【摘要】： 日常煩心事是一種常見的日常壓力源。它是日常生活中實際發(fā)生的給人帶來輕微而持續(xù)煩惱的事件、情境或沖突,往往使人們疲于應付或無法控制。日常煩心事有多種表現(xiàn)形式,常常表現(xiàn)為焦慮、厭惡、恐慌、抑郁、憤怒和其它負面情緒,并伴有不適應的行為和生理反應,可能會對人們的心身健康產(chǎn)生威脅,從而導致心身疾病。關于日常煩心事,國外已有較多研究,但國內迄今未見有對日常煩心事的研究報導。對日常煩心事的研究將有助于我們對心身健康問題的進一步了解, 本研究將從中國的實際出發(fā),借鑒西方已有研究成果,采用多種方法對大學生的日常煩心事進行研究。研究的基本思路是：首先在文獻綜述、開放式問卷調查、訪談和聽取專家意見的基礎上,初步提出本研究關于大學生日常煩心事的理論假設,并據(jù)此編制大學生日常煩心事的初測問卷；通過對初測問卷進行探索性因素分析,編制出大學生日常煩心事的正式問卷,并考察正式問卷的信度和效度；隨后從人口統(tǒng)計學變量上分析了大學生日常煩心事的特點,并用相關、回歸等方法,探討了日常煩心事與心理健康的關系；最后用ERP的方法考察了日常煩心事的情緒加工偏向。本研究通過四個實證研究,得到如下結論： (1)自編的大學生日常煩心事問卷包含人際煩惱、學業(yè)煩惱、自尋煩惱和未來擔憂四個維度,共26個題項。該問卷具有較好信效度,可以用來測量我國大學生的日常煩心事。(2)不同年級大學生的日常煩心事形成一個類似倒“U”型的發(fā)展趨勢,大二大三學生的日常煩心事程度較大一大四高；大學生的人際煩惱則呈倒“V”型,大一較低,大二逐漸升高,大三最高,大四又趨于降低；隨年級升高,學業(yè)方面的煩惱程度越來越小,而未來擔憂則越來越大。(3)性別、專業(yè)和家庭所在地在未來擔憂維度上均存在顯著差異。女生對未來的擔憂程度顯著高于男生；文科生對未來擔憂造成的煩惱程度要高于理工科學生；農村大學生的未來擔憂煩惱程度要高于城鎮(zhèn)大學生。 (4)對622名大學生的日常煩心事與心理健康進行測查,通過對二者的相關分析和回歸分析發(fā)現(xiàn),日常煩心事與心理問題呈顯著正相關,日常煩心事能夠很好地預測心理健康水平。 (5)人們對日常煩心事存在情緒加工偏向,與日常愉悅事件和中性事件相比,日常煩心事在語義加工、認知評價以及晚期的情緒性記憶痕跡上都存在加工偏向。句末詞呈現(xiàn)400ms左右,在左半球額葉、中央?yún)^(qū)和中央頂區(qū),日常煩心事比日常愉悅事件和中性事件誘發(fā)更小的N400；在450-650ms時段內,日常煩心事比日常愉悅事件和中性事件誘發(fā)更正的LPC,分布范圍較廣在額葉、中央?yún)^(qū)和中央頂區(qū)電極部位顯著。大約在750ms以后,愉悅事件和中性事件的波形有重合的趨勢,而日常煩心事的情緒效應則一直持續(xù)。
[Abstract]:Daily irritation is a common source of daily stress. It is an event, situation or conflict that actually happens in daily life to bring slight and continuous annoyance to people, which often makes people tired of coping with it or beyond their control. Everyday annoyances take many forms, often in the form of anxiety, disgust, panic, depression, anger and other negative emotions, accompanied by inappropriate behavior and physiological responses, which may pose a threat to people's mental and physical health. This leads to psychosomatic illness. There have been more studies on daily annoyances in foreign countries, but there are no reports on daily troubles in China. The study of daily annoyance will help us to better understand the mental and physical health problems. This study will start from the reality of China and draw lessons from the existing research results in the West. This paper studies the daily annoyance of college students by various methods. The basic ideas of the study are as follows: firstly, on the basis of literature review, open questionnaire survey, interviews and listening to the opinions of experts, the theoretical hypotheses of this study on the daily troubles of college students are put forward. On the basis of this, the author makes out the initial questionnaire of college students' daily annoyance, through the exploratory factor analysis of the initial test questionnaire, draws out the formal questionnaire of college students' daily annoyance, and investigates the reliability and validity of the formal questionnaire. Then it analyzes the characteristics of college students' daily annoyance from demographic variables, and discusses the relationship between daily worry and mental health by using correlation and regression methods. Finally, the emotional processing bias of daily annoyance is investigated with ERP method. Through four empirical studies, this study draws the following conclusions: (1) the self-designed questionnaire contains four dimensions of interpersonal annoyance, academic annoyance, self-seeking worry and future worry, with a total of 26 items. The questionnaire has good reliability and validity and can be used to measure the daily annoyance of college students in China. (2) the daily annoyance of students of different grades forms a trend similar to that of inverted "U" type. The degree of daily annoyance of sophomore students is higher than that of freshmen, while the interpersonal annoyance of college students is inverted "V" type, the freshman is lower, the sophomore is rising gradually, the sophomore is the highest, and the senior tends to decrease again; as the grade rises, The degree of academic worry is becoming smaller and the future worry is growing. (3) there are significant differences in the dimensions of future worry among gender, major and family location. The degree of worry about the future of female students is significantly higher than that of boys, and the degree of worry about the future caused by students of arts is higher than that of students of science and engineering. The degree of future worry of rural college students is higher than that of urban students. (4) 622 college students' daily worries and mental health were measured and analyzed by correlation analysis and regression analysis. There was a significant positive correlation between daily annoyance and psychological problems. Daily annoyance could predict mental health level well. (5) there was an emotional processing bias towards daily annoyance, which was compared with daily pleasure events and neutral events. There is a processing bias in semantic processing, cognitive evaluation and late emotional memory. In the left hemisphere frontal lobe, central area and central parietal area, the daily annoyance was smaller than that induced by daily pleasure events and neutral events, and during the 450-650ms period, Compared with the corrected LPCs induced by daily pleasure events and neutral events, the distribution of daily annoyances in the frontal lobe, the central region and the central parietal region was significantly higher than that of the corrected LPCs in the frontal lobe, central region and central parietal region. About after 750ms, the waves of pleasure events and neutral events have a tendency to overlap, while the emotional effects of daily distractions continue.
【學位授予單位】：西南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：B844.2

【引證文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 劉娜;大學新生日常煩心事、應對方式與自我和諧的關系研究[D];河北師范大學;2011年

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本文編號：2124225