本文選題：國(guó)家教育科學(xué)決策服務(wù)系統(tǒng)　切入點(diǎn)：教育決策　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：本研究以"國(guó)家教育科學(xué)決策服務(wù)系統(tǒng)"對(duì)教育決策的支持為核心問(wèn)題,通過(guò)行動(dòng)研究和案例研究的方法,就國(guó)家教育科學(xué)決策服務(wù)系統(tǒng)如何用于支持教育決策進(jìn)行了實(shí)證研究,構(gòu)建了何以支持、為誰(shuí)支持、誰(shuí)來(lái)支持三個(gè)方面組成的教育決策支持體系,為教育決策中支持需求的滿足提供一個(gè)整合視角的分析。借助大量一手資料和一組案例,本研究主要發(fā)現(xiàn):第一,教育決策面臨的挑戰(zhàn)及其釋放的支持需求,既是國(guó)家教育科學(xué)決策服務(wù)系統(tǒng)構(gòu)建的緣起,同時(shí)是從功能層面分析其支持教育決策的起點(diǎn)。國(guó)家教育決策釋放的支持需求突出表現(xiàn)為:系統(tǒng)而非分散的信息預(yù)測(cè)、地區(qū)與群體利益的統(tǒng)籌考量、多主體參與決策并實(shí)現(xiàn)協(xié)作。根據(jù)分析,與數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)、聽(tīng)證會(huì)、民意調(diào)查、咨詢報(bào)告以及聯(lián)席會(huì)議等支持方式相比,國(guó)家教育科學(xué)決策服務(wù)系統(tǒng)在應(yīng)對(duì)支持需求上具有整合優(yōu)勢(shì)。第二,本研究通過(guò)一組案例分析發(fā)現(xiàn):在何以支持好的教育決策做出方面,國(guó)家教育科學(xué)決策服務(wù)系統(tǒng)基于數(shù)據(jù)同時(shí)超越數(shù)據(jù),通過(guò)時(shí)空維度的證據(jù)整合,為教育決策提供高質(zhì)量的證據(jù),并提高決策者采信證據(jù)的動(dòng)力。在為誰(shuí)支持方面,國(guó)家教育科學(xué)決策服務(wù)系統(tǒng)是為公共利益說(shuō)話的"計(jì)算器",通過(guò)用于以人民為根本立場(chǎng)的利益分配與整合,實(shí)現(xiàn)教育公共品供給的激勵(lì)評(píng)價(jià)、教育發(fā)展需求的統(tǒng)籌分析,支持教育決策整體增進(jìn)公共利益。在誰(shuí)來(lái)支持方面,國(guó)家教育科學(xué)決策服務(wù)系統(tǒng)是決策參與主體間互動(dòng)與規(guī)制的一個(gè)場(chǎng)域,通過(guò)用于多主體參與決策及程序制約,實(shí)現(xiàn)多種聲音表達(dá)、以權(quán)利制約權(quán)力,為教育決策質(zhì)量和合法性提高奠定堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。第三,國(guó)家教育科學(xué)決策服務(wù)系統(tǒng)對(duì)教育決策的支持,是一個(gè)三位一體的支持體系。支持功能的實(shí)現(xiàn),是以證據(jù)整合、利益分配與整合、決策程序制約為中介。證據(jù)整合,針對(duì)何以支持,提供教育決策支持的基礎(chǔ);利益分配與整合,針對(duì)為誰(shuí)支持,確保教育決策支持的價(jià)值取向;決策程序制約,針對(duì)誰(shuí)來(lái)支持,促成教育決策支持的多主體參與。證據(jù)整合、利益分配與整合、決策程序制約,各有側(cè)重,又相互聯(lián)系、相互作用,構(gòu)成一個(gè)有機(jī)系統(tǒng)。證據(jù)整合是手段,服務(wù)于利益整合的目的,而證據(jù)整合與決策程序制約又相互作用、互為條件,共同服務(wù)于利益整合。只有采用辯證思維整體認(rèn)識(shí)國(guó)家教育科學(xué)決策服務(wù)系統(tǒng),才能在用于支持教育決策中發(fā)揮最大限度的功能。第四,國(guó)家教育科學(xué)決策服務(wù)系統(tǒng)用于支持教育決策,必須深入理解數(shù)據(jù)與技術(shù)的使用方式及其效用。國(guó)家教育科學(xué)決策服務(wù)系統(tǒng)不能被簡(jiǎn)單靜態(tài)地視為集成數(shù)據(jù)的計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)。通過(guò)數(shù)據(jù)尤其是大數(shù)據(jù)的使用,為增進(jìn)公共利益的教育決策的做出提供證據(jù)支持、程序制約,是數(shù)據(jù)使用的最大價(jià)值。技術(shù)的使用,旨在使不在場(chǎng)者實(shí)現(xiàn)出場(chǎng),讓在場(chǎng)者真正代表,并提升決策者對(duì)證據(jù)的采信動(dòng)力。第五,人是實(shí)現(xiàn)有效支持的關(guān)鍵變量。一方面,人口與學(xué)齡人口及其變化是我國(guó)教育決策的關(guān)鍵背景變量,而人力資源水平提高扮演著關(guān)鍵的結(jié)果變量。另一方面,國(guó)家教育科學(xué)決策服務(wù)系統(tǒng)對(duì)教育決策的支持,依賴于包括決策者和研究者及信息技術(shù)人員在內(nèi)的決策參與主體的自覺(jué)。
[Abstract]:Based on the "national education scientific decision-making service system of education decision support for the core problem, through the action research method and case study, the national education scientific decision-making service system for how to carries out an empirical study on educational decision support, construction support for why, who, who to support the educational decision support system three composition, provide an integrated perspective to support education in decision making. To meet the demand by a large number of first-hand materials and a group of cases, the major findings of this study: first, education policy challenges and release support demand for construction of national education science is not only the origin of decision service system, and is the starting point of the analysis from the function of educational decision support level. The national education decision support needs the release of outstanding performance is: system rather than scattered information forecast area and community benefit system Raise considerations, multi subject participation in decision-making and to achieve cooperation. According to the analysis, and database, hearing, public opinion survey, compared to a joint meeting report and support national education scientific decision-making service system has integrated the advantages in response to support demand. Second, the research group through a case analysis found: in how educational decision support good to make scientific decision, the national education service system based on the data at the same time beyond the data, through the integration of evidence of the dimension of time and space, to provide high quality evidence for educational decision-making, and improve decision-making evidence for power. Who support national education, scientific decision-making service system is to speak for the public interest "calculator", through the use of interest distribution and integration with the people as the basic position, implementation of incentive education evaluation of public goods supply, the manpower demand analysis of the development of education, support education The decision to increase public interest. In who to support national education, scientific decision-making service system is the interaction and participation in decision-making regulation between subjects of a field, through the use of multi subject participation in decision making and control procedures, to achieve a variety of voice, the right to restrict the power to lay a solid foundation for education to improve decision quality and legitimacy. Third, the national education service system of scientific decision-making support for education decision, is a three-in-one support system. Realize the support function, is based on the evidence integration, benefit distribution and integration, decision process control as the intermediary. Evidence for why the integration, support, provide the basis for educational decision-making; benefit allocation and integration, for who support, ensure the value orientation of education decision support; decision procedure control, against whom to support, to multi subject education decision support participation. Evidence integration, distribution of interests With the integration of decision procedures, constraints are different, but interrelated, interaction, constitute an organic system. Evidence integration is a means to serve the interests of integration, and integration of evidence and decision procedure restriction and interaction, mutual conditions, common services in the integration of interests. Only by the dialectical thinking of the overall understanding of the country education scientific decision-making service system, in order to maximize the function of support for education decision. Fourth, the national education scientific decision-making service system for educational decision support, must thoroughly understand the data and the use of technology and utility. National education scientific decision-making service system can not be regarded as a simple static computer system integration through data. Data especially the use of big data, provide evidence to support, to make education decisions to promote public benefit of the program control, is the largest use of price data Value. The use of technology, in order to make an absent realization of appearance, so that the presence of the real representative, and enhance the power of decision makers admissible evidence. Fifth, people are the key variables to achieve effective support. On the one hand, the population and school-age population and the change of background is the key to China's education decision-making variables, and human resources to improve the level of play a key variable results. On the other hand, the national education service system of scientific decision-making support for education decision, depending on the decision makers and researchers, including information technology and personnel participation consciousness.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G521

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