本文選題：觀察分析能力 + 課堂觀察�。� 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著時代的發(fā)展,地理實踐力對學(xué)生發(fā)展的重要性日益凸顯出來,世界各國普遍開始重視學(xué)生地理實踐力的培養(yǎng)。近年來我國提出的地理核心素養(yǎng),將地理實踐力確定為四個地理核心素養(yǎng)之一,可見,我國對學(xué)生地理實踐力發(fā)展的重視。本文從地理觀察分析實踐能力的視角,利用文獻法、專家咨詢法、課堂觀察法對高中生地理實踐素養(yǎng)的培養(yǎng)現(xiàn)狀進行研究,了解到當前高中生地理實踐素養(yǎng)培養(yǎng)中存在的問題,包括在觀察目標方面較少考慮學(xué)生的差異性、觀察目標表述較為模糊;在觀察過程方面沒有充分體現(xiàn)學(xué)生的主體性、過程性評價不夠重視;在觀察結(jié)果方面結(jié)果性評價主體單一、遷移停留在知識層面。針對這些問題從宏觀和微觀層面提出了相應(yīng)的培養(yǎng)策略,宏觀層面主要包括在新課改中突出地理觀察分析實踐素養(yǎng)培養(yǎng)的重要地位;改變重知識輕能力的選拔模式兩個方面。微觀層面主要包括加強師生交流,根據(jù)學(xué)生差異制定不同的觀察目標;觀察目標表述具體化,增強可操作性;提高觀察過程的開放性,突出學(xué)生的主體地位;關(guān)注過程性評價,促進學(xué)生發(fā)展;引導(dǎo)學(xué)生參與結(jié)果性評價,實現(xiàn)評價主體多元化;聯(lián)系學(xué)生生活實際,促進多方面遷移六個方面。以期能夠為更好地促進高中生地理實踐素養(yǎng)的培養(yǎng)提供一定的借鑒。本文的主要內(nèi)容包括以下六個部分:第一部分緒論,通過對相關(guān)文獻的梳理,確定了研究的背景和意義、國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀,進而確定了本論文的研究方向、研究目標、研究內(nèi)容、研究方法以及技術(shù)路線。第二部分對基本概念進行的界定,并闡述了研究的理論基礎(chǔ),包括高中地理課程的基本理念、杜威“從做中學(xué)”和陶行知“教學(xué)做合一”思想、建構(gòu)主義理論,為后文的寫作奠定了理論基礎(chǔ)。第三部分是對高中生地理觀察分析實踐能力診斷量表體系的構(gòu)建,以新課程的評價觀,以教看學(xué)、以學(xué)評教的思想和促進師生發(fā)展的要求為依據(jù),以地理學(xué)科性原則、目標性原則、科學(xué)性原則、導(dǎo)向性原則、可操作性原則為原則,采用專家咨詢法制定了課堂觀察診斷量表,并對量表水平層級的劃分進行了具體的說明。第四部分是根據(jù)所制定的量表選取9節(jié)課堂實錄案例進行課堂觀察,對高中生觀察分析實踐能力培養(yǎng)現(xiàn)狀進行診斷,并對診斷結(jié)果進行整體分析和具體分析,通過多方面的分析,了解高中生觀察分析實踐能力培養(yǎng)中存在的問題。第五部分是針對高中生地理觀察分析實踐能力培養(yǎng)中存在的問題從宏觀層面和微觀層面提出了相應(yīng)的培養(yǎng)策略。并且對于策略的應(yīng)用,又以一個具體的案例進行了說明。第六部分是結(jié)論與展望部分,包括本文的基本結(jié)論、研究的不足之處以及對研究前景的展望。本研究是以地理課堂實錄視頻為載體,能夠比較直觀地了解不同地區(qū)高中生地理觀察分析實踐素養(yǎng)培養(yǎng)現(xiàn)狀,并針對其中存在的問題提出了相應(yīng)的培養(yǎng)策略,能夠豐富地理核心素養(yǎng)培養(yǎng)的理論體系,對高中生地理實踐素養(yǎng)的培養(yǎng)具有一定的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:With the development of the times, the importance of geographical practice to the development of students is becoming more and more important. All the countries in the world have begun to attach importance to the cultivation of students' geographical practice. In recent years, the geographical core literacy put forward in our country determines the geographical practice force as one of the four geographical core qualities. It is obvious that our country attaches great importance to the development of students' geographical practice. From the perspective of geographical observation and analysis of practical ability, this paper makes use of literature, expert consultation, and classroom observation to study the current situation of high school students' Geographical Practice accomplishment, and understand the existing problems in the cultivation of senior high school students' Geographical Practice accomplishment, including less consideration of students' differences and observation of target expression on the objective side. It is more vague; it does not fully reflect the students' subjectivity in the observation process, and the process evaluation is not paid enough attention; the results of the outcome evaluation are single and the migration stays at the knowledge level. It is important to observe and analyze the important position of the cultivation of practical accomplishment, and to change the two aspects of the selection mode of heavy knowledge and light ability. The micro level mainly includes strengthening the communication between teachers and students, making different observation targets according to the differences of students, observing the specific expression of the target expression, enhancing the maneuverability, improving the openness of the observation process, and highlighting the main body status of the students; In order to promote students' development, promote students' development, guide students to participate in the result evaluation, realize the diversification of the evaluation subjects, contact the students' life practice, and promote the multifaceted migration in six aspects. In order to improve the training of high school students' geographical practice, the main contents of this paper include the following six parts: first Part of the introduction, through the combing of relevant literature, determine the background and significance of the research, the research status at home and abroad, and then determine the research direction of this paper, research objectives, research content, research methods and technical routes. Second parts of the basic concepts are defined, and the theoretical basis of the study, including high school geography curriculum. The basic concept, Dewey "from doing middle school" and Tao Xingzhi "teaching to do one" thought, constructivist theory, for the later writing laid a theoretical foundation. The third part is the construction of the high school students' geographical observation and analysis practice ability diagnosis scale system construction, with the new curriculum evaluation, to teach and evaluate teaching ideas and promote teachers and students. The requirement of development is based on the principle of geographical science, objective principle, scientific principle, guiding principle and maneuverability principle. The classroom observation diagnosis scale is determined by expert consultation, and the division of the level level of the scale is explained in detail. The fourth part is to select 9 classes according to the scale set up. The case is recorded in the classroom observation, the status of the high school students' observation and analysis practice ability training status is diagnosed, and the diagnosis results are analyzed and analyzed in a whole. Through the analysis of many aspects, the problems existing in the training of high school students' observation and analysis practice ability are understood. The fifth part is aimed at the training of the high school students' geographical observation and analysis practice ability. The existing problems are put forward from the macro level and micro level, and the application of the strategy is explained with a specific case. The sixth part is the conclusion and prospect part, including the basic conclusions of this paper, the shortcomings of the research and the prospect of the research. Video as the carrier, can be more intuitively understand the status quo of high school students' geographical observation and analysis practice literacy training in different regions, and put forward corresponding training strategies in view of the existing problems, which can enrich the theoretical system of geography core literacy training, and have certain reference significance for the cultivation of senior high school students' geographical practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G633.55

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