【摘要】：作文評改是寫作教學(xué)中的重要一環(huán)。寫作教學(xué)旨在提升學(xué)生正確運用祖國語言文字能力,促進學(xué)生思維的發(fā)展,而作文評改環(huán)節(jié)更是實現(xiàn)寫作教學(xué)目的的重要途徑。然而現(xiàn)階段寫作教學(xué)中作文評改低效的現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重制約著學(xué)生寫作能力的發(fā)展。初中作文評改低效現(xiàn)象具體表現(xiàn)在兩個主要方面:第一,對于學(xué)生作文的評改僅僅局限于淺層修改,多數(shù)作文修改僅以字、詞、句的修改為主,很少對學(xué)生作文中存在的思路問題進行修改,這樣的作文評改傾向使學(xué)生作文中存在的最根本性的問題無法有針對性地解決,導(dǎo)致學(xué)生的作文存在癥結(jié)一再出現(xiàn),卻得不到有效根除,學(xué)生寫作水平提高緩慢。第二,作文評改的方式多以傳統(tǒng)的批改方式為主,忽視學(xué)生主觀能動性的發(fā)揮,學(xué)生自我修改意識不足。如何改變作文評改的低效化現(xiàn)象,如何讓教師從繁重的作文評改中走出來,如何把作文評改作為學(xué)生作文提升的有效途徑,這些問題一直困擾著每一個一線的語文教師。想要改變現(xiàn)階段作文評改的低效現(xiàn)狀,不僅需要改變現(xiàn)階段對評改觀念,還要轉(zhuǎn)變傳統(tǒng)的評改方式,同時結(jié)合現(xiàn)階段初中生的實際情況,形成高效的評改模式,切實提高學(xué)生的寫作能力。本論文中整理了幾位具有代表性的教育專家,包括葉圣陶、張志功、顧元初等人關(guān)于作文評改的觀點,確定作文評改在現(xiàn)階段初中寫作教學(xué)中的重要性及作文評改的方法,通過對義務(wù)教育語文課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中關(guān)于作文評改觀點的分析,明確評改的目標(biāo)和要求,確定評改的主要方向及其主要的評改方式,從宏觀方面理清評改的目標(biāo)和方向。同時通過對于蘇教版初中語文教材中評改專題的整理,從教材中明確初中階段作文評改的主要內(nèi)容,包括七年的詞語句子的修改過渡到八年級的語段的修改,到九年的整篇文章的修改,從中得到關(guān)于依據(jù)評改內(nèi)容確定評改方式的啟示。最后結(jié)合現(xiàn)階段學(xué)生的實際情況,現(xiàn)階段初中寫作教學(xué)中存在主要評改方式的優(yōu)缺點,提出適合現(xiàn)階段初中作文評改方式。本論文分為三個部分:第一部分為作文評改的意義及相關(guān)論述。第二部分對現(xiàn)階段初中生的評改情況的調(diào)查和分析,掌握現(xiàn)階段評改的新狀況和新問題,試圖尋找評改的新思路。第三部分為總結(jié)現(xiàn)階段初中作文評改方式的利弊,提出適合現(xiàn)階段的初中的作文評改的理想方式,介紹具體實施過程及步驟。
[Abstract]:Composition evaluation is an important part of writing teaching. The purpose of writing teaching is to improve the students' ability to use the native language correctly and to promote the development of students' thinking, and the link of composition evaluation is an important way to achieve the purpose of writing teaching. However, the phenomenon of low efficiency in writing teaching seriously restricts the development of students' writing ability. The phenomenon of low efficiency in the evaluation of junior high school composition is manifested in two main aspects: first, the evaluation of students' composition is limited to the shallow revision, and most of the composition revision is mainly the modification of words, words and sentences. It is rare to modify the problems of thinking existing in students' compositions. Such a tendency of composition evaluation makes the most fundamental problems in students' compositions unable to be solved in a targeted way, resulting in the existence of sticking points in students' compositions appearing again and again. However, it can not be effectively eradicated, and the students' writing level is improving slowly. Second, the way of composition evaluation is mainly traditional correction, ignoring students' subjective initiative, and students' consciousness of self-modification is insufficient. How to change the low efficiency phenomenon of composition evaluation, how to let teachers out of the heavy composition evaluation, how to take composition evaluation as an effective way to improve students' composition, these problems have been puzzling every Chinese teacher. In order to change the present inefficient situation of composition evaluation, it is necessary not only to change the concept of evaluation at this stage, but also to change the traditional evaluation methods, at the same time, combining the actual situation of junior high school students at the present stage, to form an efficient evaluation mode. Improve students' writing ability. In this paper, several representative education experts, including Ye Shengtao, Zhang Zhigong, Gu Yuanchu, etc., have their views on composition evaluation, and determine the importance of composition evaluation in the present junior middle school writing teaching and the methods of composition evaluation. Through the analysis of the viewpoint of composition evaluation in compulsory education Chinese curriculum standard, this paper clarifies the objectives and requirements of evaluation, determines the main direction of evaluation and its main ways of evaluation, and clarifies the goal and direction of evaluation from the macro aspect. At the same time, through sorting out the topics of evaluation and correction in the junior middle school Chinese teaching materials of the Su Education Edition, the main contents of the composition evaluation in the junior middle school stage, including the revision of the seven-year lexical sentence to the eighth grade segment, are clearly defined in the textbook. Nine years of revision of the entire article, on the basis of the content of evaluation to determine the way of evaluation. Finally, according to the actual situation of the students at this stage, there are advantages and disadvantages of the main evaluation methods in the writing teaching of junior high school at this stage, which is suitable for the present junior high school composition evaluation. This paper is divided into three parts: the first part is the significance of composition evaluation and related discussion. The second part is an investigation and analysis of the present situation of junior high school students' evaluation and correction, and tries to find a new way of thinking about the evaluation of junior high school students by mastering the new situation and new problems of the present stage. The third part is to sum up the advantages and disadvantages of the present junior high school composition evaluation, put forward the ideal way of the junior high school composition evaluation, and introduce the concrete implementation process and steps.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G633.34

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