本文關鍵詞： 心理求助 影響因素 自我效能　出處：《華中師范大學》2004年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：在遇到心理問題時，只有一部分大學生會到專業(yè)的心理咨詢機構尋求幫助。國外的研究者從人口學變量、個人特質和社會心理三個方面的因素分析了求助者和不求助者的區(qū)別，得到了一些比較有價值的結論。各個研究者從不同的角度研究不同的因素對心理求助的影響。這種做法雖然有助于我們從微觀層面深入地了解個體不求助的原因。但是，，從宏觀層面來看，這些結果顯得比較的零散，缺乏系統(tǒng)性和理論上的整合，在實踐應用時具有一定的局限性。而且，國外關于大學生心理求助的研究結論并不一定適用于中國的學生。基于這種狀況，研究中國大學生的心理求助特點和影響因素，并建構相應的理論模型是必要和可行的。 本研究采用問卷調查法，使用翻譯的量表和自編的問卷，以武漢市高校的400名學生為被試進行集體施測。首先，分析大學生在面對心理困擾時一般應對方式和求助對象。其次，采用多元回歸的方法探索對大學生心理求助有影響作用的預測源。最后，以自我效能為核心整合部分影響心理求助的變量，建立眾多變量與心理求助之間的結構方程模型。 研究結果表明： 1．在面對心理困擾時，大部分大學生會采取積極的應對方式。但是還有1／4的學生采取消極的應對策略。 2．在面對心理困擾時，如果決定求助，大學生首選的求助對象是朋友，其次是戀人和家人。大學生較少選擇的求助對象是心理咨詢師和老師。 3．女性比男性表現(xiàn)出更愿意求助的傾向。對于心理咨詢，女性表現(xiàn)出比男性更加接受的態(tài)度。 4．家庭整體文化氛圍越高的個體對心理咨詢的接受程度越高。家庭經濟條件越差的個體對尋求心理咨詢的幫助持有更加否定的態(tài)度。 5．影響個體在假設遇到心理困擾情景下求助意愿的變量有：心理健康控制源、對于心理咨詢社會成見的擔心和心理咨詢當事人的自我效能。外控的個體尋求幫助的可能性低于內控的個體。對于社會成見的擔心是妨礙個體求 豁 碩士學位論文 MASTER’5 THESIS 助的重要障礙。個體作為心理咨詢當事人的自我效能感越高，他們在未來遇 到心理困擾時尋求心理咨詢幫助的可能性越大。 6.影響個體真實求助意愿的變量有:心理健康控制源、對于心理咨詢社 會成見的擔心、處理心理問題的自我效能和心理咨詢當事人的自我效能、此 刻的情緒體驗。心理問題控制源這個變量對于假設情景下的求助意愿和此刻 真實求助意愿表現(xiàn)出相反的作用。外控的個體此刻求助意愿高于內控的個體， 但是在未來求助行為可能性低于內控的個體。這種結果可以從心理健康控制 源與此刻情緒狀態(tài)和處理心理問題的自我效能之間的顯著負相關得到部分的 解釋。可能越傾向于外控的個體處理心理問題的自我效能感越低，他們此刻 體驗到了更多的負面情緒，有更多的求助需要，所以表現(xiàn)出更高的求助意愿。 從另一個角度來分析，可能外控的個體非常愿意求助，但是他們行為的可能 性卻非常低。這種關系需要進一步的研究。對于社會成見的擔心和作為心理 咨詢當事人的自我效能對于此刻求助意愿的影響與對于假設情景下的求助意 愿作用機制相同。 7.結構方程模型分析顯示，個體在遇到心理困擾時決定是否尋求心理咨 詢幫助的決策過程是一個受到各個因素共同影響的過程。這些因素之間存在 適度的相關。自我效能是影響心理求助決策過程的重要因素。
[Abstract]:In the face of psychological problems, only a part of college students to the professional psychological counseling agencies for help. The foreign researchers from the demographic variables, three factors of personal characteristics and social psychological differences between the caller and caller, and obtained some valuable conclusions. The influence factors of each from different angles of different psychological help. Although this approach helps us to deeply understand the reason from the micro level of individual help. However, from a macro perspective, these results seem relatively scattered, lack of systematic and theoretical, has certain limitations in the practical application. Moreover, the conclusions of a study of psychological help seeking of college students abroad are not necessarily applicable to China students. Based on this situation, the characteristics and influence factors of College Students' psychological help seeking China, and It is necessary and feasible to construct the corresponding theoretical model.
This study adopts questionnaire survey method, using translation scale and self-designed questionnaire, with 400 students in Colleges and universities in Wuhan as subjects for collective measurement. Firstly, analysis of College Students' psychological distress in the face of the general coping style and recourse. Secondly, using multiple regression to explore predictors of effect on college students the psychological help. Finally, the self efficacy is the core part of the integration effect of the mental variables, establishes the structural equation between many variables and mental model.
The results of the study show that:
1. in the face of psychological distress, most college students take positive coping styles. However, 1 / 4 of the students take negative coping strategies.
2., in the face of psychological distress, if we decide to ask for help, the first choice for college students is friends, followed by lovers and family members. College students who are less likely to choose help are psychological counselors and teachers.
3. women were more inclined to ask for help than men. For psychological counseling, women showed a more acceptable attitude than men.
4., the higher the family's overall cultural atmosphere is, the higher the individual's acceptance of psychological counseling is. The poorer the family economic condition is, the more negative attitude they seek for psychological counseling.
5. the effect of experiencing psychological distress situations on the assumption that the individual variables will help: mental health control, concern with social stigma of counseling and psychological counseling client self-efficacy. External control individuals seeking help than control individuals. The possibility for social concern is for individual prejudices hinder
Huo
Master's degree thesis
MASTER '5 THESIS
An important obstacle to help. The higher the self-efficacy of the individual as a psychological consultant, the more they meet in the future.
The more likely it is to seek psychological counseling for psychological distress.
6. the variables that affect the individual's willingness to ask for help are: the source of mental health control and the psychological consultation Society
The fear of prejudices, the self-efficacy of psychological problems and the self-efficacy of the psychological counselling parties.
The emotional experience of engraved. The source of psychological problem control is the desire for help and the moment under the assumption.
The true desire for help shows the opposite effect. The outside controlled individual is now more willing to ask for help than the individual in the internal control.
But the individual who is less likely to ask for help in the future is less than the internal control. This result can be controlled from mental health.
The significant negative correlation between the source and the emotional state of the moment and the self-efficacy of dealing with the psychological problem is partially
Explanation. The more likely the more individuals with external control are dealing with psychological problems, the lower their self-efficacy, they are at the moment.
Experience more negative emotions and more need for help, so there is a higher willingness to ask for help.
From another point of view, the individuals who may be out of control are very willing to ask for help, but their behavior is possible.
Sex is very low. This relationship needs further research. Concerns about social stereotypes and psychology
The influence of the self-efficacy of the parties on the desire for help at the moment and the help to the hypothetical situation
The mechanism of action is the same.
The 7. structural equation model analysis shows that individuals decide whether to seek psychological counseling when they encounter psychological distress.
The decision-making process of asking for help is a process that is affected by various factors.
Moderate correlation. Self-efficacy is an important factor affecting the decision-making process of psychological help seeking.

【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2004
【分類號】：B844.2

【引證文獻】

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