本文選題：語文體驗(yàn)式教學(xué)法 + 寫作教學(xué)��； 參考：《陜西師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：《語文課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》提出的階段目標(biāo)(7—9年級(jí))中提出了閱讀和寫作教學(xué)應(yīng)該達(dá)到的目標(biāo)。但是閱讀和寫作教學(xué)到底應(yīng)該怎樣開展,怎樣開展才能更加科學(xué)有效,卻是困惑眾多語文教師的難題�？v觀初中語文閱讀和寫作教學(xué),有的教師注重閱讀和寫作理論的講授而忽略了對(duì)學(xué)生閱讀寫作實(shí)踐的指導(dǎo)；有的教師注重學(xué)生的閱讀和寫作訓(xùn)練而缺乏對(duì)到底如何閱讀和寫作進(jìn)行科學(xué)指導(dǎo)；有的教師注重范文的閱讀指導(dǎo)而輕視了學(xué)生對(duì)真實(shí)生活感悟的激發(fā)；有的教師注重用閱讀和寫作模式來規(guī)范學(xué)生的閱讀和寫作,類似的錯(cuò)誤語文教學(xué)方式導(dǎo)致語文讀寫教學(xué)一直在自己的領(lǐng)域中單獨(dú)作戰(zhàn)�！墩Z言新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》中提出語文要：溝通課堂內(nèi)外,語文是生活的外延,要不斷將課堂和生活緊密相聯(lián),以讓學(xué)生有更廣闊的學(xué)習(xí)空間,要讓學(xué)生能夠?qū)⒃谡n堂所學(xué)運(yùn)用到日常生活,做到學(xué)以致用。因此在新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中,注重體驗(yàn)成為了語文教育的一個(gè)新的重要理念,新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)前言中明確指出：“教師教學(xué)要在不違背道德、法律等正確人生觀的基礎(chǔ)上,注重孩子在語文學(xué)習(xí)中自己的情感體驗(yàn)�！边@一理論有助于消除學(xué)生“無米下鍋”的苦惱,有助于扭轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)生閱讀感受與寫作作品“千人一面”的現(xiàn)狀,也可以幫助教師和學(xué)生建立全新的語文讀寫觀,也就是說,能夠讓學(xué)生在教學(xué)中、生活中充分的“身體力行”,同時(shí)體會(huì)生命中的不同精彩,在言語抒寫中享受表達(dá)生命的幸福及成就。體驗(yàn)式語文閱讀與寫作教學(xué)的出發(fā)點(diǎn)是體驗(yàn)生活,目的地是個(gè)性化表達(dá)的生活體驗(yàn)。在語文教學(xué)中,閱讀和寫作是學(xué)生語文綜合學(xué)習(xí)能力的體現(xiàn),也一直是語文教育領(lǐng)域關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)對(duì)象。有眾多的學(xué)者和老師都在為怎樣做好閱讀和寫作教學(xué)做出理論和實(shí)踐的不斷奮進(jìn),其中也取得了不少成果。即使如此,在真正的語文教學(xué)課堂上閱讀和寫作依舊存在各種阻滯,導(dǎo)致語文教學(xué)發(fā)展在相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間內(nèi)受到限制。體驗(yàn)式語文教學(xué)觀點(diǎn)的提出,為語文閱讀和寫作打開一扇窗,將體驗(yàn)作為閱讀和寫作中的一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié),一個(gè)必經(jīng)的歷程,之后將體驗(yàn)感受落實(shí)為閱讀和寫作。筆者寫這篇文章的理論是建立在體驗(yàn)式教學(xué)理論基礎(chǔ)上的,符合現(xiàn)代心理學(xué)對(duì)學(xué)生的要求,同時(shí)不違背新課標(biāo)對(duì)語文教學(xué)的價(jià)值取向,并且將現(xiàn)在初中語文課堂閱讀和寫作的實(shí)際情況結(jié)合到文章研究中,在理論和實(shí)踐兩個(gè)方面解讀體驗(yàn)式語文教學(xué)的閱讀和寫作。本文一共分為六個(gè)部分：第一部分是選題依據(jù)、目的、意義、研究方法及創(chuàng)新之處,以國(guó)內(nèi)外目前語文教學(xué)研究理論為指導(dǎo),先選擇好實(shí)驗(yàn)的主體,再將體驗(yàn)式教學(xué)作為實(shí)驗(yàn)的研究對(duì)象；第二部分具體說明這種語文教學(xué)方法的實(shí)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ),解釋這種語文教學(xué)方法的精髓、含義,詮釋新課標(biāo)對(duì)這種教學(xué)方法的基本要求。這部分的研究主要從理論出發(fā),具體從學(xué)生主體性、親歷性、個(gè)性化、整體化、實(shí)用性等五個(gè)方面解讀新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn),以求確認(rèn)體驗(yàn)式教學(xué)法能夠貫徹現(xiàn)代語文教學(xué)理論,適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代語文教學(xué)的發(fā)展；第三部分詳細(xì)盤點(diǎn)了現(xiàn)階段中學(xué)語文閱讀教學(xué)與寫作教學(xué)的課堂中存在的問題,從目前教學(xué)的實(shí)際出發(fā)列舉在新課程改革過程中不太符合新課標(biāo)體驗(yàn)式教學(xué)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的問題；第四部分詳解了體驗(yàn)式教學(xué)在閱讀和寫作課堂上的意義,明確提出體驗(yàn)式教學(xué)對(duì)初中語文閱讀和寫作課程的重大作用；第五部分從實(shí)際出發(fā),詳述了在語文閱讀和寫作教學(xué)中體驗(yàn)式教學(xué)的實(shí)施方略,例如激情吟誦法、創(chuàng)設(shè)情景法、預(yù)設(shè)問題情境法、知人論世法、生活化教學(xué)法、體驗(yàn)實(shí)踐法等閱讀、寫作教學(xué)方式；第六部分是對(duì)筆者在實(shí)踐過程中具體的課堂操作實(shí)例的介紹,并且附有教學(xué)反思。在經(jīng)過實(shí)踐、反思的過程后,總結(jié)出的體驗(yàn)式教學(xué)法的優(yōu)勢(shì)及可行的操作模式,并及時(shí)反省其缺陷及操作中的不完善現(xiàn)象,以期為體驗(yàn)式教學(xué)法的研究提供真實(shí)可信的素材及經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)。
[Abstract]:The objective of reading and writing teaching should be achieved in the stage target (Grade 7 to 9) of the Chinese curriculum standard. But how to carry out the teaching of reading and writing and how to be more scientific and effective is a difficult problem for many Chinese teachers. The teaching of the theory of reading and writing neglects the guidance to the students' reading and writing practice. Some teachers pay attention to the students' reading and writing training but lack the scientific guidance on how to read and write. Some teachers pay attention to the reading guidance of the model and despise the students' inspiration to the real life and life; some teachers pay attention to the use of them. Reading and writing mode to standardize the students' reading and writing, similar wrong language teaching methods lead to the Chinese language reading and writing teaching has always been in their own field. Therefore, in the new curriculum standard, the emphasis on experience has become a new important concept in Chinese education. The preface of the new curriculum standard clearly points out: "teachers' teaching should be based on the basis of the correct outlook on life, such as morality and law." On the other hand, we should pay attention to the emotional experience of children in Chinese learning. "This theory helps to eliminate the distress of the" no rice cooker ", helps to reverse the current situation of students' reading feelings and writing, and helps teachers and students to establish a new concept of language reading and writing, that is to say, students can be taught in the teaching, The starting point of the experiential language reading and writing teaching is to experience life, the destination is the life experience of individualized expression. In Chinese teaching, reading and writing are the comprehensive study of the students in Chinese. The embodiment of ability has always been the focus of attention in the field of Chinese education. Many scholars and teachers have made continuous progress in how to do well in the theory and practice of reading and writing, and many achievements have been achieved. Even so, there are still various blocks in reading and writing in the real Chinese teaching class. The development of Chinese language teaching has been restricted for a long time. The introduction of experiential language teaching view opens a window for Chinese reading and writing, takes experience as a link in reading and writing, a required course, after which experience experience is implemented as reading and writing. The author's theory of writing this article is based on experience. On the basis of the theory of teaching, it meets the requirements of modern psychology for students, and does not violate the value orientation of the new curriculum standard for Chinese teaching, and combines the actual situation of reading and writing in junior middle school to the study of the present article. The reading and writing of the experiential language teaching is interpreted in two aspects of theory and practice. This article is a total of this article. It is divided into six parts: the first part is the basis of the topic, the purpose, the meaning, the research method and the innovation, taking the present research theory of Chinese and foreign language teaching at home and abroad as the guidance, first choosing the subject of the experiment, and then taking the experiential teaching as the research object of the experiment; the second part concretely explains the experimental foundation of the Chinese teaching method, and explains this kind of experiment. The essence of the language teaching method, the meaning, the interpretation of the basic requirements of the new curriculum standard for this teaching method. This part of the study mainly from the theory, specifically from the students' subjectivity, personal experience, individualization, integrity, practicality and other five aspects of the new curriculum standards, in order to ensure that the experiential teaching method can carry out modern Chinese teaching theory, suitable for the implementation of the modern language teaching theory. The development of modern Chinese teaching; the third part details the existing problems in Chinese reading teaching and writing teaching at the present stage, and enumerates the problems that are not too conforming to the new curriculum standard of experience teaching in the course of the new course reform, and the fourth part explains the experience teaching in reading from the current teaching practice. And the significance of writing in the classroom, clearly put forward the important role of experiential teaching to the Chinese reading and writing courses in junior middle school. The fifth part, starting from the reality, details the implementation of experiential teaching in Chinese reading and writing teaching, such as the passion recitation method, the creation of the scene method, the presupposition problem situation method, the understanding method, the living teaching. The sixth part is the introduction of the specific classroom operation examples of the author in the practice process, and the teaching reflection. After the process of practice and reflection, the author summarizes the advantages and feasible operation modes of the experiential teaching method, and introspection its defects and operation in time. Perfect the phenomenon, in order to provide authentic and credible materials and lessons for the study of experiential teaching method.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：G633.3

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