本文選題：文本細(xì)讀　切入點(diǎn)：《馬說》　出處：《新疆師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：21世紀(jì)是“知識社會”的時代,而應(yīng)對這個時代的人才需具備核心素養(yǎng)。國際教育界都對有關(guān)核心素養(yǎng)的研究高度關(guān)注,語文教學(xué)中培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的核心素養(yǎng)主要體現(xiàn)在:思維、語言、審美、文化四個方面。文本細(xì)讀正是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生核心素養(yǎng)的必然選擇。選入教材的文言文是作為了解鑒賞的“定篇”,應(yīng)深入理解文本背后的文化思想,發(fā)掘文本的深層意義;因此,《馬說》作為初中文言文經(jīng)典篇目,適用于文本細(xì)讀,文本細(xì)讀是實(shí)現(xiàn)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)內(nèi)容要求的重要途徑。通過梳理、分析國內(nèi)外“文本細(xì)讀”理論,明確語文課程語境下的文本細(xì)讀與文學(xué)批評語境下的文本細(xì)讀理論,其內(nèi)涵和特點(diǎn)都不同,進(jìn)而根據(jù)理論建構(gòu)語文課程語境下文本細(xì)讀的課程要素,即言語形式、文本結(jié)構(gòu)、復(fù)雜文本、問題設(shè)計(jì)。并在此基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)核心素養(yǎng)對語文教學(xué)的要求,結(jié)合優(yōu)秀語文教師的文本細(xì)讀閱讀教學(xué)實(shí)踐,建構(gòu)了文本細(xì)讀的教學(xué)策略框架,包括:細(xì)讀語言,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生體會作者情感;探究問題,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生挖掘文本內(nèi)涵;搭建支架,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生自主閱讀能力。通過梳理分析自1978年《馬說》編入教材以來,不同時期的《馬說》教材解讀情況,筆者發(fā)現(xiàn),《馬說》的課堂教學(xué),經(jīng)歷了一個由重內(nèi)容到重文本,重作者,再到重讀者的變化過程,雖然也體現(xiàn)了一定層面的細(xì)讀,但都是有局限的;本研究依據(jù)時代發(fā)展要求,提出重文本細(xì)讀,并重新審視《馬說》的文本細(xì)讀。本研究對三位名師的《馬說》教學(xué)案例進(jìn)行了分析,將他們的文本細(xì)讀教學(xué)的顯著特征提煉出來,并驗(yàn)證了文本細(xì)讀理論及教學(xué)策略的有效性。根據(jù)上述理論探討、教材解讀分析、課例研究,本研究建構(gòu)了文本細(xì)讀的課程架構(gòu),并按此架構(gòu)對《馬說》進(jìn)行文本細(xì)讀分析,在此基礎(chǔ)上完成教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)。本研究希望通過此課例,幫助教師樹立“文本細(xì)讀”的教學(xué)觀,為《馬說》等教學(xué)提供一種新思路。
[Abstract]:In 21th century, the era of "knowledge society", and to deal with the talent in this era need to have core literacy. The international educational circles are highly concerned about the research of core literacy, the core literacy of students in Chinese teaching is mainly reflected in: thinking, Language, aesthetics and culture. Careful reading of text is the inevitable choice of cultivating students' core literacy. The classical Chinese selected in the textbook is used as a "definite text" to understand appreciation, and the cultural thoughts behind the text should be deeply understood. Exploring the deep meaning of the text, therefore, as a classical classical Chinese text in junior high school, Ma Theory is suitable for the detailed reading of the text, which is an important way to realize the content requirements of the curriculum standard. Through combing, the author analyzes the theory of "text careful reading" at home and abroad. It is clear that the theory of text fine reading in the context of Chinese curriculum is different from that in the context of literary criticism in terms of its connotation and characteristics, and then constructs the curriculum elements of careful reading of text in the context of Chinese curriculum according to the theory, that is, speech form and text structure. On this basis, according to the requirement of core literacy to Chinese teaching and combining the teaching practice of excellent Chinese teachers, this paper constructs the teaching strategy frame of text reading, including: careful reading language. To guide the students to understand the feelings of the author, to explore the problems, to explore the connotation of the text, to build the scaffold and to cultivate the students' ability to read autonomously. Through combing and analyzing, since 1978, the Horse Theory has been compiled into the textbook. The author finds that the classroom teaching of Ma Shuo has experienced a process of changing from content to text, from author to reader, although it also reflects a certain level of careful reading. However, all of them are limited. According to the requirements of the development of the times, this study puts forward that the text should be read carefully, and re-examine the text of Ma Shuo. This study analyzes the teaching cases of the three famous teachers. The significant features of their text reading teaching are extracted, and the validity of text reading theory and teaching strategies is verified. According to the above theoretical discussion, textbook interpretation and analysis, lesson case study, this study constructs the curriculum framework of text reading. According to this framework, the text of "horse theory" is analyzed, and the teaching design is completed on this basis. This study hopes to help teachers to set up the teaching concept of "text reading" through this lesson example, and to provide a new way of thinking for the teaching of "horse theory" and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G633.3

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