本文選題：美國 + 高中課程��； 參考：《天津師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：為了應(yīng)對21世紀(jì)STEM人才稀缺的難題,美國基礎(chǔ)教育階段的STEM教育與課程改革目前正在進(jìn)行。上至聯(lián)邦政府與國會,下至地方的各類非盈利機(jī)構(gòu)紛紛出臺相應(yīng)的法案與研究報(bào)告,學(xué)區(qū)負(fù)責(zé)人與學(xué)校的政策制定者也紛紛響應(yīng)號召,依據(jù)自身的實(shí)際情況做出積極的改變。高中生在畢業(yè)時需要做好升學(xué)與就業(yè)的雙重準(zhǔn)備。因此,為了培養(yǎng)出具有高素質(zhì)STEM素養(yǎng)的人才,高中階段開設(shè)相應(yīng)的課程與實(shí)施對應(yīng)的項(xiàng)目就顯得必不可少。 隨著全球化的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展,目前我國也面臨著高素質(zhì)理工科人才的缺失以及高中STEM課程與大學(xué)STEM課程銜接不利的問題。從這個意義上來看,研究美國STEM課程的發(fā)展歷史與分析STEM課程現(xiàn)狀,借鑒其經(jīng)驗(yàn),總結(jié)對我國的STEM課程改革的有益之處,是極有必要的。本文主要分為三大部分： 首先,本文回顧了20世紀(jì)80年代到21世紀(jì)之前的STEM課程理念發(fā)展歷史,分析了STEM教育發(fā)展的時代背景、STEM學(xué)科融合的初始以及發(fā)展。 隨后,文章的重點(diǎn)放在了STEM課程在21世紀(jì)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,并對現(xiàn)有的問題進(jìn)行了分析。內(nèi)容主要分為兩大部分：21世紀(jì)美國高中STEM課程現(xiàn)狀以及相關(guān)的分析。 最后,結(jié)合美國STEM課程發(fā)展的歷史與現(xiàn)狀,得出了對我國的以下啟示：在基礎(chǔ)教育階段增強(qiáng)STEM課程整合理念,吸引優(yōu)秀生源；高中階段增加STEM項(xiàng)目,拓展課程實(shí)施途徑；建立有特色的STEM高中,為STEM課程提供優(yōu)質(zhì)環(huán)境；大力培養(yǎng)合格的STEM教師,確保STEM課程有效實(shí)施。
[Abstract]:In order to deal with the shortage of STEM talents in the 21st century, the STEM education and curriculum reform in the basic education stage of the United States is being carried out at present. From the federal government and Congress to local non-profit organizations have issued corresponding bills and research reports school district leaders and school policy makers have responded to the call to make positive changes according to their actual situation. High school students need to be prepared for both study and employment when they graduate. Therefore, in order to cultivate talents with high quality STEM literacy, it is necessary to open corresponding courses and implement corresponding projects in senior high school. With the further development of globalization, our country is also faced with the lack of high-quality science and engineering talents and the unfavorable connection between STEM courses in senior high schools and STEM courses in universities. From this point of view, it is very necessary to study the history of STEM curriculum development in America, analyze the present situation of STEM curriculum, draw lessons from its experience and sum up the benefits to the reform of STEM curriculum in our country. This paper is divided into three parts: firstly, this paper reviews the history of STEM curriculum concept development from 1980s to 21st century, and analyzes the background of STEM education development and the initial and development of STEM subject integration. Then, the article focuses on the development of STEM curriculum in the 21st century, and analyzes the existing problems. The content is divided into two parts: the current situation and related analysis of STEM curriculum in American high school in the 21 st century. Finally, according to the history and current situation of STEM curriculum development in the United States, the author draws the following revelations to our country: strengthening the idea of STEM curriculum integration in the basic education stage, attracting excellent students, adding STEM projects in senior middle school and expanding the course implementation ways; Set up the characteristic STEM high school, provide the high quality environment for the STEM course, train the qualified STEM teacher energetically, ensure the effective implementation of the STEM course.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G639.712

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