本文選題：民國時期　切入點：榆林地區(qū)　出處：《延安大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：民國時期是中國近代史上重要的新舊交替的轉(zhuǎn)型時代。民國時期的教育如同近代中華民族的命運一樣,在急劇轉(zhuǎn)型的大環(huán)境下面臨著社會發(fā)展的艱難變革和時代考驗。從中國教育近代化的整個歷史進(jìn)程來看,民國時期的教育在中國近代教育史上占有承上啟下的地位,承擔(dān)著傳統(tǒng)教育向近現(xiàn)代教育轉(zhuǎn)型的使命。同時,作為民國教育發(fā)展的一部分,陜西榆林地區(qū)的中等教育發(fā)展也經(jīng)歷了復(fù)雜曲折的歷程。榆林地區(qū)地理位置偏僻且相對閉塞,經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)差,自然與社會環(huán)境惡劣,受封建思想影響很深,思想觀念被嚴(yán)重束縛,因循守舊故而抵觸新事物。榆林的中等教育就是在這樣的環(huán)境中產(chǎn)生的。從民國前期的發(fā)端再到國民政府時期的調(diào)整,榆林地區(qū)中等教育逐步發(fā)展成型。普通中等教育、中等師范和職業(yè)教育都有不同程度的發(fā)展。尤其是二十世紀(jì)二十年代,一大批仁人志士致力于榆林教育,使榆林地區(qū)中等教育蓬勃發(fā)展,一度大放異彩,為世人所矚目。在民國初到國民政府建立,教學(xué)活動是遵循著中華民國的教育政策,再根據(jù)地方實際實施的。南京國民政府建立后,榆林地區(qū)中等教育復(fù)雜化,在國共兩黨兩個政權(quán)存在的條件下,雙方的中等教育,不管是課程設(shè)置的爭鋒相對,還是學(xué)生管理的巨大差異,無不體現(xiàn)著政治意識形態(tài)下的不同教育理念。因此,整個榆林地區(qū)中等教育活動中,教育宗旨、課程設(shè)置、教學(xué)方式、教育經(jīng)費、師資力量和學(xué)生管理等都隨著社會的發(fā)展與政治的斗爭而變化。正是在這種復(fù)雜環(huán)境下,使得榆林地區(qū)中等教育發(fā)展過程中呈現(xiàn)出自身特征:中等教育與政治的變動相互作用,與革命斗爭、生產(chǎn)勞動相互結(jié)合,還受到知識分子與軍政任務(wù)的大力推動。當(dāng)然也存在一些問題:中等學(xué)校設(shè)置不合理,教育經(jīng)費嚴(yán)重短缺等。民國時期榆林地區(qū)中等教育對整個榆林地區(qū)產(chǎn)生重大影響,培養(yǎng)了一大批社會人才,他們有的專注于教育,有的投身于革命,并建立黨團(tuán)組織,開展革命運動,促進(jìn)了馬克思主義在榆林地區(qū)傳播。中等教育的發(fā)展提高了人們的文化水平,為破除封建迷信、解放民眾思想掃清了障礙。職業(yè)教育的發(fā)展為榆林經(jīng)濟(jì)提供了人才,保障了教育發(fā)展的物質(zhì)條件。總之,民國時期榆林地區(qū)的中等教育是陜西教育史乃至中國教育史上重要的組成部分,不僅為榆林地區(qū)的社會發(fā)展和革命斗爭做出了重要的貢獻(xiàn),而且為研究當(dāng)今榆林地區(qū)中等教育發(fā)展提供借鑒。
[Abstract]:The period of the Republic of China is an important transition period in the modern history of China.The education of the Republic of China, like the fate of the Chinese nation in modern times, was confronted with the difficult changes and times tests of social development under the great environment of rapid transformation.From the perspective of the whole historical process of the modernization of Chinese education, the education of the Republic of China occupies a connecting position in the history of Chinese modern education and undertakes the mission of transforming the traditional education to the modern education.At the same time, as a part of the development of education in the Republic of China, the development of secondary education in Yulin area of Shaanxi Province has also undergone a complicated and tortuous process.Yulin area is remote and relatively closed, its economic base is poor, its natural and social environment is bad, it is deeply influenced by feudal ideology, and its ideology is seriously restricted, and it resists new things according to the old ways.Yulin secondary education is produced in such an environment.From the beginning of the Republic of China to the adjustment of the National Government, the secondary education in Yulin area developed gradually.General secondary education, secondary normal education and vocational education all have varying degrees of development.Especially in the 1920s, a large number of people with lofty ideals devoted themselves to Yulin education, which made the secondary education in Yulin develop vigorously.At the beginning of the Republic of China to the establishment of the National Government, teaching activities followed the educational policy of the Republic of China, and then according to the actual implementation of the local.After the establishment of the Nanjing National Government, secondary education in Yulin area became more complicated. Under the conditions of the existence of the two political regimes of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, the secondary education of both sides, whether it was the competition for curriculum or the huge difference in student management,All reflect the different educational ideas under the political ideology.Therefore, in the whole Yulin area secondary education activities, educational aim, curriculum, teaching method, educational funds, teachers' strength and student management all change with the development of society and the struggle of politics.It is in this complex environment that the development of secondary education in Yulin region presents its own characteristics: the interaction between secondary education and political changes, the combination of revolutionary struggle and productive labor.It is also greatly promoted by intellectuals and military and political tasks.Of course, there are some problems: the establishment of secondary schools is unreasonable, the serious shortage of educational funds, and so on.During the period of the Republic of China, the secondary education in Yulin region had a great influence on the whole Yulin area, and a large number of social talents were trained. Some of them focused on education, others devoted themselves to revolution, and set up party groups to carry out revolutionary movements.Promote the spread of Marxism in Yulin area.The development of secondary education raised people's cultural level and cleared the way for breaking feudal superstition and liberating people's thought.The development of vocational education provides talents for Yulin economy and ensures the material condition of educational development.In short, the secondary education in Yulin area during the period of the Republic of China is an important part in the history of education in Shaanxi and even in China, which not only contributed to the social development and revolutionary struggle in Yulin area.And for the study of the current Yulin area secondary education development to provide reference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G639.29

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本文編號：1709619