本文選題：房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)　切入點(diǎn)：成本　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前在中國(guó),開發(fā)房地產(chǎn)項(xiàng)目通常的模式是,開發(fā)商負(fù)責(zé)立項(xiàng),設(shè)計(jì)單位和施工單位參與。在此模式下,開發(fā)商一般在項(xiàng)目開發(fā)中發(fā)揮主要影響作用,但在項(xiàng)目過(guò)程中還存在其他的干擾因素,它們對(duì)項(xiàng)目成本控制是否得到有效實(shí)現(xiàn)產(chǎn)生了影響,應(yīng)當(dāng)引起重視。比如,某些人為造成的干擾因素在項(xiàng)目執(zhí)行中常有發(fā)生,這些干擾因素對(duì)科學(xué)合理地控制項(xiàng)目成本產(chǎn)生影響。此外,設(shè)計(jì)單位、施工單位這兩者是相互對(duì)立的,因而雙方在項(xiàng)目開展的過(guò)程當(dāng)中通常并非是積極主動(dòng)地開展工作,導(dǎo)致項(xiàng)目執(zhí)行效率無(wú)法達(dá)到預(yù)期,項(xiàng)目各階段難以得到較好的銜接,這使得單一階段中的成本控制效果大打折扣,提高了房地產(chǎn)項(xiàng)目開發(fā)中產(chǎn)生的成本消耗,項(xiàng)目實(shí)際費(fèi)用超出事先進(jìn)行的成本預(yù)算結(jié)果常有發(fā)生。針對(duì)上述種種現(xiàn)象,在房地產(chǎn)項(xiàng)目開發(fā)當(dāng)中,重視成本控制,展開相關(guān)的成本控制研究確有必要。在實(shí)際的房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)項(xiàng)目當(dāng)中,開展成本控制研究,首要之處是明晰成本的構(gòu)成。根據(jù)實(shí)地考察,本文認(rèn)為,項(xiàng)目成本包括土地成本、建設(shè)施工成本以及間接性的成本(含管理以及公關(guān)等方面的成本),而開展成本控制,可以從項(xiàng)目開發(fā)的諸個(gè)緊密相連的不同階段入手,項(xiàng)目投資、開發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)、招投標(biāo)、資料采購(gòu)、項(xiàng)目驗(yàn)收,分不同階段實(shí)施項(xiàng)目的成本控制,將控制措施落實(shí)到每個(gè)階段,從而減少房地產(chǎn)項(xiàng)目開發(fā)的總支出,提高項(xiàng)目整體的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)實(shí)力,獲得更好的利益。以LQ項(xiàng)目為分析點(diǎn),從項(xiàng)目成本組成、成本控制情況,探討該項(xiàng)目的現(xiàn)存問(wèn)題,同時(shí)提出具有建設(shè)性的針對(duì)性方法和措施,以完成TY房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)公司項(xiàng)目成本控制目的。成本控制法根據(jù)房地產(chǎn)項(xiàng)目不同階段提出了各不相同的執(zhí)行方法,為確保成本控制管理在項(xiàng)目實(shí)際操作中能順利開展,制定相匹配的成本控制方法。從三個(gè)方面提出針對(duì)性方法:一是精簡(jiǎn)房地產(chǎn)公司的項(xiàng)目管理部門、施工管理部門和公關(guān)部門,以降低公司運(yùn)作方面的成本;二是加強(qiáng)公司人才建設(shè),確保在項(xiàng)目成本控制中管理人員有較高管理能力;三是強(qiáng)化財(cái)務(wù)監(jiān)管,以防本非正常成本出現(xiàn)。跳出傳統(tǒng)成本控制的理論框架,從新的角度探究房地產(chǎn)項(xiàng)目開發(fā)成本控制法,分析每個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)中的成本控制法,從而更深層次討論項(xiàng)目成本的組成,從而分析出更為有效的成本控制方法。結(jié)合國(guó)內(nèi)外房地產(chǎn)項(xiàng)目最新成本控制方法,分析TY房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)公司項(xiàng)目成本控制法以及相應(yīng)的能保障成本控制實(shí)現(xiàn)的方法。
[Abstract]:At present, in China, the usual mode of developing real estate projects is that developers are responsible for the establishment of projects, with the participation of design and construction units. In this mode, developers generally play a major role in the development of projects. However, there are other interfering factors in the process of the project, which have an impact on the effective realization of the cost control of the project. For example, some man-made interference factors often occur in the implementation of the project. These interference factors have an impact on the scientific and reasonable control of the project cost. In addition, the design unit and the construction unit are opposed to each other, so the two sides usually do not take the initiative to carry out the work in the process of the project development. As a result, the implementation efficiency of the project can not reach the expected, and it is difficult to get a better connection between the various stages of the project, which makes the cost control effect in a single stage greatly reduced, and increases the cost consumption in the development of real estate projects. It often happens that the actual cost of the project exceeds the result of the cost budget carried out in advance. In view of the above phenomena, in the development of the real estate project, we attach importance to cost control, It is necessary to carry out the related cost control research. In the actual real estate development project, the most important thing to carry out the cost control research is to clarify the composition of the cost. According to the field investigation, the project cost includes the land cost. Construction cost and indirect cost (including the cost of management and public relations, etc.) can be controlled from different stages of project development, project investment, development design, bidding, etc. Data acquisition, project acceptance, implementation of project cost control in different stages, implementation of control measures to each stage, thus reducing the total expenditure of real estate project development, improving the overall competitive strength of the project, Take the LQ project as the analysis point, from the project cost composition, cost control situation, discuss the existing problems of the project, at the same time put forward constructive targeted methods and measures, In order to achieve the purpose of project cost control in TY Real Estate Development Company, the cost control method puts forward different execution methods according to different stages of real estate project, in order to ensure that the cost control management can be carried out smoothly in the actual operation of the project. To develop a matching cost control method. This paper puts forward three targeted methods: first, to streamline the project management department, construction management department and public relations department of the real estate company in order to reduce the operating cost of the company; The second is to strengthen the construction of company talents to ensure that the managers have higher management ability in the project cost control, and the third is to strengthen the financial supervision to prevent the occurrence of the original abnormal cost, and to jump out of the theoretical framework of traditional cost control. This paper probes into the method of real estate project development cost control from a new angle, analyzes the cost control method in each link, and discusses the composition of project cost in a deeper level. Combining with the latest cost control methods of real estate projects at home and abroad, this paper analyzes the project cost control method of TY Real Estate Development Company and the corresponding methods which can guarantee the realization of cost control.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F299.233.42

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本文編號(hào)：1681076