本文選題：化學教科書 + 實驗欄目�。� 參考：《云南師范大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：新課標人教版選修4《化學反應原理》中設(shè)置了多樣化的欄目。其中實驗類型的欄目,就有實驗、科學探究、實踐活動、家庭小實驗4種類型。使用教科書中實驗欄目進行化學教學,其目的在于全面提高學生科學探究實驗的能力,實踐應用能力,激發(fā)學生的學科創(chuàng)新意識,發(fā)展學生的科學素養(yǎng)。教師怎樣合理、有效的利用實驗欄目,并能根據(jù)教學實際情況,學生的認知特點對相關(guān)實驗欄目進行適度整合和改進,更好靈活運用教科書中的實驗欄目,踐行“用好教材”。本研究主要針對在高中化學教學中,人教版選修4《化學反應原理》實驗欄目的使用現(xiàn)狀。從五個部分進行闡述:第一部分,介紹了本次研究背景、意義、內(nèi)容、研究思路和方法。第二部分,梳理人教版選修4《化學反應原理》實驗欄目的理論基礎(chǔ)。包括有:核心概念的界定;實驗欄目的內(nèi)容;特點;作用以及教學功能。第三部分,查閱大量的文獻資料,整理歸納出國外、國內(nèi)關(guān)于教科書中實驗欄目使用的研究現(xiàn)狀、成果等等,為本次研究的實施提供了寶貴的建議。第四部分,經(jīng)過問卷調(diào)查、教師訪談,分析人教版選修4《化學反應原理》實驗欄目的使用情況。發(fā)現(xiàn)存在的問題,有:學生動手實驗的機會少;實驗欄目的教學方式單一;教師設(shè)計的探究實驗活動較少,對實驗的研究、改進少。對問題進行了原因分析。還提出了使用教科書實驗欄目的教學建議,有:改變化學實驗的教學觀念,加強教師化學實驗技能;探索化學實驗教學的有效方法,提高教師的指導技巧;加強教師的研究意識,爭做“研究型”教師。第五部分,針對提出的教學建議,進行教學案例設(shè)計并實踐研究。在教學設(shè)計中,設(shè)置了教學反思環(huán)節(jié)。將情境創(chuàng)設(shè),實驗改進,設(shè)計的意圖,充分展示出來。最后,根據(jù)學生的實驗能力測評和化學成績的前測、中測及后測對本次實踐研究效果做出測評,從而得出本次研究的結(jié)果。教學實踐結(jié)果表明,利用教材中實驗欄目的功能進行教學,可以提高學生動手實驗能力的科學素養(yǎng)。還可以增強學生學習化學的興趣,提高學生的主體學習意識。對學生化學成績的提高也有一定的幫助。
[Abstract]:A variety of columns have been set up in the elective 4 Chemical reaction principles of the New Curriculum Standard. Among them, there are four types of experiment: experiment, scientific inquiry, practical activity and small family experiment. The purpose of chemistry teaching with experimental columns in textbooks is to improve students' ability of scientific inquiry experiment, practice and application, stimulate students' consciousness of subject innovation and develop students' scientific literacy. How to make use of the experimental column reasonably and effectively, and according to the actual situation of teaching, how to integrate and improve the relevant experimental column according to the students' cognitive characteristics, and how to use the experimental column in the textbook more flexibly and to practice "using the textbook well". This research mainly aims at the present situation of the experiment column of "Chemical reaction principle" in the teaching of chemistry in senior high school. The first part introduces the research background, significance, content, research ideas and methods. In the second part, the theoretical basis of the experimental column of "Chemical reaction principle" is summarized. Including: the definition of core concepts; the content of experimental columns; characteristics; role and teaching function. The third part, referring to a large number of literature materials, collate the foreign and domestic research on the use of experimental columns in textbooks, results, and so on, which provides valuable suggestions for the implementation of this study. The fourth part, through the questionnaire investigation, the teacher interview, analyzes the person education edition elective 4 "chemical reaction principle" experimental column use situation. The problems found are: less chance for students to do experiments; single teaching method for experimental columns; less inquiry experiment activities designed by teachers; less improvement for experimental research. The causes of the problem are analyzed. The author also puts forward some suggestions on how to use the experimental column of textbooks, such as changing the teaching concept of chemistry experiment, strengthening teachers' chemistry experiment skills, exploring the effective methods of chemistry experiment teaching and improving teachers' guiding skills. Strengthen teachers' research consciousness and strive to be "research-based" teachers. The fifth part, according to the teaching suggestion, carries on the teaching case design and the practice research. In the teaching design, the teaching reflection link is set up. Situation creation, experimental improvement, design intent, fully demonstrated. Finally, according to the test of students' experimental ability and the pre-test of chemical scores, the effect of this practical research is evaluated by the middle test and the post-test, and the results of this study are obtained. The result of teaching practice shows that the scientific accomplishment of students' ability of hands-on experiment can be improved by using the function of experimental column in teaching material. Can also enhance students' interest in learning chemistry, improve students' main learning consciousness. It is also helpful to the improvement of students' chemistry scores.
【學位授予單位】：云南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G633.8

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