【摘要】：委婉語是世界各民族語言中普遍存在的現(xiàn)象,是目前語言學界所關(guān)注的熱點。不同的文化氛圍和社會歷史背景會產(chǎn)生出各異的委婉語。漢法兩種語言中都存在著大量的委婉語,對比分析漢法委婉語,不僅能反映出中法兩國在社會歷史文化、深層價值觀念以及民族心理等諸多方面上的共同性和差異性,對跨文化交際和漢法語教學也有重要的指導意義。充分地了解一個國家的文化能讓外語學習者更快地適應目的語國家,還能夠加強跨文化交際技能。外語教師也應該擴充更多的文化知識,同時將這些知識植入到教學當中去,使學生能夠在跨文化交際的同時更好地運用語言知識,進而避免文化沖突。全文共分為六部分： 緒論部分主要介紹了選題背景、選題意義以及委婉語研究綜述。 第一章從定義、產(chǎn)生原因等方面對中法委婉語進行了簡單介紹,并從死亡、人體的缺陷、日常生活等九個方面說明了委婉語的使用范圍。 第二章從語義功能、社交功能兩個方面對中法委婉語的共通性進行了描述。在語義功能上,委婉語代替了“不敢說”、“不想說”和“不好意思說”；在社交功能上,委婉語有禮貌功能和避俗功能。 第三章從對“神”和“鬼”的婉稱上、對人的婉稱上、表示“老”的婉稱上、漢語中的諧音禁忌、語用文化上對中法委婉語的差異性進行了詳細地分析。 第四章針對對外漢語教學中的委婉語教學提出了一些可行性教學建議。 結(jié)論部分對本文的研究進行了總結(jié),并提出了本文的創(chuàng)新之處和不足之處。
[Abstract]:Euphemism is a common phenomenon in the languages of all nationalities in the world, and it is the focus of attention in the field of linguistics. Different cultural atmosphere and social and historical background will produce different euphemisms. There are a lot of euphemisms in both Chinese and French languages. A contrastive analysis of euphemisms in Chinese and French can not only reflect the similarities and differences between China and France in many aspects, such as social history and culture, deep-seated values and national psychology, etc. It also has important guiding significance to cross-cultural communication and Chinese-French teaching. A good understanding of the culture of a country can make foreign language learners adapt to the target language countries more quickly, and can also enhance intercultural communication skills. Foreign language teachers should also expand more cultural knowledge and incorporate it into teaching so that students can make better use of language knowledge while communicating with each other so as to avoid cultural conflicts. The thesis is divided into six parts: the introduction mainly introduces the background, significance and euphemism research. The first chapter gives a brief introduction to euphemism in China and France from the aspects of definition and cause, and explains the scope of euphemism in nine aspects, such as death, human defects and daily life. The second chapter describes the commonality of Chinese and French euphemism from two aspects: semantic function and social function. In semantic function, euphemism replaces "do not dare to say", "does not want to say" and "embarrassed to say"; in the social function, euphemism has the function of politeness and avoiding vulgarity. The third chapter analyzes the difference of Chinese French euphemism from the euphemism of "god" and "ghost", the euphemism of human, the euphemism of "old", the homophonic taboo in Chinese, and the pragmatic culture of French euphemism. The fourth chapter puts forward some feasible teaching suggestions for euphemism teaching in the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language. The conclusion part summarizes the research of this paper, and puts forward the innovation and deficiency of this paper.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：H195

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