發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-08 02:26

  本文選題：《漢語水平詞匯與漢字等級(jí)大綱》 + 同素逆序詞�。� 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：同素逆序詞就是構(gòu)詞語素序位互逆的同素詞,且以雙音節(jié)復(fù)合詞為主。留學(xué)生在使用過程中,經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)一系列偏誤,對(duì)同素逆序詞的研究能夠更好地指導(dǎo)教學(xué)。目前對(duì)同素逆序詞的研究多從漢語本體的角度研究其界定、成因、特點(diǎn)等。本文從對(duì)外漢語教學(xué)的角度研究《漢語水平詞匯與漢字等級(jí)大綱》中的同素逆序詞,并結(jié)合具體語料和教材,提出同素逆序詞對(duì)外漢語教學(xué)的建議,目的在于有效指導(dǎo)這類詞的教學(xué)。本文主要從以下幾個(gè)方面,開展研究工作:第一,搜索出大綱中的52對(duì)同素逆序詞,并對(duì)其詞性、詞義和結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析。大綱中同素逆序詞詞性以不變?yōu)橹?詞義多為同素逆序異義詞,其結(jié)構(gòu)多為聯(lián)合結(jié)構(gòu)和偏正結(jié)構(gòu)。意義相近或相關(guān)的同素逆序詞是學(xué)習(xí)的難點(diǎn),應(yīng)把握其在范圍、程度、側(cè)重點(diǎn)、搭配、句法功能、感情色彩的差異。第二,考查留學(xué)生同素逆序詞的習(xí)得情況。搜索了北京語言大學(xué)HSK動(dòng)態(tài)作文語料庫(kù)中的語料,確定了語料庫(kù)中高偏誤率的詞對(duì);從高頻使用、高偏誤率和學(xué)生學(xué)過的詞三個(gè)角度設(shè)置了同素逆序詞習(xí)得情況調(diào)查問卷。調(diào)查問卷在一定程度上彌補(bǔ)了語料庫(kù)語料不足的缺陷。語料庫(kù)中高偏誤率的詞對(duì),有些在問卷中偏誤率卻很低,語境能夠幫助留學(xué)生選擇正確的同素逆序詞。第三,結(jié)合對(duì)外漢語教材,指出教材中釋義不科學(xué)的地方并對(duì)其釋義提出建議。同素逆序詞的教法,應(yīng)在對(duì)同素逆序詞詞性、詞義、結(jié)構(gòu)和辨析方法分析的基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合高偏誤率詞對(duì)和具體語料進(jìn)行。提出了重視語素教學(xué),詞與字(語素)教學(xué)相結(jié)合;用近義詞辨析方法分析同素逆序詞;注重教學(xué)順序分階段教學(xué)和結(jié)合語境進(jìn)行教學(xué)的建議。本研究結(jié)果顯示,意義相近或相關(guān)的同素逆序詞是教學(xué)中的難點(diǎn),教師應(yīng)加強(qiáng)對(duì)這些詞的辨析。
[Abstract]:The converse word is a conformational word with inverse morpheme order, and the disyllabic compound word is the main word. A series of errors often occur in the process of use by foreign students. At present, the research on the inverse word of the same morpheme mainly studies its definition, causes and characteristics from the perspective of Chinese ontology. From the perspective of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, this paper studies the converse words in the outline of Chinese level Vocabulary and Chinese characters, and puts forward some suggestions for teaching Chinese as a foreign language with the help of specific corpus and teaching materials. The purpose is to effectively guide the teaching of such words. The main work of this paper is as follows: first, 52 pairs of converse words in the outline are searched, and their parts of speech, meaning and structure are analyzed. In the outline, the part of speech of the same morpheme reverse order word is mainly invariant, the word meaning is mostly the same element reverse order dismeaning word, its structure mostly is the joint structure and the partial structure. It is difficult to study the similar or related syntactic reverse words. We should grasp the differences in scope, degree, emphasis, collocation, syntactic function and emotional color. The second part is to examine the acquisition of the same morpheme reverse word by the foreign students. This paper searches the corpus of HSK dynamic composition of Beijing language and language University, determines the word pairs with high error rate in the corpus, and sets up a questionnaire on the acquisition of the same morpheme reverse word from the three angles of high frequency use, high error rate and the words learned by students. To some extent, the questionnaire makes up for the deficiency of corpus. Some of the word pairs with high error rate in the corpus have a low error rate in the questionnaire. Context can help foreign students to choose the correct word with the same morpheme in reverse order. Thirdly, combining the teaching materials of TCFL, the author points out the unscientific interpretation of the textbooks and puts forward some suggestions. The teaching method of inverse word of the same element should be based on the analysis of part of speech, word meaning, structure and method of discriminating the word pair with high error rate and the concrete corpus. The paper puts forward some suggestions to pay attention to the teaching of morpheme, the combination of word and word (morpheme) teaching, the analysis of the same morpheme reverse word by using the method of synonym discrimination, and the suggestion of paying attention to teaching sequence by stages and combining context teaching. The results of this study show that the similar or related words with the same morpheme are difficult points in teaching, and teachers should strengthen the analysis of these words.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H195.3

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