發(fā)布時間：2018-01-13 15:34

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：蘇教版初中語文教科書助讀系統(tǒng)研究　出處：《揚州大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 初中語文教科書 助讀系統(tǒng) 蘇教版

【摘要】：語文教科書是語文課程內(nèi)容的載體,也是語文教學活動的主要的憑借物,是學生學習的例子,同時承載著祖國文化傳承及學生精神培養(yǎng)的重要使命,其在語文課程與教學中的地位至關(guān)重要。一般認為,中學語文教科書的構(gòu)成要素包含范文系統(tǒng)、知識系統(tǒng)、作業(yè)系統(tǒng)和助讀系統(tǒng)四個相互聯(lián)系的系統(tǒng)。四個系統(tǒng)中,助讀系統(tǒng)又叫導學系統(tǒng),是教科書編者為了幫助學生理解課文,掌握閱讀方法而設(shè)計的一系列的各種形式的圖文資料。蘇教版初中語文教科書是全國影響較大的優(yōu)秀教科書,它的助讀系統(tǒng)具有著人文性、靈活性、獨特性等特點,本文對其進行研究,旨在為蘇教版初中語文教科書在助讀系統(tǒng)的修訂部分提供一些理論依據(jù),同時幫助使用該版教科書的語文教師認識助讀系統(tǒng)在教學方面的價值,從而使助讀系統(tǒng)發(fā)揮其作用,更好地使用助讀系統(tǒng)。本篇論文正文部分分四章展開論述。第一章概述語文教科書的助讀系統(tǒng),認為語文教科書助讀系統(tǒng)包括教科書中的學習目標、重點和方法提示,以及對某些疑難問題的詮釋,也包括引述相關(guān)資料的一系列文字材料或圖片資料,是語文教科書中幫助教師和學生理解文本的一系列材料。助讀系統(tǒng)分為提示語類、注釋類、圖像類和附錄類等四類。助讀系統(tǒng)不僅能供學生學習知識,也可供師生明確教學目標、掌握學習方法。利用助讀系統(tǒng)可以降低學生理解文本的難度從’而幫助學生更好的理解課文,提高學生語文學習的興趣,進一步培養(yǎng)學生的自學能力。本章還探析了語文教科書助讀系統(tǒng)從古到今的發(fā)展歷程。第二章從提示語、注釋、插圖、附錄四個重要組成部分對蘇教版初中語文教科書的助讀系統(tǒng)的內(nèi)容進行梳理和分析,認為該教科書助讀系統(tǒng)在四個部分均有創(chuàng)獲。第一,在提示語方面,體現(xiàn)出明顯的人文性：編者語體現(xiàn)出與學生平等對話的口吻,營造出親切自然、民主化的氛圍,使學生能夠更準確更積極的理解編者的意圖,從而明確自己的學習目標；單元導語非常鮮明的反映了語文學習從低到高、由淺入深、由簡單到復雜的這樣一個發(fā)展變化過程,是一個成系統(tǒng)的整體,并滲透著“以學生為本”、“語文與生活緊密聯(lián)系”的思想,讓學生感到語文學科所獨有的人文情懷。提示語以優(yōu)美的文字創(chuàng)設(shè)出詩畫一般的情景充分引起學生的興趣,詩意的語言讓學生在語文中體味語文,在這樣的語言中學會如何學習語文,如何學會生活,如何學會做人。第二,在注釋方面,提倡精簡：一般學生可以通過工具書或資料書自己查到字詞、可以根據(jù)上下文語境學生通過推導或與同學合作研究能弄懂的詞語、不影響對教材整體理解的生冷詞語、較深、較難而學生目前尚不需要掌握的詞語方面的專用詞語等一般不加注；凡應在其它科學習中解決的自然科學方面的內(nèi)容簡化注釋。第三,在插圖方面，形式和內(nèi)容都較為豐富：插圖的位置分扉頁、隨文和文末幾種,插圖有彩色和黑白各色的,內(nèi)容有關(guān)于風景名勝、人物肖像、故事情節(jié)、詩詞意境等方面的,插圖形象反映了文本的內(nèi)容或意蘊,增加了學生學習的趣味性,體現(xiàn)了文本的審美性和情感性。第四,在附錄方面,蘇教版的附錄內(nèi)容系統(tǒng)性很強,分為應用文示例、語法修辭簡表、字詞表、書法賞析四個部分。第三章深入探討了蘇教版初中語文教科書助讀系統(tǒng)的特色,認為其最明顯的特色為助讀系統(tǒng)少而精,重視理解與鑒賞,彰顯人文色彩,編排方式別出心裁。第四章著眼于實踐,從教師和學生方面對蘇教版初中語文教科書助讀系統(tǒng)的使用情況作了統(tǒng)計并進行分析,提出教科書修訂及使用方面的建議。認為：在教材修訂方面,應提升語文知識在助讀系統(tǒng)中的重要地位,豐富助讀系統(tǒng)提示的學習目標,使其更具體實際、應更注重細節(jié)；教師使用方面,要重視助讀系統(tǒng),合理使用蘇教版初中語文教科書的單元導語,重視課文注釋,必要時結(jié)合文本有所補充拓展,發(fā)揮插圖功效,引導學生重視利用插圖,充分運用附錄,最大程度培養(yǎng)學生自學能力,而且應帶著質(zhì)疑、創(chuàng)新的眼光,對助讀系統(tǒng)在教學中的運用有所反思；學生使用方面,要重視助讀系統(tǒng)在預習中的重要性,在課堂上注意教師對助讀系統(tǒng)的利用和引導,同時要學會結(jié)合助讀系統(tǒng)進行復習。
[Abstract]:Chinese textbook is the carrier of Chinese courses, and Chinese teaching activities mainly by virtue of objects, learning examples, while carrying the important mission of national cultural heritage and the cultivation of the spirit of the students, the most important place in the Chinese curriculum and teaching. Generally, the middle school language textbook consists of sample system, knowledge system, operating system and the reading aid system of four interconnected system. The four system, the reading aid system is also called the guidance system, is a textbook editor to help students understand the text, grasp the information forms a series of design and method of reading. Junior high school Chinese textbook is an excellent textbook of national influence the larger, its reading aid system with humanism, flexibility, unique characteristics, this paper carries on the research, aimed at the junior high school language textbook in help To provide some theoretical basis for the revised reading system, at the same time help using the textbook of Chinese teachers' understanding of the reading aid system in the aspect of teaching value, so that the reading aid system to play its role, to better use help reading system. This thesis consists of four chapters. The first chapter outlines the Chinese textbooks to help read, think Chinese textbooks help reading system including textbooks learning objectives, priorities and methods and tips, interpretation of some difficult problems, including a series of related data quoted texts or pictures, is a series of materials to help teachers and students understand the text in the Chinese textbooks. The reading aid system is divided into prompt language class, class notes, image class and the appendix. Class four class reading aid system can not only for students to learn knowledge, but also for teachers and students teaching goal, mastery learning methods. Using the reading aid system Can reduce students' understanding of the text from the difficulty "and help students understand the text better, improve the students' interest in Chinese learning, to cultivate students' self-study ability. This chapter also discusses the development course of Chinese textbooks help reading system of ancient times. In the second chapter, prompt, notes, illustrations, four important parts of the system to read the appendix on the junior high school Chinese textbook to help the content of carding and analysis, that the textbooks help reading system in four parts were discovered. First, in the prompt, manifest the humanity clear: the editor's words reflect the equal dialogue with the students to create a kind of natural tone, democratic atmosphere. To enable students to be more accurate understanding of intention's more positive, so as to clear their own learning objectives; unit lead very distinctive reflects the Chinese learning from low to high, from shallow to deep, from simple To such a complicated development process, is a system as a whole, and the "student-centered", "Chinese is closely related to" and the idea of living, let students feel the unique humane feelings. The prompt to create a beautiful language of poetry in general situation fully aroused the interest of students, allow students to appreciate the poetic language in Chinese language, in such a language learned how to learn Chinese, learn how to live, how to learn to be. Second, advocate in streamlining the notes, students can work out: general books or books to check their own words according to the context, can students through the derivation or cooperation with the students study can understand words, words do not affect the cold, deep understanding of the material of the whole, and it is not difficult for students to master the words of special words usually not Note; where should be solved in the other branch of learning science in the aspects of simplified annotation. Third, in the illustration, the form and content of abundant illustrations: the location of points with the title page, and at the end of the paper, several illustrations are in color and black and white colors, the content of a scenic, portrait, story the plot, poetry and other aspects of the illustration image reflects the text content or meaning, increase students' learning interest, embodies the aesthetic and emotion of the text. Fourth, in the appendix, appendix content system of Jiangsu is very strong, as the example, grammar and rhetoric short form words table four part of calligraphy appreciation. The third chapter discusses the junior high school Chinese textbooks help reading system characteristics, the most obvious characteristic is the reading aid system less attention, understanding and appreciation, humanistic color, arrangement do not mind Cut. The fourth chapter focuses on the practice, from the teachers and students of junior high school Chinese textbooks help reading system for the use of statistics and analysis, put forward amendments and suggestions. The use of textbooks that: in the textbook, should enhance the knowledge of Chinese language reading plays an important role in the system, help the rich read the system prompts the learning objectives, to make it more practical, more attention should be paid to the details; teachers use, should pay attention to the reading aid system, the rational use of junior high school Chinese textbook unit lead, pay attention to text notes, when necessary to be added to expand the combination of text, illustrations play effect, guide the students to pay attention to the use of illustrations, make full use of in Appendix, the greatest degree of cultivate students' self-study ability, but also with the question, innovation perspective, to use help reading system in teaching reflection; students use, should pay attention to the reading aid system In the preview of the importance of teachers in the classroom attention to the use of the help reading system and guidance, at the same time to learn to combine the help reading system to review.

【學位授予單位】：揚州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G633.3

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