本文選題：帶賓語動結(jié)構(gòu)式　切入點：構(gòu)式語法　出處：《湖南師范大學》2009年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】： 英漢動結(jié)式一直以來就是語言學界爭論的熱點問題,以往國內(nèi)外對該句式的研究大多只限于對一種語言如英語或漢語動結(jié)構(gòu)式,很少對兩種或兩種以上語言的構(gòu)式做對比研究,難以發(fā)現(xiàn)語言間的共性和個性,且在以往研究的各種理論框架下,一些句法和語義問題仍未得到有效地解釋。前人研究存在的不足為在新的理論框架下重新分析討論這一句式提出了必要性。本文將從不同于前人研究的角度,采用構(gòu)式語法理論,對英漢兩種語言中帶賓語動結(jié)構(gòu)式這一動結(jié)構(gòu)式的基本句式做對比研究,研究動詞是如何和構(gòu)式整合的,對比其成分結(jié)構(gòu)如賓語角色類型,分析動詞的各種不同特征,補語的語義指向問題并且分析語義與句法之間是怎樣聯(lián)系起來等等,以期能對動結(jié)構(gòu)式作出進一步更深入的解釋。 根據(jù)構(gòu)式語法,本文認為英漢語帶賓語動結(jié)式是一個帶有詞匯意義之外的獨立構(gòu)式意義的論元結(jié)構(gòu),包含三種次構(gòu)式:補語指向賓語的動結(jié)構(gòu)式(Object-oriented resultative construction),補語指向主語的動結(jié)構(gòu)式(Subject-oriented resultative construction with object)(僅適用于漢語),補語指向動詞的動結(jié)構(gòu)式(Verb-oriented resultativeconstruction with object)(僅適用于漢語)。除具有共同的“致使一結(jié)果”這一抽象意義之外,它們還具有各自更具體的構(gòu)式語義和句法特征,各成分具有不同的語義限制。具體說來,第一種次構(gòu)式,即補語指向賓語的帶賓語動結(jié)構(gòu)式,帶有施事致使者、賓語和結(jié)果這三大題元角色和獨立于詞匯意義的“致使賓語狀態(tài)受到影響”的構(gòu)式義,在此構(gòu)式中,賓語的地位是整個構(gòu)式賦予的,與主要動詞V是否為及物動詞無必然聯(lián)系,且賓語狀態(tài)受到一定的影響,結(jié)果補語R在語義上指向受到影響的賓語論元角色,同時構(gòu)式還賦予了一個結(jié)果論元角色。第二種次構(gòu)式(僅適用于漢語),即補語指向主語的帶賓語動結(jié)構(gòu)式,帶有施事、受事及結(jié)果這三大論元角色和獨立于詞匯意義之外的“致使施事狀態(tài)經(jīng)歷(雖不是必然的)變化”的構(gòu)式義,在此構(gòu)式中,結(jié)果論元角色是整個構(gòu)式賦予的,且結(jié)果補語R在語義上指向受到影響的施事論元角色。第三種次構(gòu)式(僅適用于漢語),即補語指向動詞的帶賓語動結(jié)構(gòu)式,也是一個獨立的論元結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)式,帶有施事、受事及狀態(tài)三大題元角色,結(jié)果狀態(tài)這一論元角色是構(gòu)式賦予的,在語義上指向主要動詞。通過對比英漢兩種語言的帶賓語動結(jié)構(gòu)式的分類、句法和語義特征、語義限制以及能產(chǎn)性,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)英漢帶賓語動結(jié)構(gòu)式的個性大于共性,這很好地揭示了語言的類型學差異,為我們更好地了解英漢語言提供了幫助。 本文在構(gòu)式語法的框架下比較充分地解釋了帶賓語動結(jié)構(gòu)式中賓語的本質(zhì)、一價動詞能帶賓語的原因、結(jié)果補語的語義指向的本質(zhì)以及構(gòu)式之間的關系。通過對比研究,不僅揭示了英漢帶賓語動結(jié)構(gòu)式的共性和個性,而且加深了我們對英漢語言的認識。本文的研究有一定的理論和實踐價值。這是對構(gòu)式語法理論運用于英漢語句式,尤其是特殊句式研究可行性的驗證。同時也能為對外漢語教學和英漢翻譯提供有益的參考和幫助。
[Abstract]:English and Chinese resultative construction has always been a hot topic in linguistics, the previous research on this kind of home and abroad are limited to a language such as English or Chinese resultatives, rarely do the comparative study on the construction of two or more than two languages, it is difficult to find similarities and differences between languages, a variety of theoretical framework and in previous studies, some syntactic and semantic problems have not been effectively explained. For the shortcomings of previous studies in the new theoretical framework to analyze the sentence. This paper puts forward the necessity to research from different angles, using the theory of construction grammar, do a comparative study of the basic object sentence with the dynamic structure of resultatives in two languages, the verb is how to research and construction integration, compared to its composition and structure as the object role types, analysis of verbs with different characteristics, complement The semantic point of the language points to the problem and analyzes how the semantic and syntactic relations are connected, and so on, in order to make a further and more thorough explanation of the dynamic structure.
According to construction grammar, this paper thinks that Chinese Resultative is an object with the word meaning beyond the meaning of the independent argument structure, three kinds of constructions including: itrefers to the resultative object (Object-oriented resultative construction), resultative complement to the main language (Subject-oriented resultative construction with object) (only available in Chinese), resultative verb complement point (Verb-oriented resultativeconstruction with object) (only for Chinese). In addition to have a common "cause result" the abstract meaning, they also have their own specific constructional semantic and syntactic features, each component has different semantic limits. Specifically, the first time that complement constructions, point to the object with the object structure, with the three agent causer, thematic roles and independent objects and results In the lexical meaning of "the object state is affected by the constructional meaning, in this construction, the status of the construction object is given, and the main verb transitive verb V is not necessarily connected, and the object state is affected, the result complement R in the semantic point affected object argument at the same time the role, also gives a result of argument roles. Second kinds of constructions (only available in Chinese), which points to the subject with object complement construction, with the agent, the patient and the results of these three kinds of outside element and independent of the lexical meaning of the role of" the state of the agent (although not certain) the constructional meaning of change ", in this construction, the argument role is the construction given, and the results of complement R in the semantic point affected agent argument roles. Third kinds of constructions (only available in Chinese), which complement to move The object construction is also an independent argument structure constructions, with the agent, patient and the status of the three major thematic roles, the status of this argument is given the role of construction, pointing in the semantics of the main verb. By comparing the two languages with object resultative constructions the classification, syntactic and semantic features, semantic constraints and productivity, we find that Chinese and English with the object structure type personality more than common, it reveals a good language typological difference, is helpful for us to better understand the English language.
In this paper, under the framework of construction grammar fully explains the essence of object structure with object, can cause monovalent verbs take an object, the relationship between the nature of the semantic orientation of the complement and construction. Through the comparative study, not only reveals the commonness and individuality between English and Chinese with the object dynamic structure, and to deepen our understanding of the English language. This study has certain theoretical and practical value. This is the grammar used in English and Chinese sentences, especially the feasibility study on special sentence. At the same time, can also provide useful reference and help for foreign language teaching and translation.

【學位授予單位】：湖南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：H146;H314

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