本文選題：化學(xué)史 + 化學(xué)教學(xué)　； 參考：《陜西師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：英國(guó)的一位歷史學(xué)家卡爾在他的一本書中曾對(duì)歷史做過如下的解釋,歷史是我們現(xiàn)在所處的社會(huì)與過去的人們所在的社會(huì)之間的對(duì)話。要正確理解曾經(jīng),我們需要借助現(xiàn)在；同樣的,我們要正確理解現(xiàn)在,亦需要借助過去。在化學(xué)教學(xué)中,教師亦可借助化學(xué)史幫學(xué)生理解化學(xué)知識(shí)。我國(guó)已經(jīng)有很多學(xué)者進(jìn)行過化學(xué)史的相關(guān)研究,研究表明：記錄人類在探索自然、追求真理的道路上奮斗歷程的化學(xué)史,對(duì)于幫助學(xué)生培養(yǎng)科學(xué)思想、形成科學(xué)思路、鍛煉科學(xué)精神有極大的好處,是十分珍貴的教學(xué)素材。在本論文中,筆者想通過自己的力量,為化學(xué)史的教學(xué)提供一些理論、更多的是實(shí)踐支持,筆者從幫助學(xué)生深入正確地理解化學(xué)知識(shí)的角度分別對(duì)三個(gè)版本的高中化學(xué)必修二教材中的化學(xué)史內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,分析發(fā)現(xiàn),高中化學(xué)教材中化學(xué)史涉及內(nèi)容豐富,但大多數(shù)都介紹較為簡(jiǎn)略,教師要利用化學(xué)史教學(xué),利用化學(xué)史幫助學(xué)生深入理解化學(xué)知識(shí),需要自身對(duì)化學(xué)史有準(zhǔn)確的把握,這就需要教師大量閱讀并分析化學(xué)史,從豐富的化學(xué)史中提取出與自己本節(jié)課的教育目標(biāo)一致的化學(xué)史內(nèi)容。但是一線的教師課業(yè)相對(duì)繁重,沒有足夠的時(shí)間和精力搜集整理化學(xué)史素材。所以本研究的主要目的就是選擇化學(xué)教師在教學(xué)工作中可能需要的化學(xué)史素材并整理出來,并以章節(jié)的形式進(jìn)行編輯,方便教師查找選擇。本論文的研究主要分為三部分：一、對(duì)高中化學(xué)三個(gè)版本必修二教材的化學(xué)史內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了統(tǒng)計(jì)并從幫助學(xué)生理解化學(xué)知識(shí)的角度對(duì)其進(jìn)行了分析。二、以建構(gòu)主義理論、結(jié)構(gòu)主義理論以及有意義學(xué)習(xí)理論為依據(jù),在了解高中生的認(rèn)知規(guī)律的基礎(chǔ)上,在全面了解新課標(biāo)理念下化學(xué)史的教育價(jià)值的基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)高中化學(xué)必修二建立一個(gè)關(guān)于化學(xué)史的素材庫,該素材庫以章節(jié)內(nèi)容為依托,收集更加全面的化學(xué)史資料,重現(xiàn)或再現(xiàn)化學(xué)發(fā)展過程中的歷史片段及相關(guān)事物,展示化學(xué)家揭開化學(xué)現(xiàn)象背后的規(guī)律所進(jìn)行的思維活動(dòng)和所采用的科學(xué)方法。三、對(duì)于不同的化學(xué)課程的教學(xué)目標(biāo)所對(duì)應(yīng)的化學(xué)史素材的選擇提出了自己的一點(diǎn)建議。
[Abstract]:In one of his books, Karl Carr, an English historian, once explained history as a dialogue between the society in which we live and the society in which the people of the past live.In order to understand the past correctly, we need the help of the present; similarly, we need to understand the present correctly and through the past.In chemistry teaching, teachers can also help students understand chemistry knowledge with the help of chemistry history.There are many scholars in our country who have done some research on the history of chemistry. The research shows that recording the history of chemistry in the way of exploring nature and pursuing truth can help students cultivate scientific thought and form scientific thinking.Training the scientific spirit has great benefits and is a very precious teaching material.In this paper, the author wants to provide some theory for the teaching of chemical history through his own strength, more practical support,From the angle of helping students to understand chemical knowledge correctly, the author makes a statistical analysis of the contents of chemistry history in three versions of the two required textbooks of senior high school chemistry, and finds that there are abundant contents in chemistry history in senior high school chemistry textbooks.However, most of the introductions are relatively simple. Teachers need to make use of the history of chemistry to teach, to help students to understand chemical knowledge in depth, and to have an accurate grasp of the history of chemistry, which requires teachers to read and analyze the history of chemistry in a large amount.The contents of the history of chemistry are extracted from the rich history of chemistry, which are consistent with the educational objectives of this class.But the first-line teachers work relatively heavy, there is not enough time and energy to collect and collate the history of chemistry materials.Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to select the chemical history materials that the chemistry teachers may need in the teaching work and arrange them out, and edit them in the form of chapters, so as to facilitate the teachers to find and choose.The research of this thesis is divided into three parts: first, the contents of the chemistry history of the three versions of the required two textbooks in senior high school chemistry are statistically analyzed and analyzed from the angle of helping students understand the chemistry knowledge.Secondly, on the basis of constructivism theory, structuralism theory and meaningful learning theory, on the basis of understanding the cognitive law of high school students and the educational value of chemistry history under the new curriculum standard,In view of the senior high school chemistry compulsory 2, we set up a material bank about chemistry history, which is based on the content of chapter, collect more comprehensive chemical history data, reproduce or reproduce the historical fragments and related things in the process of chemistry development.Demonstrate the thinking activities and scientific methods used by chemists to uncover the laws behind chemical phenomena.Thirdly, some suggestions are put forward for the choice of the materials of chemistry history corresponding to the teaching objectives of different chemistry courses.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：G633.8

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本文編號(hào)：1757385