本文選題：高中化學(xué)　切入點(diǎn)：人教版課本　出處：《內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：化學(xué)是一門以實(shí)驗(yàn)為基礎(chǔ)的學(xué)科,化學(xué)所獲得的一切成果,是與化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)的教育教學(xué)分不開的�；瘜W(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)是化學(xué)教學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)部分,化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)的理論,在培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的實(shí)驗(yàn)技能素養(yǎng),全面提高化學(xué)教學(xué)質(zhì)量,具有重要的理論和實(shí)踐意義。在新課程實(shí)施以來,高中的化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)存在了一些問題,化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)的內(nèi)容也存在很多不足,以至于學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中遭遇到了不同程度的困難。本文采用了問卷調(diào)查法,調(diào)查了錫林浩特地區(qū)三所學(xué)校高二年級學(xué)生的化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)情況及教師在實(shí)驗(yàn)改進(jìn)方面的情況。針對現(xiàn)行人教版高中化學(xué)課本中的“濃度對化學(xué)平衡的影響”、“銅鋅稀硫酸原電池”和“濃度對草酸溶液與酸性高錳酸鉀溶液褪色反應(yīng)速率的影響”三個教學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)存在反應(yīng)時(shí)間長、反應(yīng)現(xiàn)象不明顯等問題,對這三個實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)研究。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),對于“濃度對化學(xué)平衡的影響”實(shí)驗(yàn),將原課本中反應(yīng)物NaOH濃度從0.01 mol/L增加到0.5 mol/L或1.0 mol/L后,紅褐色Fe(OH)3沉淀迅速出現(xiàn),現(xiàn)象明顯。對“銅鋅稀硫酸原電池”實(shí)驗(yàn)增大硫酸濃度、減少電流計(jì)電阻和選用兩根比較粗的銅絲和鐵絲,且擰成麻花狀,銅絲、鐵絲的一頭連好電流計(jì),另一頭放入盛有2 mol/L的稀硫酸的燒杯里,發(fā)現(xiàn)電流計(jì)的指針即可發(fā)生偏轉(zhuǎn),銅絲的表面有大量的氣泡生成。對“濃度對草酸溶液與酸性高錳酸鉀溶液褪色反應(yīng)速率的影響”實(shí)驗(yàn),將草酸溶液的濃度從原實(shí)驗(yàn)的0.1mol/L和0.2mol/L對應(yīng)增加到0.5 mol/L和1.0 mol/L后,高錳酸鉀溶液褪色時(shí)間從26分鐘和15分鐘分別縮短至3分鐘和2分鐘,且現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn)明顯。改進(jìn)后的實(shí)驗(yàn)很好地滿足了高中化學(xué)課堂實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)的要求。
[Abstract]:Chemistry is a subject based on experiment results, all chemical obtained, is inseparable with the education and teaching of chemistry experiment. Chemistry experiment is a fundamental part of chemistry teaching, the theory of chemical experiment teaching, to cultivate students' experimental skills, and comprehensively improve the quality of teaching, has important theory and the practical significance. Since the implementation of the new curriculum, high school chemistry experiment teaching has some problems in chemistry experiment teaching content also has many deficiencies, so that students suffered different degrees of difficulty in learning chemistry experiment. This paper adopts questionnaire survey, the chemistry experiment and teachers of senior high school students in Xilinhaote in three schools in the experimental improvement situation. The current senior high school chemistry textbook "concentration on chemical equilibrium effect", "copper zinc sulfuric acid The original battery "and" impact "on the concentration of oxalic acid solution and acid solution. The reaction rate of the Potassium Permanganate reaction time three teaching experiments, reaction phenomenon is not obvious, the three experiment was improved. The study found that the effect of concentration on the chemical balance experiment, concentration of NaOH reaction original textbooks increased from 0.01 mol/L to 0.5 mol/L or 1 mol/L, red brown Fe (OH) 3 precipitates appear quickly, the phenomenon is obvious." copper zinc sulfuric acid battery experiment increases the concentration of sulfuric acid, reducing resistance and selection of two galvanometer relatively thick copper wire and wire, twisted and braided. One end of the wire, wire connected galvanometer, another head filled with dilute sulfuric acid 2 mol/L beaker, found the meter pointer to deflect the wire surface bubbles. To generate a large number of "the concentration of oxalic acid and acid solution Effect of "Potassium Permanganate solution. The reaction rate experiment, concentration of oxalic acid from raw experimental 0.1mol/L and corresponding 0.2mol/L increased to 0.5 mol/L and 1 mol/L after the Potassium Permanganate solution. Time from 26 minutes and 15 minutes respectively shortened to 3 minutes and 2 minutes, and the phenomenon is obvious. The improved experiment is very good to meet the chemistry classroom teaching in senior high school requirements.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G633.8

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本文編號：1597983