本文選題：電磁學(xué)　切入點(diǎn)：演示實(shí)驗(yàn)　出處：《內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：物理學(xué)是一門以實(shí)驗(yàn)為基礎(chǔ)的學(xué)科。物理學(xué)中通常是在實(shí)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上提出各個(gè)概念、規(guī)律、定律等并進(jìn)一步通過(guò)其它實(shí)驗(yàn)去驗(yàn)證所提出的觀點(diǎn)的正確性。因此在高中物理教學(xué)中,實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)有著舉足輕重的地位,而演示實(shí)驗(yàn)作為實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)的一部分,也是必不可少的。目前,我國(guó)的課堂教學(xué)已進(jìn)入一個(gè)全新的教學(xué)模式,新課改要求:學(xué)生的觀察能力、動(dòng)手能力以及學(xué)生的科學(xué)素養(yǎng)都要通過(guò)高中課程的學(xué)習(xí)來(lái)培養(yǎng),而物理實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)則是實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)的很好的途徑,也是物理課程改革的重要資源。但是,長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)受傳統(tǒng)思想和升學(xué)率的影響,物理實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)在高中物理教學(xué)中是相對(duì)薄弱的環(huán)節(jié),并未受到學(xué)生教師或者是家長(zhǎng)的重視。再加上實(shí)驗(yàn)資源的短缺以及實(shí)驗(yàn)課時(shí)安排的不足,使的實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)變成了實(shí)驗(yàn)講授課。而演示實(shí)驗(yàn)只是作為輔助學(xué)生理解所教授的內(nèi)容而存在的實(shí)驗(yàn),考試中不直接考,課標(biāo)學(xué)習(xí)中也沒有硬性要求,更使得演示實(shí)驗(yàn)流于形式,但是由于其有助于對(duì)物理抽象概念的理解,所以加強(qiáng)物理實(shí)驗(yàn)以及物理演示實(shí)驗(yàn)的教學(xué),對(duì)于促進(jìn)物理教學(xué)及其改革具有重要的意義。對(duì)于初步培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的科學(xué)素養(yǎng),初高中的物理實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)則是一個(gè)起點(diǎn)。因而,在中學(xué)物理實(shí)驗(yàn)課的實(shí)際教學(xué)中,我們一定要重視培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的獨(dú)立操作實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)芰突镜膶?shí)驗(yàn)技能,讓學(xué)生從開始就養(yǎng)成良好的實(shí)驗(yàn)素養(yǎng)。每次實(shí)驗(yàn)課的教學(xué)時(shí),教師首先要讓學(xué)生理解實(shí)驗(yàn)的基本原理、正確利用實(shí)驗(yàn)儀器、掌握實(shí)驗(yàn)操作過(guò)程,包括讀數(shù)、計(jì)數(shù)和處理實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果等技能,并通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程來(lái)分析和推理,最后得出我們預(yù)想的結(jié)論。本文從高中物理電磁學(xué)部分物理實(shí)驗(yàn)資源相對(duì)缺乏這一點(diǎn)出發(fā),對(duì)電磁學(xué)演示實(shí)驗(yàn)資源進(jìn)行開發(fā)和實(shí)踐,共分為四部分內(nèi)容。首先,分析了在當(dāng)前新的教學(xué)模式下的物理實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)所面臨的問題和滬科版的高中物理課本中電磁學(xué)的教學(xué)內(nèi)容,并給出了本課題研究的目的、意義和課題研究的思路,且提出一些所想到的關(guān)于高中物理電磁學(xué)演示實(shí)驗(yàn)課程資源開發(fā)的相關(guān)策略。其次對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外電磁學(xué)演示實(shí)驗(yàn)研究現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析,得出開發(fā)電磁學(xué)演示實(shí)驗(yàn)資源有著很重要的意義。然后結(jié)合建構(gòu)主義和動(dòng)機(jī)理論等理論基礎(chǔ),進(jìn)而得出加強(qiáng)電磁學(xué)演示實(shí)驗(yàn)資源開發(fā)是很有必要的。具體的工作有對(duì)已有的高中物理電磁學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)進(jìn)行了調(diào)查和分析;對(duì)高中電磁學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)課程資源開發(fā)與實(shí)踐案例,電磁學(xué)演示實(shí)驗(yàn)資源進(jìn)行了研究開發(fā)和整合,給出了15個(gè)電磁學(xué)演示實(shí)驗(yàn)案例,旨在為各位同行提供參考。最后,給出研究結(jié)論以及對(duì)電磁學(xué)演示實(shí)驗(yàn)資源的開發(fā)建議,從中發(fā)現(xiàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)資源的開發(fā)有多種方式,可以改進(jìn)實(shí)驗(yàn)器材、可以改進(jìn)實(shí)驗(yàn)方法、也可以用其他實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)代替原有實(shí)驗(yàn)、更可以將原有實(shí)驗(yàn)與多媒體相結(jié)合進(jìn)行演示。希望今后與各位同行共同研究并改進(jìn)。
[Abstract]:Physics is a subject based on experiments. Physics is usually on the basis of experiment put forward various concepts, rules and law and further correct by other experiments to verify the proposed idea. So in the senior high school physics teaching, experimental teaching plays a pivotal role, and as a demonstration experiment part of the experimental teaching, is also essential. At present, the classroom teaching in China has entered a new mode of teaching, the new curriculum requirements: the students' observation ability, practical ability and scientific literacy of students to cultivate the high in the course of the study, and the physical experiment teaching is a good way to achieve this goal, but also an important resource of the physics curriculum reform. However, for a long time under the influence of traditional ideas and the enrollment rate, the physical experiment teaching is the weak link in Physics Teaching in senior high school, and Not by students teachers or parents attention. Plus the shortage of resources and the arrangement of experimental class is insufficient, the experimental teaching into experimental teaching. And demonstration experiment just as Professor assist students to understand the content of experiment, test no direct test, there is no hard learning curriculum request, makes the demonstration form, but because of the help of the abstract concept of physical understanding, so to strengthen the physical experiment and teaching of physics demonstration experiment, it has important significance for promoting the physical teaching and Reform for primary cultivation of the scientific literacy of students, junior high school physics experiment teaching is a starting point thus, in the actual teaching of physics experiment teaching in middle school, we must pay attention to the cultivation of students' experimental ability of independent operation and basic experimental skills, let the students have from the beginning A good experimental literacy. Each experiment teaching, teachers should first let students understand the basic principle of the experiment, the correct use of experimental instruments, master the operation process, including experimental readings, counting and processing experimental results and other skills, and through the experimental process analysis and reasoning, finally draws the conclusion. In this paper we expected high school physics electromagnetics physics experimental resources relative lack of this point of view, the development and practice of electromagnetism demonstration experiment resources, which is divided into four parts. Firstly, analyzed the teaching contents of electromagnetism physics textbook of senior middle school physics experiment teaching in new teaching mode under the current problems and Shanghai Branch version of the and gives the research purpose, significance and research ideas, and put forward some electromagnetic experiments about the high school physics curriculum resources development related policy thought Slightly. Next to the domestic and foreign research electromagnetic experiments to analyze the status quo, the resource development demonstration experiment of electromagnetism has very important significance. Then combined with the constructivism and motivation theory, and then come to strengthen the development of demonstration experiment resources of electromagnetics is very necessary. The specific work of high school physics experiment teaching of electromagnetics an investigation and analysis of the experiment of senior high school; curriculum resources development and practice, demonstration experiment of electromagnetism resource development and integration, gives 15 electromagnetic demonstration experiment case, in order to provide reference for colleagues. Finally, give the conclusion of the study and development of electromagnetic demonstration experiment resources, find out the development of experimental resources in a variety of ways, can improve the experimental equipment, can improve the experimental method, can also be used in other experiments to replace the original There is an experiment. We can combine the original experiment with the multimedia to demonstrate it. We hope to work together with your colleagues and improve it in the future.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：G633.7

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本文編號(hào)：1694799