本文選題：電磁學　切入點：演示實驗　出處：《內(nèi)蒙古師范大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：物理學是一門以實驗為基礎(chǔ)的學科。物理學中通常是在實驗的基礎(chǔ)上提出各個概念、規(guī)律、定律等并進一步通過其它實驗去驗證所提出的觀點的正確性。因此在高中物理教學中,實驗教學有著舉足輕重的地位,而演示實驗作為實驗教學的一部分,也是必不可少的。目前,我國的課堂教學已進入一個全新的教學模式,新課改要求:學生的觀察能力、動手能力以及學生的科學素養(yǎng)都要通過高中課程的學習來培養(yǎng),而物理實驗教學則是實現(xiàn)這一目標的很好的途徑,也是物理課程改革的重要資源。但是,長期以來受傳統(tǒng)思想和升學率的影響,物理實驗教學在高中物理教學中是相對薄弱的環(huán)節(jié),并未受到學生教師或者是家長的重視。再加上實驗資源的短缺以及實驗課時安排的不足,使的實驗教學變成了實驗講授課。而演示實驗只是作為輔助學生理解所教授的內(nèi)容而存在的實驗,考試中不直接考,課標學習中也沒有硬性要求,更使得演示實驗流于形式,但是由于其有助于對物理抽象概念的理解,所以加強物理實驗以及物理演示實驗的教學,對于促進物理教學及其改革具有重要的意義。對于初步培養(yǎng)學生的科學素養(yǎng),初高中的物理實驗教學則是一個起點。因而,在中學物理實驗課的實際教學中,我們一定要重視培養(yǎng)學生的獨立操作實驗能力和基本的實驗技能,讓學生從開始就養(yǎng)成良好的實驗素養(yǎng)。每次實驗課的教學時,教師首先要讓學生理解實驗的基本原理、正確利用實驗儀器、掌握實驗操作過程,包括讀數(shù)、計數(shù)和處理實驗結(jié)果等技能,并通過實驗過程來分析和推理,最后得出我們預想的結(jié)論。本文從高中物理電磁學部分物理實驗資源相對缺乏這一點出發(fā),對電磁學演示實驗資源進行開發(fā)和實踐,共分為四部分內(nèi)容。首先,分析了在當前新的教學模式下的物理實驗教學所面臨的問題和滬科版的高中物理課本中電磁學的教學內(nèi)容,并給出了本課題研究的目的、意義和課題研究的思路,且提出一些所想到的關(guān)于高中物理電磁學演示實驗課程資源開發(fā)的相關(guān)策略。其次對國內(nèi)外電磁學演示實驗研究現(xiàn)狀進行分析,得出開發(fā)電磁學演示實驗資源有著很重要的意義。然后結(jié)合建構(gòu)主義和動機理論等理論基礎(chǔ),進而得出加強電磁學演示實驗資源開發(fā)是很有必要的。具體的工作有對已有的高中物理電磁學實驗教學進行了調(diào)查和分析;對高中電磁學實驗課程資源開發(fā)與實踐案例,電磁學演示實驗資源進行了研究開發(fā)和整合,給出了15個電磁學演示實驗案例,旨在為各位同行提供參考。最后,給出研究結(jié)論以及對電磁學演示實驗資源的開發(fā)建議,從中發(fā)現(xiàn)實驗資源的開發(fā)有多種方式,可以改進實驗器材、可以改進實驗方法、也可以用其他實驗來代替原有實驗、更可以將原有實驗與多媒體相結(jié)合進行演示。希望今后與各位同行共同研究并改進。
[Abstract]:Physics is a subject based on experiments. Physics is usually on the basis of experiment put forward various concepts, rules and law and further correct by other experiments to verify the proposed idea. So in the senior high school physics teaching, experimental teaching plays a pivotal role, and as a demonstration experiment part of the experimental teaching, is also essential. At present, the classroom teaching in China has entered a new mode of teaching, the new curriculum requirements: the students' observation ability, practical ability and scientific literacy of students to cultivate the high in the course of the study, and the physical experiment teaching is a good way to achieve this goal, but also an important resource of the physics curriculum reform. However, for a long time under the influence of traditional ideas and the enrollment rate, the physical experiment teaching is the weak link in Physics Teaching in senior high school, and Not by students teachers or parents attention. Plus the shortage of resources and the arrangement of experimental class is insufficient, the experimental teaching into experimental teaching. And demonstration experiment just as Professor assist students to understand the content of experiment, test no direct test, there is no hard learning curriculum request, makes the demonstration form, but because of the help of the abstract concept of physical understanding, so to strengthen the physical experiment and teaching of physics demonstration experiment, it has important significance for promoting the physical teaching and Reform for primary cultivation of the scientific literacy of students, junior high school physics experiment teaching is a starting point thus, in the actual teaching of physics experiment teaching in middle school, we must pay attention to the cultivation of students' experimental ability of independent operation and basic experimental skills, let the students have from the beginning A good experimental literacy. Each experiment teaching, teachers should first let students understand the basic principle of the experiment, the correct use of experimental instruments, master the operation process, including experimental readings, counting and processing experimental results and other skills, and through the experimental process analysis and reasoning, finally draws the conclusion. In this paper we expected high school physics electromagnetics physics experimental resources relative lack of this point of view, the development and practice of electromagnetism demonstration experiment resources, which is divided into four parts. Firstly, analyzed the teaching contents of electromagnetism physics textbook of senior middle school physics experiment teaching in new teaching mode under the current problems and Shanghai Branch version of the and gives the research purpose, significance and research ideas, and put forward some electromagnetic experiments about the high school physics curriculum resources development related policy thought Slightly. Next to the domestic and foreign research electromagnetic experiments to analyze the status quo, the resource development demonstration experiment of electromagnetism has very important significance. Then combined with the constructivism and motivation theory, and then come to strengthen the development of demonstration experiment resources of electromagnetics is very necessary. The specific work of high school physics experiment teaching of electromagnetics an investigation and analysis of the experiment of senior high school; curriculum resources development and practice, demonstration experiment of electromagnetism resource development and integration, gives 15 electromagnetic demonstration experiment case, in order to provide reference for colleagues. Finally, give the conclusion of the study and development of electromagnetic demonstration experiment resources, find out the development of experimental resources in a variety of ways, can improve the experimental equipment, can improve the experimental method, can also be used in other experiments to replace the original There is an experiment. We can combine the original experiment with the multimedia to demonstrate it. We hope to work together with your colleagues and improve it in the future.

【學位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G633.7

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 張希博;;貧困地區(qū)中學物理實驗教學的現(xiàn)狀與思考[J];實驗教學與儀器;2006年02期

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本文編號：1694799