本文關(guān)鍵詞： 歷史教學(xué) 問題意識 思維能力 探究學(xué)習(xí)　出處：《渤海大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：新課改的實施,使課堂教學(xué)更關(guān)注學(xué)生思維能力的養(yǎng)成。教學(xué)目標開始由單一的知識傳授轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)W(xué)生知識與能力的綜合培養(yǎng)。這要求學(xué)生不僅要掌握知識、獲得能力,還要形成良好的歷史價值觀。因此,歷史教學(xué)不僅是歷史知識的教學(xué),更是歷史思維的教學(xué)。現(xiàn)今高中歷史教學(xué)中,大部分教師響應(yīng)了新課改的號召,注重學(xué)生的探究學(xué)習(xí)及其主體地位的體現(xiàn)。但在實際操作中,許多問題環(huán)節(jié)的設(shè)置過于表象化,未能對學(xué)生的思維發(fā)展起到實質(zhì)性作用。學(xué)生課堂上的參與度有了明顯提高,但是思維的活躍度卻始終停滯不前。如何促進學(xué)生歷史思維能力的提升,成為歷史課程改革更為關(guān)注的課題。問題意識是人們產(chǎn)生疑問和困惑時,努力尋求答案的心理狀態(tài)。這種狀態(tài)促使人們進行主動學(xué)習(xí)和探索。歷史學(xué)科的過去性要求學(xué)生能夠站在歷史的角度發(fā)現(xiàn)和提出問題。在歷史學(xué)習(xí)中,歷史問題意識作為學(xué)生積極思考和探究的心理狀態(tài),表現(xiàn)出來的是學(xué)生能夠在歷史素養(yǎng)的基礎(chǔ)上提出具有歷史意義的問題,并以積極的態(tài)度進行探究。歷史問題意識的培養(yǎng),利于學(xué)生在問題探索中提升素養(yǎng);同時,又在歷史素養(yǎng)的基礎(chǔ)上提出新問題,進而推進學(xué)生素養(yǎng)和思維的雙向進步。研究采用文獻研究法和問卷調(diào)查法對學(xué)生歷史問題意識的培養(yǎng)進行探究。首先,結(jié)合前人研究成果將問題意識與歷史素養(yǎng)相結(jié)合,對歷史問題意識進行概念界定。以心理學(xué)理論知識作為依托,引出培養(yǎng)學(xué)生問題意識在當今歷史教學(xué)中的重要性。其次,本研究通過問卷調(diào)查形式對錦州市太和高中文科生歷史問題意識培養(yǎng)現(xiàn)狀進行考察。根據(jù)問卷調(diào)查結(jié)果,對當今高中生歷史問題意識缺乏的原因進行分析。最后,將理論與調(diào)查結(jié)果相結(jié)合,從高中歷史課堂教學(xué)的視角提出相應(yīng)策略。為廣大一線歷史教師培養(yǎng)學(xué)生歷史問題意識提供參考和借鑒。
[Abstract]:The implementation of the new curriculum reform makes classroom teaching pay more attention to the cultivation of students' thinking ability. The teaching goal begins to change from single knowledge teaching to comprehensive cultivation of students' knowledge and ability, which requires students not only to master knowledge. Therefore, history teaching is not only the teaching of historical knowledge, but also the teaching of historical thinking. Most teachers respond to the call of the new curriculum reform, pay attention to the students' inquiry learning and the embodiment of their main position. Failed to play a substantial role in the development of students' thinking. Students' participation in the classroom has been significantly improved, but the activity of thinking has always stagnated. How to promote the improvement of students' historical thinking ability. It has become a more concerned topic in history curriculum reform. Problem consciousness is a time when people have questions and puzzles. The psychological state of trying to find the answer. This state urges people to take the initiative to study and explore. The history of history requires students to be able to find and raise questions from the perspective of history. As a psychological state of students' positive thinking and inquiry, the consciousness of historical problem shows that students can put forward questions of historical significance on the basis of historical literacy. And with a positive attitude to explore. The cultivation of awareness of historical issues is conducive to the students in the problem exploration to improve their literacy; At the same time, on the basis of historical literacy, put forward new problems. And then promote the two-way progress of students' literacy and thinking. The research adopts the method of literature research and questionnaire survey to explore the cultivation of students' awareness of historical problems. First of all. Combining with the previous research results, this paper combines problem consciousness with historical literacy, and defines the concept of historical problem consciousness, which is based on the theory of psychology. Lead to the importance of cultivating students' awareness of problems in the current history teaching. Secondly. This study investigated the current situation of cultivating the awareness of historical problems of senior high school students in Jinzhou City through questionnaire survey, according to the results of the questionnaire. This paper analyzes the causes of the lack of awareness of the historical problems of senior high school students. Finally, it combines the theory with the results of the investigation. From the perspective of history classroom teaching in senior high school, the corresponding strategies are put forward to provide reference and reference for the majority of history teachers to cultivate students' awareness of historical problems.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：渤海大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G633.51

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本文編號：1473012