【摘要】：目的:了解和掌握呂梁市40歲以上居民腦卒中危險因素暴露水平、患病狀況及其人群分布特征及發(fā)展趨勢;預(yù)測該地40歲以上居民腦卒中風(fēng)險。方法:本課題選取呂梁市40歲以上城鄉(xiāng)居民作為研究對象,嚴(yán)格遵循國家衛(wèi)生計(jì)生委腦卒中防治委員會要求的腦卒中篩查和干預(yù)項(xiàng)目評估表,采用訪問式問卷調(diào)查的方式,對符合納入排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的居民逐一進(jìn)行腦卒中高危人群風(fēng)險初篩;對初篩出的高危人群進(jìn)行復(fù)篩,獲得其生活方式、家族史、既往病史、實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢查和頸部血管超聲檢查等相關(guān)資料。運(yùn)用頻數(shù)法等方法進(jìn)行基本的描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,對均數(shù)進(jìn)行t檢驗(yàn),率值指標(biāo)進(jìn)行卡方檢驗(yàn),分析兩組或不同組間率值或構(gòu)成比差別。檢驗(yàn)水準(zhǔn)α=0.05,P0.05有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異。結(jié)果:呂梁40歲以上居民腦卒中的患病率為3.21%。其中男性為3.64%,女性為2.80%,男性患病率高于女性,峰值年齡為70~79歲。該地居民前三位卒中危險因素為缺乏體育鍛煉、吸煙、高血壓。隨著年份的增加,男性和女性腦卒中粗患病率均有逐年升高的趨勢,主要表現(xiàn)農(nóng)村地區(qū)。呂梁市54-85歲腦卒中高危者未來10年發(fā)病風(fēng)險率平均為12.82%。男性10年卒中平均風(fēng)險為16.94%,女性平均風(fēng)險為8.95%,男性高于女性;城市高危者10年卒中平均風(fēng)險為14.07%,農(nóng)村平均風(fēng)險為11.70%。結(jié)論:呂梁市40歲以上居民腦卒中的患病率高于全國水平。男性患病率高于女性,均有逐年升高的趨勢,與我國整體現(xiàn)狀吻合。該地前三位卒中危險因素為缺乏體育鍛煉、吸煙、高血壓,不同于全國人群。呂梁市54-85歲腦卒中高危者未來10年發(fā)病風(fēng)險比較大,男性高于女性,城市平均風(fēng)險高于農(nóng)村。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand and understand the risk factors of stroke in residents over 40 years old in Luliang city, and to predict the risk of stroke in residents over 40 years of age. Methods: the subjects were selected urban and rural residents over 40 years old in Luliang as the research object, strictly followed the stroke screening and intervention project evaluation table required by the Stroke Prevention and treatment Committee of the State Health and Family Planning Commission, and adopted the method of interview questionnaire. The residents who met the exclusion criteria were screened one by one for the risk of stroke. The high risk groups were screened again to obtain their lifestyle, family history, past medical history, laboratory examination and ultrasound examination of cervical blood vessels and other relevant data. The basic descriptive statistical analysis is carried out by means of frequency method, the t test of the mean and the chi-square test of the rate index are carried out, and the difference of the rate value or the composition ratio between the two groups or different groups is analyzed. There was statistical difference in test level 偽 = 0.05 (P 0.05). Results: the prevalence of stroke in the residents over 40 years old was 3.21. The prevalence rate of male was higher than that of female, and the peak age was 70 ~ 79 years old. The top three risk factors for stroke were lack of physical exercise, smoking and high blood pressure. With the increase of years, the incidence of stroke in both males and females increased year by year, mainly in rural areas. In Luliang 54-85 years old, the risk rate of stroke in the next 10 years was 12.82 on average. The average risk of stroke in 10 years was 16.94 for men, 8.95 for women, 14.07 for urban high-risk patients and 11.70 for rural areas. Conclusion: the prevalence of stroke in residents over 40 years old in Luliang City is higher than that in China. The prevalence rate of males is higher than that of females, which is consistent with the overall situation in China. The top three risk factors for stroke were lack of physical exercise, smoking, high blood pressure, different from the national population. The risk of stroke in 54-85 years old patients in Luliang City is higher than that in women in the next 10 years. The average urban risk is higher than that in rural areas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R743.3

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