本文選題：初中 + 物理課堂　； 參考：《延邊大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：世界各國都著力關注科學素養(yǎng)的相關研究,在提高學生科學素養(yǎng)的前提下,掀起了第三次課程改革的浪潮。在國際大背景的帶動下,我國自2001年新課程改革開始以后,將培養(yǎng)學生的科學素養(yǎng)作為教育的重中之重,其中科學態(tài)度的培養(yǎng)就成為了熱點話題。態(tài)度是人們在自身道德觀和價值觀基礎上對事物的評價和行為傾向,俗話說態(tài)度決定一切,所以學生的學習態(tài)度對其學習來說至關重要,良好的科學態(tài)度對物理等科學內容的學習具有十分重要的意義。根據(jù)心理學態(tài)度的認知、情感和行為傾向三個要素理論制定了學生和教師問卷《在初中物理課堂中學生科學態(tài)度的調查問卷》和《初中物理教師對學生科學態(tài)度培養(yǎng)情況的問卷》。再根據(jù)物理教學理論和凱爾曼提出了態(tài)度形成的三階段理論,即依從-認同-內化,制定了在初中物理課堂中學生科學態(tài)度的培養(yǎng)途徑。通過對某地區(qū)漢族學校初中生在物理課堂中的科學態(tài)度水平的調查,分析學生科學態(tài)度存在的問題,再通過對該地區(qū)漢族學校初中物理教師在課堂中對學生科學態(tài)度的培養(yǎng)情況的調查,分析學生科學態(tài)度的成因,制定在初中物理課堂中學生科學態(tài)度的培養(yǎng)途徑,得出結論：1、改善初中物理教師對學生科學認知的培養(yǎng)。從教學環(huán)節(jié)入手,包括預習環(huán)節(jié),正課教學環(huán)節(jié),總結應用環(huán)節(jié)；從教學內容入手,初中物理課程標準要求的基本內容與學生身邊生活、STSE緊密聯(lián)系,課堂中加強科學探究活動；從教學形式入手,包括分組教學,開放教學或現(xiàn)場教學,個別教學。2、改善初中物理教師對學生科學情感的培養(yǎng)。從教學環(huán)節(jié)入手,包括課前小演講環(huán)節(jié),正課教學環(huán)節(jié)；從教學內容入手,初中物理課程標準要求的基本內容與各學科之間相互聯(lián)系與滲透,初中物理課程標準要求的基本內容與學生身邊生活、STSE緊密聯(lián)系,科學探究內容,有助于改善教師對學生情感的培養(yǎng)；從教學形式入手,包括個別教學,分組教學,開放教學或現(xiàn)場教學。3、改善初中物理教師對學生科學行為傾向的培養(yǎng)。從教學環(huán)節(jié)入手,包括預習環(huán)節(jié),布置課后作業(yè)環(huán)節(jié)；從教學內容入手,初中物理課程標準要求的基本內容與各學科之間相互聯(lián)系與滲透,與學生身邊生活、STSE緊密聯(lián)系,重視科學探究內容,改善教師對學生行為傾向的培養(yǎng)；從教學形式入手,包括個別教學,開放教學或現(xiàn)場教學。將途徑進行了行動實踐,學生的科學態(tài)度有了顯著性的提高,學生科學態(tài)度的方面各項指標都有了明顯的進步,結論如下：1、該途徑經過了實踐,初中生的科學態(tài)度整體有了顯著性提高。在95%的置信區(qū)間內,P=0.000.05,在0.05顯著性水平上學生的科學態(tài)度有了顯著性的提高,說明本研究的途徑有效。2、初中生科學態(tài)度的認知、情感、行為傾向三個方面都有了顯著性提高,該途徑的三個方面均有效。3、不同性別的初中生的科學態(tài)度有了顯著性的提高,該途徑對不同性別的初中生群體有效。同時針對反思問題對教師、學校、社會各界提出了相關的建議。綜上所述,本研究通過準確科學的研究方法和認真負責的行動過程,確定了可行有效的在初中物理課堂中學生科學態(tài)度的培養(yǎng)途徑,豐富了科學態(tài)度培養(yǎng)的理論體系,更為實踐教學提供了真實方案。
[Abstract]:All the countries of the world pay attention to the relevant research on scientific literacy. Under the premise of improving students' scientific literacy, the third wave of curriculum reform has been set off. Under the impetus of the international background, since the beginning of the new curriculum reform in 2001, the cultivation of students' scientific literacy is the most important part of education, among which scientific attitude is cultivated. Attitude is a hot topic. Attitude is the evaluation and behavior tendency of people on the basis of their own moral values and values. The common saying says that attitude determines everything, so the students' learning attitude is very important to their study. A good scientific attitude is of great significance to the study of physics and other scientific contents. The three theory of cognition, emotion and behavior tendencies formulated the questionnaire of students and teachers' questionnaire < in the middle school physics classroom > the questionnaire > and the questionnaire of the middle school physics teacher's attitude to the students' scientific attitude. Then, according to the theory of physics teaching and Kell man, the three stage theory, namely, compliance and identity, is put forward. Through the investigation of the scientific attitude level of the junior middle school students in the physics class, this paper analyzes the problems of the students' scientific attitude, and then through the cultivation of the students' scientific attitude to the students in the Middle School of the Han school in the area. To analyze the causes of students' scientific attitude, and to formulate the ways to cultivate students' scientific attitude in junior high school physics class, and draw conclusions: 1, improve the training of students' scientific cognition in junior middle school physics. The basic contents of the curriculum standards are closely related to the life around students, STSE is closely linked, and the scientific inquiry activities are strengthened in the classroom. Starting with the teaching form, including the group teaching, the open teaching or the field teaching, the individual teaching.2, improving the junior middle school physics teachers to cultivate the students' scientific emotion, and starting with the teaching link, including the small lecture before the class, From the teaching content, starting with the teaching content, the basic content of the junior middle school physics curriculum standard requirements and the interrelated and infiltration between the various subjects, the basic content of the standard of junior high school physics curriculum standards and the life around the students, STSE closely related, scientific inquiry content, help to improve the teachers' Cultivation of students' emotion; from the form of teaching. Hand, including individual teaching, group teaching, open teaching or field teaching.3, improve the training of students' scientific behavior tendency in junior middle school physics. Starting with the teaching link, including preview links, arranging homework links; starting with the teaching content, the basic content of the standard requirements of junior high school physics curriculum and the interrelated and infiltration of various subjects. It is closely related to the life around the students, STSE is closely linked, the content of scientific inquiry is paid attention to, and the teacher's cultivation of students' behavior tendency is improved. From the teaching form, including individual teaching, open teaching or field teaching, the way of action is carried out, the students' scientific attitude has been significantly improved and the students' scientific attitude has all the indicators. There are obvious progress, the conclusions are as follows: 1, after the practice, the scientific attitude of junior high school students has been significantly improved. In the 95% confidence interval, P=0.000.05, at the 0.05 significant level, the students' scientific attitude has been significantly improved, indicating that the approach of this study is effective.2, junior high school students' scientific attitude cognition, emotion, The three aspects of behavioral tendencies have been improved significantly. The three aspects of this approach are all effective.3. The scientific attitude of junior high school students of different sexes has been significantly improved. This approach is effective for different sex junior high school students. At the same time, some relevant suggestions are put forward to teachers, schools and all walks of life for reflection. Through the accurate scientific research method and the conscientious and responsible action process, we have determined the feasible and effective ways to cultivate students' scientific attitude in junior high school physics class, enrich the theoretical system of scientific attitude cultivation, and provide a real scheme for practical teaching.

【學位授予單位】：延邊大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G633.7

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