本文選題：APOS理論 + 解題�。� 參考：《閩南師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)離不開解題,學(xué)好數(shù)學(xué)就意味著善于解題,而教學(xué)內(nèi)容以解題為主的習(xí)題課在數(shù)學(xué)課程中就顯得尤為重要。但是,由于受到應(yīng)試教育及“熟能生巧”傳統(tǒng)思想的影響,習(xí)題課教學(xué)現(xiàn)狀不容樂觀,主要表現(xiàn)之一就是缺少解題理論的科學(xué)指導(dǎo)。杜賓斯基提出的APOS理論可以為數(shù)學(xué)習(xí)題課教學(xué)提供理論基礎(chǔ),為數(shù)學(xué)習(xí)題課教學(xué)尋求新途徑,并對一線教師的習(xí)題課教學(xué)有所幫助。而且,APOS理論是為數(shù)不多的依據(jù)數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)科特點而建立的教學(xué)理論,對此理論進行深入的研究也是十分有意義的。本文先采用問卷調(diào)查的研究方法從兩方面了解學(xué)生在數(shù)學(xué)習(xí)題課中的學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)狀。一方面以問卷的形式了解學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)水平的現(xiàn)狀,分析存在的主要問題;另一方面以測試題的形式,依據(jù)APOS理論調(diào)查學(xué)生的認知水平的現(xiàn)狀,發(fā)現(xiàn)以下問題:(1)80%的學(xué)生已達到活動階段和過程階段;(2)45%-60%的學(xué)生達到對象階段;(3)僅有20%-40%的學(xué)生達到圖式階段。針對上述對習(xí)題課學(xué)習(xí)的調(diào)查現(xiàn)狀,基于APOS理論對數(shù)學(xué)習(xí)題課教學(xué)進行優(yōu)化實踐,開展微型教學(xué)實驗,并通過數(shù)學(xué)成績和出聲思維測試兩方面來檢驗實驗效果。研究結(jié)果表明:(1)基于APOS理論的數(shù)學(xué)習(xí)題課教學(xué)效果明顯優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)教學(xué)效果;(2)個別學(xué)生由于認知水平偏低、數(shù)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)差等原因還不能掌握解題思路探索方法,實驗效果不明顯。在調(diào)查研究和實驗研究的基礎(chǔ)上,針對數(shù)學(xué)習(xí)題課教學(xué),依據(jù)APOS理論分析學(xué)生在解題時的內(nèi)部思維過程,體會對數(shù)學(xué)習(xí)題課教學(xué)活動的啟示,并探討基于APOS理論的數(shù)學(xué)習(xí)題課教學(xué)策略:(1)呈現(xiàn)解題思路探索過程;(2)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)會建構(gòu)完整的知識圖式;(3)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生解題后積極反思的習(xí)慣。
[Abstract]:Learning mathematics is inseparable from solving problems, learning mathematics well means being good at solving problems, and the lesson of problem solving is especially important in mathematics course. However, due to the influence of examination-oriented education and the traditional thought of "practice makes perfect", the present situation of exercise teaching is not optimistic. One of the main manifestations is the lack of scientific guidance of problem solving theory. The APOS theory put forward by Dobinsky can provide a theoretical basis for the teaching of mathematics exercises, seek a new way for the teaching of mathematics exercises, and be helpful to the teaching of exercises for first-line teachers. Moreover, APOS theory is one of the few teaching theories established according to the characteristics of mathematics, so it is very meaningful to study this theory deeply. In this paper, the present situation of students' study in mathematics exercises is studied from two aspects by means of questionnaire survey. On the one hand, the present situation of students' learning level is understood by questionnaire, and the main problems are analyzed. On the other hand, the present situation of students' cognitive level is investigated according to the APOS theory by the form of test questions. It is found that 80% of the students have reached the activity stage and the process stage, and 60% of the students have reached the target stage. Only 20% -40% of the students have reached the schema stage. In view of the above investigation on the study of exercise course, this paper optimizes the teaching practice of mathematics exercise course based on APOS theory, carries out micro-teaching experiment, and tests the effect of the experiment through two aspects: mathematics achievement and sound thinking test. The result shows that the teaching effect of the mathematics exercises course based on the APOS theory is obviously better than that of the traditional teaching method. Because of the low cognitive level and poor mathematical foundation, some students can not grasp the method of exploring the thinking of solving problems, and the experimental results are not obvious. On the basis of investigation and experimental research, according to the APOS theory, this paper analyzes the inner thinking process of students in solving problems, and experiences the enlightenment to the teaching activities of mathematics exercises. This paper also discusses the teaching strategy of mathematics exercises class based on APOS theory: 1) presents the thinking of solving problems 2) guides students to learn to construct complete knowledge schemas and 3) cultivates students' habit of active reflection after solving problems.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：閩南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G633.6

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

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