本文選題：校園欺凌 + 學校教育��； 參考：《河南師范大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：當前,校園欺凌事件愈演愈烈,我們從各種渠道上都能看到校園欺凌的影子,頻發(fā)于中小學階段的校園欺凌由于其手段殘忍惡劣、侮辱性極強而不斷刺痛著大眾的神經(jīng)。受欺凌學生無力反抗,只能任由欺凌者恣意凌辱,若稍有反抗就會遭致更嚴厲的報復,加之欺凌事件的圍觀者往往會拍攝欺凌視頻并將視頻傳到網(wǎng)絡上引起他人圍觀,這樣就會對受欺凌者造成二次傷害,使受欺凌者長期生活在巨大的心理陰影之下,久而久之就容易產(chǎn)生多種心理問題,影響其身心健康發(fā)展。而欺凌者采取的扇耳光、扯頭發(fā)、用腳踹、強迫下跪等形式極大地滿足了自身支配他人的扭曲心態(tài),若是不加以及時制止,終究會走向違法犯罪的道路。面對如此嚴峻的校園欺凌事件,我們不應當只停留于憤慨的地步,更要去研究這種現(xiàn)象,分析它的特點和危害,找出背后深層次的原因,并探索出行之有效的預防治理策略。本文歸納了國內(nèi)外專家學者關于欺凌行為的定義,分析了校園欺凌的一般特點:欺凌事件存在的普遍性、持續(xù)時間的長期性、欺凌行為的隱蔽性、欺凌手段和形式的多樣性、欺凌呈現(xiàn)團伙化趨勢以及欺凌者和受欺凌者雙方力量對比的差異性。論文在此基礎上分析了校園欺凌行為造成的社會危害,在分析危害時從受欺凌者、欺凌者、欺凌事件的旁觀者、校園安全環(huán)境和社會環(huán)境這五個角度進行了分門別類的分析。本文進而分析了校園欺凌形成的原因,主要從社會、家庭、學校以及學生個體四個維度進行探究,社會的失范、多元價值觀對學生思想的沖擊、國家的相關法律規(guī)范不夠健全,家庭暴力的渲染、家長教育方式不得當,學校應試教育的重壓、允許擇校的教育體制結構不合理以及學校德育工作成效不明顯,這些都是校園欺凌發(fā)生的外在原因。然而,外因總是通過內(nèi)因產(chǎn)生作用,我們同樣不能忽視校園欺凌的內(nèi)在原因,即學生自身因素的影響。本文的最后一部分是針對校園欺凌現(xiàn)象的存在和產(chǎn)生的原因,從中學思想政治課教師的角度指出政治教師應當充分利用自身課堂教學優(yōu)勢,聯(lián)系教材教學內(nèi)容,寓學生品德教育于課堂教學過程中,發(fā)揮自身人格魅力感染學生,組織學生積極參與班級文化建設,營造班級文化氛圍,充分利用學生所喜愛的新媒體來弘揚、傳播社會正能量,力圖消除負面因素的影響,履行自己的教育使命做家訪,引導學生家長樹立正確的教育觀念,實現(xiàn)家庭教育與學校教育的良性互動,努力與社會、家庭、學校聯(lián)起手來構建四位一體的防治策略,形成有效的教育合力。
[Abstract]:At present, campus bullying is becoming more and more serious. We can see the shadow of campus bullying from all kinds of channels. Because of its cruel and abominable means, the bullying in the middle and primary schools is constantly stabbing the nerves of the public. Bullied students, unable to resist, are left to abuse bullies at will, to be subjected to harsher retaliation if they do so, and bullied bystanders tend to shoot bullied videos and post them to the Internet to cause others to watch. This will cause twice harm to the bullied person, make the bullied person live under the huge psychological shadow for a long time, and easily produce many kinds of psychological problems over time, and affect their physical and mental health development. The bullies' slapping, pulling their hair, kicking their feet and forcing themselves to kneel have greatly satisfied their distorted mentality of dominating others. If they are not stopped in time, they will eventually go to the path of illegal crime. In the face of such a severe bullying incident on campus, we should not only stop at the stage of indignation, but also study this phenomenon, analyze its characteristics and harm, find out the deep-seated reasons behind it, and explore effective prevention and treatment strategies. This paper summarizes the definition of bullying behavior by experts and scholars at home and abroad, and analyzes the general characteristics of bullying on campus: the universality of bullying events, the long-term duration of bullying, the concealment of bullying behavior, the diversity of bullying means and forms. Bullying shows a trend of gang formation and the difference between bullies and bullies. On this basis, the paper analyzes the social harm caused by bullying on campus, and analyzes the harm from five aspects: the bullied person, the bystander of the bullying event, the campus safety environment and the social environment. This paper then analyzes the reasons for the formation of campus bullying, mainly from the social, family, school and student individual four dimensions to explore, the social anomie, the impact of multiple values on students' thinking, the country's relevant legal norms are not perfect. The exaggeration of domestic violence, the improper way of parents' education, the heavy pressure of school examination-oriented education, the unreasonable structure of educational system that allows the choice of school and the inconspicuous effect of moral education in school are all the external reasons for the occurrence of bullying on campus. However, external factors always play a role through internal factors, so we can not ignore the internal causes of campus bullying, that is, the influence of students' own factors. In the last part of this paper, the author points out that the political teachers should make full use of their own advantages in classroom teaching and contact the teaching contents of teaching materials in view of the existence and causes of bullying on campus. In the process of classroom teaching, students' moral education should be used to influence students, to organize students to participate in class culture construction, to create class culture atmosphere, and to make full use of new media that students like to carry forward. Spreading positive social energy, trying to eliminate the influence of negative factors, carrying out their own educational mission to make home visits, guiding students' parents to establish a correct educational concept, realizing the positive interaction between family education and school education, and striving to make efforts with the society and the family, Schools join hands to build a four-in-one prevention strategy to form an effective educational force.
【學位授予單位】：河南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G636

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