本文選題：學情 + 探查��； 參考：《魯東大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著新課改的不斷深入,生本教育的思想漸漸扎根于各科教學中。在這種教育思想的引領下學情探查必然受到了教師的格外關注。“學情探查”能力相應也成為師范生應具備的從事教學設計和教學研究的一種能力。理論研究和實際觀察發(fā)現學情分析、學情探查能力是教師與學生有效溝通、交流的一種新型教學能力。本論文從教學設計、教學創(chuàng)新、有效教學、意義建構等角度明確了學情分析、學情探查的意義。指出只有進行扎實的學情分析才能掌握學生認知發(fā)展過程、打破化學教學設計的神秘感、減少師范生當中不接地氣的“表演性”教學設計作品的出現�；趯瘜W師范生“學情探查”能力研究的重要性和可行性,本論文選取了一定數目的應屆化學師范類畢業(yè)生為研究對象,采用“調查問卷”與“訪談法”等,進行了多方面、多角度的觀察、調查等研究。首先論文以概述的形式對學情分析、學情探查的內涵、關系以及研究意義、研究方法等進行了闡述,接著又將學情分析能力比較細致地劃分為“學情分析意識的自覺性、學情信息采集渠道多元化、學情探查行為方法的科學性和探查結果利用的主動性創(chuàng)新性”方面四個一級指標。根據學情分析能力的構成要素和行為表現兩個方面設計了調查問卷。再選擇一定數量的師范生進行學情分析能力現狀的問卷調查。收集、統(tǒng)計、分析相關的調查數據,結合師范生的訪談,發(fā)現目前師范生學情分析能力的現狀和存在的問題,提出了應該糾正教學設計過程中學情分析走過場、學情信息不準確的做法。同時結合化學教學設計的實際課題對探索如何進行學情探查、如何借助學情探查結果、尋找教學前、后學生發(fā)展的差異和空隙,以及如何根據化學教學的特點進行創(chuàng)新性的教學設計等問題進行了研究。開展此課題研究的根本目的是轉變師范生在學情分析過程中出現的紕漏和差錯,提高教學設計的精準性。本論文選擇魯教版初中——“溶液的形成”這個典型的課題進行了較深入的探查,解決了教學設計中避重就輕、避難就易和避過程就結果的問題,在探查的基礎上建立了溶液認識發(fā)展模型。在“乙酸”的教學設計中針對于課前進行了學情分析。在課前的學情分析中,主要運用訪談法的方式獲取學情。通過對訪談結果的進一步分析確定了教學設計的每一個環(huán)節(jié)。從生活實際入手,并將有關“酸”的發(fā)展歷史制作成視頻,讓學生不僅學會了課本知識也注重人文方面的熏陶,這也是學生的興趣所在。在課中的學情分析也是必要的,主要表現為及時根據學生的反饋調整教學進度、教學重點難點以及講授的方法等,真實的課堂與預設的課堂還有一定的差距,這就要求教育者具有較強的教育機智,能掌握整節(jié)課的節(jié)奏,達到較好的教學效果。課后的學情分析主要體現在要關注學生的反饋,為今后教學提供指導。最后部分是總結與展望,該部分是對前幾章的總結,并提出了論文中的不足之處以及該課題可以繼續(xù)研究的方向。又根據對現狀的分析,提出相應的建議及對策。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of the new curriculum reform, the idea of the education is gradually rooted in the teaching of various subjects. Under the guidance of this educational thought, the exploration of the learning situation is bound to be paid more attention by the teachers. It is a new teaching ability to communicate and communicate effectively between teachers and students. This paper has clearly defined the significance of the analysis of the learning situation and the exploration of the situation from the perspectives of teaching design, teaching innovation, effective teaching and meaning construction. To break the mystical sense of chemistry teaching design, reduce the appearance of "performing" teaching design which is ungrounded in normal students. Based on the importance and feasibility of the study on the ability to explore the ability of the students in chemical normal school, this paper selects a certain number of graduates as the research object, and adopts the questionnaire. With the "interview method" and so on, many aspects, multi angle observation, investigation and so on are carried out. First of all, the paper expounds the analysis of the learning situation, the connotation, the relationship and the significance of the study, the research methods and so on. There are four first grade indicators in the aspects of the diversity of information collection channels, the scientific nature of the methods of learning and the initiative innovation of the exploration results. The questionnaire is designed according to the two aspects of the constituent elements and behavior performance of the learning ability analysis ability, and a number of normal students are selected to investigate the status of the ability to analyze the learning situation. Collect, statistics, analyze the relevant survey data, combine with the interview of normal students, find the present situation and existing problems of the analysis ability of the normal students' learning situation, and put forward the practice of correcting the analysis of the middle school situation in the teaching design process and the inaccurate information of the learning information. The basic purpose of the research is to change the mistakes and mistakes of the students in the process of the analysis of the learning situation and to improve the teaching. In this paper, the paper selects the typical subject of "the formation of solution", which is the typical subject of "the formation of solution" in this paper, which has solved the problems of light, easy and avoiding the result in the design of teaching. On the basis of exploration, the development model of solution recognition is established. To analyze the situation before class. In the analysis of the situation before class, we mainly use the way of interview to obtain the learning situation. Through the further analysis of the interview results, every link of the teaching design is determined. From the reality of life, the history of the development of "acid" is made into video, so that students not only learn the knowledge of the textbook, but also learn the knowledge of the textbook. It is also the interest of the students to pay attention to the edification of the humanities. It is also necessary to analyze the learning situation in the class. It is mainly manifested in the timely adjustment of the teaching progress, the key points and the methods of teaching according to the feedback of the students. There is a definite gap between the real class and the presupposed class, which requires the educators to have a strong teaching. It can grasp the rhythm of the whole lesson and achieve better teaching effect. The analysis of the learning situation after class is mainly reflected in the need to pay attention to the feedback of the students and provide guidance for the future teaching. The last part is the summary and prospect. This part is a summary of the previous chapters, and puts forward the shortcomings in the paper and the direction of the subject that can continue to be studied. Based on the analysis of the present situation, the corresponding suggestions and countermeasures are put forward.
【學位授予單位】：魯東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G633.8;G652

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