【摘要】：職業(yè)決策困難是個(gè)體在做職業(yè)決策過(guò)程中可能遇到的各種難題，是從準(zhǔn)備到最終決策過(guò)程中，個(gè)體可能遇見(jiàn)的各種問(wèn)題，分為在決策過(guò)程開(kāi)始前的困難和在決策過(guò)程中的困難，主要從兩個(gè)方面影響決策者行為：阻礙個(gè)人做出決策或所做的決策不是最優(yōu)決策。 本研究關(guān)注職業(yè)決策困難對(duì)高職生的影響機(jī)制，研究采用《職業(yè)決策困難問(wèn)卷》、《社會(huì)支持評(píng)定量表》、《成就動(dòng)機(jī)量表》，以常州工程職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院（三年制高職）中一、二、三年級(jí)學(xué)生，江蘇城市職業(yè)學(xué)院（武進(jìn)電大，五年制高職）中四、五年級(jí)學(xué)生，為研究對(duì)象，對(duì)438人進(jìn)行有效調(diào)查，考察了高職生成就動(dòng)機(jī)、社會(huì)支持、職業(yè)決策困難三個(gè)變量的現(xiàn)狀，，從學(xué)制、專(zhuān)業(yè)、性別角度考察了高職生在這三個(gè)變量上的差異，并探討了高職生成就動(dòng)機(jī)、社會(huì)支持與職業(yè)決策困難三者間的關(guān)系，對(duì)社會(huì)支持在成就動(dòng)機(jī)對(duì)職業(yè)決策困難影響中的中介效應(yīng)進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)。研究得出以下結(jié)論： （1）高職生職業(yè)決策困難、社會(huì)支持均處于中等水平，成就動(dòng)機(jī)偏低。 （2）高職生在信息不足、職業(yè)資料不足、對(duì)自己認(rèn)識(shí)不足三個(gè)因子上，三年制高職生得分顯著低于五年制高職生、男生得分顯著低于女生；職業(yè)決策困難總分在學(xué)制、專(zhuān)業(yè)性別上均無(wú)顯著差異。 （3）高職生成就動(dòng)機(jī)總分及各因子在不同學(xué)制、專(zhuān)業(yè)、性別上均無(wú)顯著差異。 （4）高職生社會(huì)支持總分在不同學(xué)制、專(zhuān)業(yè)、性別上均無(wú)顯著差異；客觀支持維度上存在性別差異顯著，男生高于女生；對(duì)支持的利用度上專(zhuān)業(yè)差異顯著，文科高于理科。 （5）成就動(dòng)機(jī)、社會(huì)支持與職業(yè)決策困難兩兩存在顯著的相關(guān)關(guān)系：成就動(dòng)機(jī)與社會(huì)支持分別與職業(yè)決策困難呈顯著的負(fù)相關(guān)，成就動(dòng)機(jī)與社會(huì)支持呈顯著的正相關(guān)。 （6）成就動(dòng)機(jī)中的避免失敗的動(dòng)機(jī)、社會(huì)支持中的客觀支持，兩個(gè)因子對(duì)職業(yè)決策困難有預(yù)測(cè)作用。 （7）社會(huì)支持在成就動(dòng)機(jī)對(duì)職業(yè)決策困難的影響中起中介作用。 根據(jù)研究結(jié)論，提出以下建議：高職生個(gè)體要激發(fā)個(gè)人的成就動(dòng)機(jī)、提高對(duì)社會(huì)支持的利用水平；高職院校要建立健全分學(xué)制、有針對(duì)性的職業(yè)指導(dǎo)機(jī)制；國(guó)家政策層面要向高等職業(yè)教育提供更多的教育資源。
[Abstract]:Career decision making difficulty is a variety of difficult problems that an individual may encounter in the process of making a career decision. From the preparation to the final decision process, a variety of problems that an individual may encounter can be divided into difficulties before the beginning of the decision-making process and in the decision-making process. The behavior of decision makers is mainly influenced by two aspects: one is to hinder individuals from making decisions or the other is not to make optimal decisions. This study focuses on the influence mechanism of career decision making difficulties on vocational college students, and adopts the questionnaire of career decision making difficulties, the Social support rating scale, the Achievement motivation scale, and Changzhou Vocational and Technical College of Engineering (3 years higher Vocational College). The second and third year students, the fourth and fifth grade students of Jiangsu City Vocational College (Wujin Radio and TV University, Five-year higher Vocational College), were taken as the objects of study, and 438 students were effectively investigated, and the motive for the formation of higher vocational education and social support were investigated. The present situation of the three variables of career decision-making difficulties, from the point of view of school system, specialty and gender, examines the differences among these three variables, and probes into the relationship among the motivation of higher vocational school generation, social support and career decision making difficulties. This paper examines the intermediary effect of social support in the influence of achievement motivation on career decision making difficulties. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the vocational students' career decision making is difficult, the social support is in the middle level, and the achievement motivation is low. (2) the students in higher vocational college are lack of information, professional data and understanding of themselves. The score of three-year vocational students is significantly lower than that of five-year vocational students, and the score of boys is significantly lower than that of girls; There was no significant difference in academic structure and gender of professional decision-making difficulties. (3) there is no significant difference in the total score of motivation and every factor in different academic system, specialty, sex. (4) there was no significant difference in the total score of social support in different academic system, major, gender; there was significant gender difference in objective support dimension, boys were higher than female; the utilization of support was significantly different in specialty, liberal arts was higher than science. (5) there is significant correlation between achievement motivation, social support and career decision making difficulty: achievement motivation and social support have significant negative correlation with career decision making difficulty, and achievement motivation has significant positive correlation with social support. (6) the motivation of avoiding failure in achievement motivation, objective support in social support and two factors can predict the difficulty of career decision making. (7) Social support plays an intermediary role in the influence of achievement motivation on career decision making difficulties. According to the conclusions of the study, the following suggestions are put forward: the individual students in higher vocational colleges should stimulate their individual achievement motivation and improve the utilization level of social support, and higher vocational colleges should establish and improve the division system and the corresponding vocational guidance mechanism; At the level of national policy, more educational resources should be provided to higher vocational education.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G444

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