新課程背景下體育校本課程文化的反思與重建
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-15 08:59
【摘要】：隨著“三級(jí)課程、三級(jí)管理”政策的出臺(tái),體育校本課程已然成為學(xué)校體育課程體系中不可忽視的組成部分。作為當(dāng)下體育新課程改革的熱點(diǎn),體育校本課程的出現(xiàn)為彌補(bǔ)傳統(tǒng)體育課程的缺陷,實(shí)現(xiàn)體育課程文化的轉(zhuǎn)型及建構(gòu)提供了良好的契機(jī)。對(duì)各級(jí)各類學(xué)校而言,體育校本課程自提出之時(shí)起就擔(dān)負(fù)著特殊的文化使命,即建構(gòu)具有學(xué)校特色的體育課程文化。這也就給予體育校本課程應(yīng)然文化屬性,具體表現(xiàn)為:現(xiàn)實(shí)性與針對(duì)性,以本校的辦學(xué)條件、學(xué)生與教師情況為導(dǎo)向;特色性與差異性,以研制出具有學(xué)校特色、可以滿足本校學(xué)生個(gè)性化需求的體育課程為目標(biāo);民主性與開(kāi)放性,以學(xué)校為基地進(jìn)行的開(kāi)放民主的決策過(guò)程。然而,在對(duì)當(dāng)前體育校本課程的考察與分析之后,發(fā)現(xiàn)體育校本課程文化存在有課程文化相對(duì)保守、價(jià)值取向功利化傾向、文化自覺(jué)意識(shí)匱乏、課程文化表面化等問(wèn)題。導(dǎo)致體育校本課程文化弱化的根源主要有以下幾個(gè)方面:依然存在的工具理性主義體育課程文化觀使然、與體育課程改革相配套的保障體系相對(duì)滯后、應(yīng)試教育體制的功利化導(dǎo)向。最后,通過(guò)相關(guān)理論的指導(dǎo),從主體性與實(shí)踐性兩個(gè)方面提出相關(guān)策略以重構(gòu)與強(qiáng)化體育校本課程文化。本文認(rèn)為,主體性策略主要有:學(xué)校主體策略,樹(shù)立先進(jìn)的教育思想和鮮明的辦學(xué)理念,建設(shè)有效、民主的學(xué)校組織結(jié)構(gòu),建立起科學(xué)、自律的“校本”評(píng)價(jià)體系和審議制度,打造與體育校本課程文化建設(shè)相配套的教研服務(wù)體系;教師主體策略,擁有體育學(xué)科課程意識(shí),形成符合時(shí)代發(fā)展的體育課程觀念,了解和掌握相應(yīng)的體育課程知識(shí),強(qiáng)化體育科研意識(shí),具備一定體育課程研制能力;學(xué)生主體策略,注重其在體育實(shí)踐過(guò)程中對(duì)于體育運(yùn)動(dòng)文化的深度體驗(yàn),提升學(xué)生的生命健康,關(guān)注學(xué)生個(gè)體的差異,注重體育校本課程文化內(nèi)容的選擇性與多樣性,追求學(xué)生的完整發(fā)展。實(shí)踐性策略主要有:學(xué)校層面的實(shí)踐策略,體育文化與體育校本課程模式的選擇;體育校本課程設(shè)計(jì)層面的實(shí)踐策略,體育校本課程的選擇與改編。
[Abstract]:With the introduction of the policy of "three-level curriculum, three-level management", physical education school-based curriculum has become a part of the school physical education curriculum system that can not be ignored. As a hot spot in the new curriculum reform of physical education, the emergence of school-based physical education curriculum provides a good opportunity to make up for the defects of traditional physical education curriculum and to realize the transformation and construction of physical education curriculum culture. For all kinds of schools, physical education school-based curriculum has been shouldering a special cultural mission since it was put forward, that is, to construct the PE curriculum culture with school characteristics. This also gives the physical education school-based curriculum its cultural attributes, which are: realistic and targeted, guided by the school's conditions, students and teachers, characteristic and different, in order to develop a school with its own characteristics, It is an open and democratic decision-making process, which can satisfy the students' individualized needs, be democratic and open, and take the school as the base. However, after the investigation and analysis of the current physical education school-based curriculum, it is found that there are some problems in PE school-based curriculum culture, such as the relatively conservative curriculum culture, the utilitarian tendency of value orientation, the lack of cultural consciousness and the surfacing of curriculum culture. The causes of the weakening of physical education school-based curriculum culture mainly include the following aspects: the tool rationalism culture view of physical education curriculum is still existing, and the corresponding guarantee system of physical education curriculum reform lags behind. The utilitarian orientation of the examination-oriented education system. Finally, through the guidance of relevant theories, this paper puts forward some relevant strategies from two aspects of subjectivity and practicality in order to reconstruct and strengthen the culture of physical education school-based curriculum. This paper holds that the main strategies of subjectivity include: the strategy of school subject, the establishment of advanced educational thought and distinct idea of running a school, the construction of an effective and democratic school organizational structure, the establishment of a scientific and self-discipline "school-based" evaluation system and a review system. To build a teaching and research service system which is compatible with the construction of the culture of physical education school-based curriculum, the main body strategy of teachers, the consciousness of physical education subject curriculum, the formation of sports curriculum concept in accordance with the development of the times, and the understanding and mastery of the corresponding knowledge of physical education curriculum. Strengthen sports scientific research consciousness, have certain ability of physical education curriculum development, pay attention to the students' main body strategy, pay attention to the deep experience of sports culture in the process of sports practice, promote the students' life health, pay attention to the difference of students' individual. Pay attention to the selection and diversity of the cultural content of PE school-based curriculum and pursue the complete development of students. The practical strategies include: the practical strategies at school level, the choice of sports culture and physical education school-based curriculum model, the practical strategy of physical school-based curriculum design level, the choice and adaptation of PE school-based curriculum.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G633.96
本文編號(hào)：2123534
[Abstract]:With the introduction of the policy of "three-level curriculum, three-level management", physical education school-based curriculum has become a part of the school physical education curriculum system that can not be ignored. As a hot spot in the new curriculum reform of physical education, the emergence of school-based physical education curriculum provides a good opportunity to make up for the defects of traditional physical education curriculum and to realize the transformation and construction of physical education curriculum culture. For all kinds of schools, physical education school-based curriculum has been shouldering a special cultural mission since it was put forward, that is, to construct the PE curriculum culture with school characteristics. This also gives the physical education school-based curriculum its cultural attributes, which are: realistic and targeted, guided by the school's conditions, students and teachers, characteristic and different, in order to develop a school with its own characteristics, It is an open and democratic decision-making process, which can satisfy the students' individualized needs, be democratic and open, and take the school as the base. However, after the investigation and analysis of the current physical education school-based curriculum, it is found that there are some problems in PE school-based curriculum culture, such as the relatively conservative curriculum culture, the utilitarian tendency of value orientation, the lack of cultural consciousness and the surfacing of curriculum culture. The causes of the weakening of physical education school-based curriculum culture mainly include the following aspects: the tool rationalism culture view of physical education curriculum is still existing, and the corresponding guarantee system of physical education curriculum reform lags behind. The utilitarian orientation of the examination-oriented education system. Finally, through the guidance of relevant theories, this paper puts forward some relevant strategies from two aspects of subjectivity and practicality in order to reconstruct and strengthen the culture of physical education school-based curriculum. This paper holds that the main strategies of subjectivity include: the strategy of school subject, the establishment of advanced educational thought and distinct idea of running a school, the construction of an effective and democratic school organizational structure, the establishment of a scientific and self-discipline "school-based" evaluation system and a review system. To build a teaching and research service system which is compatible with the construction of the culture of physical education school-based curriculum, the main body strategy of teachers, the consciousness of physical education subject curriculum, the formation of sports curriculum concept in accordance with the development of the times, and the understanding and mastery of the corresponding knowledge of physical education curriculum. Strengthen sports scientific research consciousness, have certain ability of physical education curriculum development, pay attention to the students' main body strategy, pay attention to the deep experience of sports culture in the process of sports practice, promote the students' life health, pay attention to the difference of students' individual. Pay attention to the selection and diversity of the cultural content of PE school-based curriculum and pursue the complete development of students. The practical strategies include: the practical strategies at school level, the choice of sports culture and physical education school-based curriculum model, the practical strategy of physical school-based curriculum design level, the choice and adaptation of PE school-based curriculum.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G633.96
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