本文關鍵詞：大學生創(chuàng)業(yè)心理資本的特點及其與創(chuàng)業(yè)意向的關系研究　出處：《中國地質(zhì)大學（北京）》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

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【摘要】：心理資本是積極組織行為學的核心構(gòu)念，是指個體在成長和發(fā)展過程中表現(xiàn)出來的一種積極心理狀態(tài)，包括自我效能感、樂觀、希望和韌性。心理資本能夠?qū)�體在組織中的工作態(tài)度、行為產(chǎn)生影響，并最終影響組織績效。創(chuàng)業(yè)心理資本是心理資本理論在創(chuàng)業(yè)研究中的應用，它是由個體在創(chuàng)業(yè)活動中所表現(xiàn)出的一些積極心理能力所組成的綜合性的構(gòu)念。黨的十七大提出了“實施擴大就業(yè)的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，促進以創(chuàng)業(yè)帶動就業(yè)”的方針，國家和各級政府都出臺了很多針對創(chuàng)業(yè)者、特別是大學生創(chuàng)業(yè)者的創(chuàng)業(yè)優(yōu)惠政策。對大學生創(chuàng)業(yè)者的研究先前多集中在人口統(tǒng)計學因素、人格特質(zhì)等比較難以改變的影響因素上，對影響大學生創(chuàng)業(yè)的狀態(tài)類的心理因素的研究則很少。本研究采用整群抽樣的方法，修訂出《創(chuàng)業(yè)心理資本問卷》，并進一步探討了創(chuàng)業(yè)心理資本的現(xiàn)狀特點及其與創(chuàng)業(yè)意向之間的關系。研究結(jié)果如下： （1）創(chuàng)業(yè)心理資本包含四個維度，分別是：創(chuàng)業(yè)自我效能、樂觀、希望和韌性。修訂后的創(chuàng)業(yè)心理資本問卷共22條目，按照心理測量學的標準對問卷進行了內(nèi)部一致性信度和結(jié)構(gòu)效度的檢驗，結(jié)果顯示《創(chuàng)業(yè)心理資本問卷》具有良好的信、效度，，可以作為創(chuàng)業(yè)心理資本測量的工具。 （2）大學生的創(chuàng)業(yè)心理資本總體處于中等偏上水平，創(chuàng)業(yè)心理資本的各維度的得分從高到低依次是樂觀、希望、韌性和自我效能。不同性別的大學生的創(chuàng)業(yè)心理資本沒有顯著差異。理工科學生的創(chuàng)業(yè)心理資本及其各維度得分顯著高于文科學生。 （3）創(chuàng)業(yè)心理資本能夠正向預測創(chuàng)業(yè)意向，并且創(chuàng)業(yè)心理資本的預測力好于創(chuàng)業(yè)自我效能、樂觀、希望或韌性任一維度單獨的預測力。表明創(chuàng)業(yè)心理資本作為高階核心構(gòu)念對于預測創(chuàng)業(yè)意向具有更好的作用。
[Abstract]:Psychological capital is the core of positive organizational behavior, refers to the individual in the process of growth and development of a positive psychological state, including self-efficacy, optimism. Hope and toughness. Psychological capital can affect individual work attitude and behavior in the organization, and ultimately affect organizational performance. Venture psychological capital is the application of psychological capital theory in entrepreneurial research. It is a comprehensive idea composed of some positive psychological abilities of individuals in entrepreneurial activities. The 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the policy of "carrying out the development strategy of expanding employment and promoting employment by entrepreneurship". The state and governments at all levels have issued a lot of entrepreneurial preferential policies for entrepreneurs, especially university entrepreneurs. The research on university entrepreneurs has focused on demographic factors. Personality traits and other more difficult to change the impact of factors, there are few psychological factors affecting the state of entrepreneurship of college students. This study adopted cluster sampling method, revised the "Entrepreneurial Psychological Capital questionnaire". Furthermore, it discusses the current characteristics of entrepreneurial psychological capital and its relationship with entrepreneurial intention. The results are as follows: Entrepreneurial psychological capital includes four dimensions: entrepreneurial self-efficacy, optimism, hope and resilience. The revised questionnaire on entrepreneurial psychological capital consists of 22 items. According to the standard of psychometrics, the internal consistency reliability and structural validity of the questionnaire are tested. The results show that the questionnaire has good reliability and validity. It can be used as a tool to measure the psychological capital of entrepreneurship. 2) College students' entrepreneurial psychological capital is generally in the upper middle level, and the scores of each dimension of entrepreneurial psychological capital are optimistic and hopeful from high to low. There was no significant difference in entrepreneurial psychological capital among different genders. The scores of entrepreneurial psychological capital and its dimensions of science and engineering students were significantly higher than those of liberal arts students. 3) Entrepreneurial psychological capital can positively predict entrepreneurial intention, and the predictive power of entrepreneurial psychological capital is better than entrepreneurial self-efficacy and optimistic. It is shown that entrepreneurial psychological capital as a high order core structure plays a better role in predicting entrepreneurial intention.
【學位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學（北京）
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：G645.5;G444

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