié)構(gòu)、當(dāng)代“仁”觀結(jié)構(gòu)、“仁”與整個(gè)儒家文化的關(guān)系、傳統(tǒng)思想對(duì)于當(dāng)代道德建設(shè)等方面的文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行綜述，，然后在對(duì)以往研究進(jìn)行分析的基礎(chǔ)上，選擇了扎根分析的質(zhì)性研究方法，提出本研究的目的及整體思路。本研究包含兩個(gè)部分，研究一以古文典籍為對(duì)象進(jìn)行傳統(tǒng)“仁”觀結(jié)構(gòu)的研究，形成傳統(tǒng)“仁”觀結(jié)構(gòu)的理論模型；研究二以當(dāng)代大學(xué)生為被試，進(jìn)行深度訪談，以訪談資料為對(duì)象進(jìn)行當(dāng)代“仁”觀結(jié)構(gòu)的研究、繼而結(jié)合研究一結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。具體如下： 在研究一中，扎根研究的對(duì)象以魏何晏注宋邢f:疏《論語注疏》、南宋朱熹《論語集注》原著中涉及到“仁”的原文為基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行自下而上的三層編碼，開放式編碼，關(guān)聯(lián)編碼，直到核心編碼形成模型。對(duì)此兩本集注1模型建構(gòu)過程中，根據(jù)原著對(duì)傳統(tǒng)“仁”含義得出初步理論假設(shè)，再經(jīng)過進(jìn)一步查閱典籍驗(yàn)證假設(shè)、修正假設(shè)，直至理論飽和。結(jié)果顯示：傳統(tǒng)“仁”觀結(jié)構(gòu)由三個(gè)維度構(gòu)成，人格特征、實(shí)踐特征以及屬性特征。其中人格特征由“人際關(guān)系”、“智慧”、“處世態(tài)度”三個(gè)因素組成，實(shí)踐特征由“恭敬”、“樂施恩惠”、“忠信可靠”三個(gè)因素組成，屬性特征由“禮義相隨”、“仁道為統(tǒng)”、“仁為本性”三個(gè)因素組成。 在研究二中，從蘇州大學(xué)和西交利物浦大學(xué)隨機(jī)抽取31名大學(xué)生，平衡專業(yè)、性別、年齡。其中30名作為研究對(duì)象，1名作為信度檢驗(yàn)資料。對(duì)他們每人進(jìn)行為時(shí)30分鐘左右的深度訪談，將訪談錄音轉(zhuǎn)錄成文檔，并進(jìn)行扎根分析。過程與研究一相同。結(jié)果顯示大學(xué)生“仁”觀結(jié)構(gòu)同樣由三個(gè)維度構(gòu)成，人格特征、實(shí)踐特征以及屬性特征。其中人格特征包括“外向性”、“人際關(guān)系”、“情緒性”、“善良”、“行事風(fēng)格”、“智慧”、“處世態(tài)度”七個(gè)因素，實(shí)踐特征由兩個(gè)因素構(gòu)成，“禮儀規(guī)范”和“基礎(chǔ)性”，屬性特征包含四個(gè)因素，分別是“政治/文化特征”、“以愛為本質(zhì)”、“發(fā)展性”和“包容人性”。 對(duì)古今“仁”觀結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行對(duì)比發(fā)現(xiàn)，有以下差異：（1）結(jié)構(gòu)變化，原來的重點(diǎn)變?yōu)榉侵攸c(diǎn)，原來的非重點(diǎn)變?yōu)橹攸c(diǎn)；（2）概念異化，舊概念的刪改或新概念的增加，原有概念范圍擴(kuò)大或縮�。唬�3）基本態(tài)度的變化，包括對(duì)“仁”的去認(rèn)同化以及對(duì)某些事物態(tài)度的異化。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China's economy has developed rapidly. With the deepening of economic and cultural globalization, the original world outlook and values of Chinese people are being greatly impacted. In view of the fact that the essence of traditional culture plays an important supporting role in the construction of spiritual civilization in our country, the voice of reviving traditional culture is increasing. This study discusses the concept of "benevolence", which is the most important part of Chinese traditional culture, studies the structure of the ancient "benevolence" and the structure of college students'"benevolence" respectively, and makes a comparative analysis. This research first summarizes the literature about the traditional "benevolence" concept structure, the contemporary "benevolence" view structure, the relationship between "benevolence" and the whole Confucian culture, and the traditional thought for the construction of contemporary morality, etc. Then, based on the analysis of the previous studies, the qualitative research method of rooting analysis is selected, and the purpose and the overall thinking of this study are put forward. This study consists of two parts: one is to study the traditional "benevolence" view structure with the classical writings as the object, and to form the theoretical model of the traditional "benevolence" view structure; The second study takes contemporary college students as subjects, carries on the in-depth interview, takes the interview material as the object carries on the contemporary "benevolence" the view structure research, then unifies the research one result carries on the contrast analysis. The details are as follows: in the first study, the object of root research is the bottom-up three-layer coding based on the original works of Wei he Yan and Song Xing f: Shu "the Analects of Confucius", and Zhu Xi of the Southern Song Dynasty "the Analects of Confucius" in the original works, which involve the original text of "Ren". Open coding, association coding, until the core codes form a model. In the process of constructing the model of the two notes 1, the preliminary theoretical hypothesis is obtained according to the original works' meaning of "benevolence", and then the hypothesis is further checked and the hypothesis is revised until the theory is saturated. The results show that the structure of traditional "benevolence" view consists of three dimensions: personality, practice and attribute. Among them, personality is composed of three factors: interpersonal relationship, wisdom and attitude towards life. The practical characteristics are composed of three factors: respect, Oxfam, loyalty and reliability, and the attribute features are accompanied by courtesy and meaning, and the character of personality is composed of three factors: "interpersonal relationship", "wisdom", "attitude towards life", and "respect", "Oxfam" and "loyalty and reliability". "benevolence is the unity" and "benevolence is the nature" of the three factors. In the second study, 31 college students were randomly selected from Suzhou University and Liverpool University in order to balance major, sex and age. Of them, 30 were used as subjects and 1 as reliability test data. Each of them was interviewed in depth for about 30 minutes. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed. The process is the same as the study. The result shows that the structure of "benevolence" of college students is also composed of three dimensions: personality, practice and attribute. Personality characteristics include extroversion, interpersonal relationship, emotional, kindness, style of conduct, wisdom, attitude to life, and practical characteristics, which are composed of two factors, including: extroversion, interpersonal relationship, emotion, kindness, style of conduct, wisdom and attitude to life. "Etiquette norm" and "basic", the attribute characteristic contains four factors, namely "political / cultural characteristic", "take love as the essence", "develop" and "contain human nature". Comparing the structure of "benevolence" in ancient and modern times, we find that there are the following differences: (1) the structure changes from the original focus to the non-focus, and the original non-focus into the focus; (2) the alienation of the concept, the deletion of the old concept or the increase of the new concept, and the expansion or narrowing of the scope of the original concept; (3) the change of the basic attitude, including the disapproval of the "benevolence" and the alienation of the attitude towards certain things.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：B222;G645.5

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