【摘要】：課堂教學(xué)一直以來(lái)都是教學(xué)活動(dòng)的重中之重,新課改的實(shí)施給課堂教學(xué)提出了新的要求,師生之間、同學(xué)之間的相互交流,探究式學(xué)習(xí)方法的推廣,提高學(xué)生解決問(wèn)題的能力等等。如今雖然在課堂教學(xué)改革方面取得了一些效果,但卻依然難以滿足新課標(biāo)所提出的要求,一些值得推廣的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和教學(xué)理論還在進(jìn)一步的檢驗(yàn)當(dāng)中。因此,如何提高課堂教學(xué)的效率,形成高效課堂,才是教改成功的關(guān)鍵所在。筆者所在的學(xué)校是一所農(nóng)村中學(xué),由于自然環(huán)境、生活條件等因素,家庭教育跟不上,許多學(xué)生只能通過(guò)課內(nèi)學(xué)習(xí)來(lái)獲得知識(shí)、獲取信息;再加之學(xué)校教師隊(duì)伍教學(xué)理論和教學(xué)水平參差不齊,通過(guò)新課程改革實(shí)踐,教師教的行為和學(xué)生學(xué)的方式雖然有了一定的改變,但是“以人為本”的教育理念還沒(méi)有完全被廣大教師真正內(nèi)化,還沒(méi)有變成持續(xù)的教學(xué)行為,課堂教學(xué)的總體水平與“優(yōu)質(zhì)輕負(fù)、充滿活力”的新課程改革要求尚有差距。而課堂的低效也帶來(lái)了一些負(fù)面影響,如:一些學(xué)生逐漸失去了學(xué)習(xí)的興趣,甚至對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)產(chǎn)生逆反、抵觸心理。為了更加充分地了解農(nóng)村初中物理課堂教學(xué)的現(xiàn)狀,更好提出提高農(nóng)村初中物理課堂教學(xué)的策略,本文通過(guò)學(xué)生的不記名問(wèn)卷調(diào)查、對(duì)教師的隨堂觀察記錄以及教師訪談三種調(diào)查方式,對(duì)四個(gè)地區(qū),九所農(nóng)村初中的教師和學(xué)生進(jìn)行了調(diào)查研究。調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),雖然部分學(xué)生對(duì)于物理這一學(xué)科比較感興趣,但是學(xué)生沒(méi)有在學(xué)習(xí)中找到合適的學(xué)習(xí)方法,沒(méi)有養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣,教師在教學(xué)中還是偏重于對(duì)課本知識(shí)的講授,而忽視學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣、學(xué)習(xí)方法以及學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣對(duì)于課堂教學(xué)的影響,同時(shí)還發(fā)現(xiàn)教師在選擇課堂教學(xué)的教法上以及課堂的非語(yǔ)言行為上都存在著不足,正是由于這些影響了農(nóng)村初中物理課堂的教學(xué)效率。針對(duì)這些不足從教師的教學(xué)與學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)兩個(gè)方面提出構(gòu)建農(nóng)村初中物理高效課堂教學(xué)的策略建議。為了檢驗(yàn)策略建議的有效性筆者運(yùn)用新的教學(xué)方法進(jìn)行了實(shí)踐教學(xué),并與其他班級(jí)進(jìn)行教學(xué)效果對(duì)比,實(shí)踐結(jié)果表明,策略建議中的教學(xué)方法能夠有效地提高農(nóng)村初中物理課堂的效率。
[Abstract]:Classroom teaching has always been the most important part of teaching activities. The implementation of the new curriculum reform has put forward new requirements for classroom teaching, the exchange between teachers and students, and the promotion of inquiry learning methods. Improve students' ability to solve problems and so on. Although some achievements have been made in the reform of classroom teaching, it is still difficult to meet the requirements of the new curriculum standard, and some experiences and teaching theories that are worth popularizing are still under further examination. Therefore, how to improve the efficiency of classroom teaching and form efficient classroom is the key to the success of teaching reform. My school is a rural middle school, because of the natural environment, living conditions and other factors, family education can not keep up, many students can only through in-class learning to obtain knowledge, access to information; In addition, the teaching theory and teaching level of school teachers are not uniform. Through the practice of the new curriculum reform, the behavior of teachers and the way students learn have changed to a certain extent. However, the concept of "people-oriented" education has not been fully internalized by teachers, and has not yet become a continuous teaching behavior. The overall level of classroom teaching is still far from the requirements of the new curriculum reform of "high quality, light negative, full of vitality". However, the low efficiency of the classroom has brought some negative effects, such as: some students gradually lose their interest in learning, and even reverse the learning and resist psychology. In order to fully understand the present situation of physics classroom teaching in rural junior high school and better put forward the strategy of improving physics classroom teaching in rural junior high school, this paper adopts the anonymous questionnaire survey of students. This paper investigates teachers and students in nine rural junior middle schools in four regions and nine rural junior high schools. The survey found that although some students are more interested in the subject of physics, they have not found a suitable learning method in their study, have not developed a good study habit, and teachers are still biased towards the teaching of textbook knowledge. While ignoring the influence of students' learning interest, learning methods and learning habits on classroom teaching, it is also found that teachers have some shortcomings in choosing the teaching method of classroom teaching and the non-verbal behavior in classroom. It is because of these effects on the rural junior high school physics classroom teaching efficiency. In view of these shortcomings, the author puts forward some suggestions on how to construct effective physics classroom teaching in rural junior middle schools from the two aspects of teachers' teaching and students' learning. In order to test the effectiveness of the strategy suggestion, the author uses the new teaching method to carry on the practice teaching, and carries on the teaching effect contrast with other classes, the practice result shows that, The teaching method in the strategy suggestion can effectively improve the efficiency of physics classroom in rural junior middle school.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G633.7

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