【摘要】：朗讀是語(yǔ)文教學(xué)的重要內(nèi)容之一�！读x務(wù)教育語(yǔ)文課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(2011年版)》明確規(guī)定,朗讀教學(xué)應(yīng)貫穿九年義務(wù)教育始終,逐步培養(yǎng)學(xué)生“正確、流利、有感情”的朗讀能力。然而,中小學(xué)語(yǔ)文課中的朗讀教學(xué)卻不如人意。語(yǔ)文課堂雖常見(jiàn)書(shū)聲瑯瑯,但往往流于表面,教師缺乏必要的指導(dǎo),學(xué)生不斷齊聲朗讀、高聲朗讀乃至“品讀”、“美讀”,卻不能在朗讀中增進(jìn)對(duì)課文的理解和感受,反而被“假聲假氣”所阻礙。這有認(rèn)識(shí)的原因,需要進(jìn)一步明確“基于理解”朗讀教學(xué)原則,并從名師課例中汲取“教什么、怎么教”的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。同時(shí),應(yīng)加緊朗讀測(cè)試的研究,毋庸諱言,“考什么——教什么”的傳統(tǒng)觀(guān)念至今還制約著語(yǔ)文教學(xué),在語(yǔ)文課堂中占據(jù)不少課時(shí)的朗讀一直以來(lái)沒(méi)有納入影響學(xué)生學(xué)業(yè)成績(jī)的大規(guī)模測(cè)試,也缺乏對(duì)朗讀測(cè)試的研究,這對(duì)朗讀教學(xué)造成了不良的影響,“考什么、怎么考”若是昏昏,“教什么、怎么教”就很難使之昭昭。本文在相互關(guān)聯(lián)中研究“基于理解”的朗讀教學(xué)和朗讀測(cè)試這兩個(gè)方面。論文的主體內(nèi)容是三章:一、在文獻(xiàn)綜述基礎(chǔ)上,明確“基于理解的朗讀”是什么、為什么,論述“基于理解”的朗讀教學(xué)原則,分析朗讀技巧與閱讀理解的相互關(guān)系,如詩(shī)歌中的節(jié)奏、句子中的停連、“虛聲”中的重音等。二、通過(guò)課例研究,研究“基于理解的朗讀”應(yīng)該教什么、怎么教。文中著重分析了三位名師的課例:王崧舟老師的《慈母情深》、薛法根老師的《大江保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)》、王崧舟老師的《天籟》,從課例中發(fā)掘課文的關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)與朗讀指導(dǎo)的著力處相呼應(yīng)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)及其方法。三、初步研究大規(guī)模朗讀測(cè)試的測(cè)試點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。材料來(lái)源于兩個(gè)方面:一是所參與的教育部基礎(chǔ)教育質(zhì)量檢測(cè)“口語(yǔ)交際”(包括朗讀)測(cè)試的嘗試,二是上海市閔行區(qū)借助《我愛(ài)朗讀》APP平臺(tái)的朗讀指導(dǎo)和測(cè)試案例。
[Abstract]:Reading aloud is one of the important contents of Chinese teaching. The Chinese Curriculum Standard for compulsory Education (2011 Edition) clearly stipulates that reading aloud should run through nine years of compulsory education and gradually develop students' reading ability of "correct, fluent and sentimental". However, the teaching of reading aloud in Chinese classes in primary and secondary schools is not satisfactory. Although books are often loud and loud in Chinese class, they often flow to the surface, teachers lack the necessary guidance, students continue to read aloud, read aloud and even "read", "good reading", but can not improve the understanding and feelings of the text in reading aloud. On the contrary, it is blocked by "false sound and false breath". For this reason, it is necessary to make clear the teaching principle of reading aloud based on understanding, and to draw the experience of "what to teach, how to teach" from the class examples of famous teachers. At the same time, the study of reading aloud should be stepped up. Needless to say, the traditional concept of "what-what to teach" still restricts the teaching of Chinese. Reading aloud, which occupies a lot of class hours in Chinese classes, has not been included in the large-scale tests that affect students' academic achievement, and there is also a lack of research on reading aloud tests, which has had a bad impact on reading aloud teaching. "what is the test?" How to test "if dizzy," teach what, how to teach it is very difficult to make it clear. In this paper, we study the two aspects of "understanding-based reading teaching" and "reading test" in the context of interrelation. The main content of the thesis is three chapters: first, on the basis of literature review, it makes clear what "reading based on understanding" is, why, discusses the teaching principle of "reading based on understanding", analyzes the relationship between reading skills and reading comprehension, and analyzes the relationship between reading skills and reading comprehension, and analyzes the relationship between reading skills and reading comprehension. Such as the rhythm in poetry, sentence in the stop, "empty sound" in the stress, and so on. Second, through the case study, study "reading based on understanding" should teach, how to teach. This paper focuses on the analysis of the class examples of three famous teachers: teacher Wang Song-Zhou's "loving Mother", teacher Xue Fagan's "Great River Defense War", and teacher Wang Song-Zhou's "the Sound of Nature." The experience and method of exploring the key points of the text and the stress of reading instruction from the lesson examples. Third, a preliminary study of the large-scale read-out test of the test point problem. The materials come from two aspects: one is the attempt to test the quality of basic education of the Ministry of Education (including reading aloud), and the other is the reading instruction and test case of Minhang District in Shanghai with the help of "I love reading aloud" APP platform.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G633.33

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